BOG-EARTH 



120 



BOMAREA 



BOG-EARTH PLANTS. See AMERICAN PLANTS. 



BOG-MOSS. Spha'gnum. 



BOILER. The vessel employed to supply the pipes 

 or tanks with hot-water or steam, when either of these 

 is used for heating purposes. Many are the ingenious 

 and intricate boilers from time to time offered to the 

 gardener ; but, after much experience with boilers of all 

 descriptions, we can confidently say the most simple is 

 the best. The smaller the boiler and the fireplace, 

 compatible with efficiency, the greater is the economy. 

 We can tell the gardener, also, most decidedly, that the 

 total size of the boiler has nothing to do with that 

 efficiency ; the only point to be secured is, that a sufficient 

 surface of the boiler be exposed to the fire. The following 

 table shows the amount of boiler-surface which must 

 be exposed to the fire to heat given lengths of pipe, 

 respectively 4 inches, 3 inches, and 2 inches in diameter : 



4-inch 



pipe. 

 , -^ ^^. ft 



Si square feet will heat 



8* 



12 



17 



To prevent the scale, or limy crust, which is often so 

 troublesome, dissolve in the water at the rate of one 

 ounce of sal ammoniac (muriate of ammonia) to every 

 sixty gallons. Do this twice in the year ; as, in October 

 and April. 



The above given years ago still holds good, but we 

 have had many modern improvements in all heating 

 appliances. And in construction we find a great altera- 

 tion ; instead of burying the pipes under the ground, they 

 are put above. Every one knows that growth is assisted 

 by ths warmth radiated from the sun, and it is the 

 same in greenhouse heating. We must first have bottom* 

 heat to induce root growth, and later it is the heat from 

 above that develops plant growth. 



In fixing Boilers it is now often arranged that a large 

 rise is given, and the pipes have a fall from close to the 

 Boiler ; a sharp rise and a good fall to the return pipe 

 without any possibility of air being in contact with the 

 water is the main point in the circulation of water, and 

 a clean Boiler of any make will give double the heat of 

 one allowed to get covered with soot. 



BOIS-PERDIX (Partridge-wood). Heists' ria. 

 BOLBOPHY'LLUM. See BULBOPHY'LLUM. 



BOLDO' A. (From Boldu, the Chilian name of a species 

 formerly included under this genus. Nat. ord. Nycta- 

 ginaceae.) 



Stove evergreen shrub. Cuttings in sand in a warm 

 case. Fibrous loam, peat and sand. 

 B. lanceola'ta (lance-shaped). 3. Purple. June. Mexico. 

 1824. 



BO'LEUM. (From bolos, a ball ; in reference to the 

 shape of the seed-pods. Nat. ord. Crucifers [Cruciferae] 

 Linn. i$-Tetradynamia. Allied to Vella.) 



Half-hardy evergreen under-shrub. Seed in a pot, in 

 spring, set in a frame, or sown in the open border during 

 summer. It requires a little protection in a cold pit 

 during winter, but is hardly worth it. 

 B. a'sperum (rough), i. Cream. June. Spain. 1818. 



BOLIVA'RIA. (Named after Bolivar, the late Re- 

 publican chief in South America. Nat. ord. Jasmine- 

 worts [Oleacea?]. Linn. 2-Diandria, i-Monogynia. Now 

 referred to Menodora.) 



Greenhouse evergreen shrub. Cuttings of half-ripened 

 shoots in sand, under a hand-light. Summer temp., 

 55 to 70 ; winter, 40 to 48. 

 a - tfi'fida (three-cleft). See MENODORA TRIFIDA. 



BO'LLEA. See ZYGOPE'TALUM. 



BO LLEO-CHONDRORHY'NCHATRCEBELIA NA. A 



supposed natural hybrid between Bollea caelestis and 

 Chondrorhnycha Chestertoni. Nat. ord. Orchids [Orchida- 

 ceae]. New Grenada. 1902. For cultivation, see 

 ZYGOPETALUM. 



BOLTO'NIA. (Named after /. B. Bolton, an English 

 professor of botany. Nat. ord. Composites [Composite]. 

 Linn. TiS-Syngenesia, 2-Superftua. Allied to Stenactis.) 



Hardy herbaceous perennials. Division of the roots 

 in March or October ; common garden-soil. 



B. asteroi'des (starwort-like). 3. Flesh. September. 



N. Amer. 1758. 



, decu'rrens (running down the stem). 

 , glastifo'lia (woad-leaved). See B. ASTEROIDES. 

 , inci'sa (cut-leaved). Lilac-purple. Siberia. 

 , i'ndica (Indian). White. Japan. 

 , latisqua' ma (broad-scaled). Blue-violet. Autumn. 



N. Amer. 1879. 

 occidenta'lis. 



BOLUS A NTHUS. (Commemorative of Dr. Bolus, the 

 S. African botanist, and anthos, a flower. Nat. ord. 

 Leguminosae.) 



A greenhouse tree. Seeds ; cuttings in sand under a 

 bell-glass. Loam, peat and sand. 



B. specio'sus (showy). 20-25. Bright blue. September. 

 S. Africa. 1908. " Rhodesian Wistaria." 



BOMA'REA. (Name not explained ; probably it is 

 commemorative. Nat. ord. Amaryllids [Amaryllidacea?]. 

 Linn. 6-Hexandria, i-Monogynia. Allied to Alstroemeria.) 



Two features which cannot be misunderstood divide 

 Boma'rea from Alstrceme'ria a twining stem and a 

 triangular seed-pod. The tubers of the B. edu'lis are 

 eaten, in St. Domingo, like those of Jerusalem artichoke. 

 It is a stove plant. The others prefer a deep, rich, light 

 border in the open air, with a slight protection from 

 frost. B. acutifo'lia, planted in a good, cold greenhouse, 

 inside border, will twine up ten or twelve feet, and 

 flower better than in any other way. For culture, see 

 ALSTRCEMERIA. 



B. acutifo'lia (pointed-leaved). 9. Red, yellow. Sep- 

 tember. Mexico. 



ehrenbergia' no, (Ehrenbergian). Red, yellow, 

 brown. Mexico. Spring. 1878. 



puncta'ta (dotted- fliwered). 6. Spotted. Sep- 

 tember. Mexico. 1829. 



,, bogote'nsis (Bogotan). Crimson, black, green. Co- 

 lombia. 1872. 



,, bredemeyera'na(BTedemeyeri&n). See B. MULTIFLORA. 



caldasia'na (Caldasian). Orange- yellow, spotted 

 crimson. Peruvian Andes. 1863. 



Carde'ri (Carder's). Rose, purple, brown. Colombia. 

 1876. 



chontale'nsis (Chontalese). See B. EDULIS. 



confe'rta (crowded). See B. PATACOCENSIS. 



edu'lis (eatable-tubered). 6. Red. July. Trinidad. 

 1820. 



,, chontale'nsis (Chontalese). Rose, yellow, brown, 

 Nicaragua. 1871. 



Elwe'sii (Elwes'). Outer segments pink, inner 

 pencilled red. 1905. 



fro'ndea (leafy). Bright yellow, dotted brown on 

 inner segments. Colombia. 1881. 



,, hirte'lla (small-haired). See B. EDULIS. 



Kalbreye'ri (Kalbreyet's). Orange. Colombia. 1882. 



,, Lehma'nni (Lehmann's). Colombia. 1883. 



multifto'ra (many-flowered). New Granada and Vene- 

 zuela. 



ocula'ta (eyed). See B. SALSILLA. 



,, oliga'ntha (few-flowered). Reddish, yellow, claret. 

 Peru. 1877. 



,, ova'ta (egg-shzpc-leaved). Red and green. Chili. 

 1824. 



,, patacoce'nsis (Patacochan). Carmine-rose, green. 

 Ecuador and Colombia. 1882. 



pudibu'nda (modest). Pink. New Granada. 1855. 



Salsi'lla (Salsilla). 5. Green, crimson. June. S. 

 Amer. 1806. Hardy. 



Shuttlewo'rthii (Shuttleworth's). See B. CARDERI. 



soro'ria (sisterly). Rosy, spotted carmine, green, 

 brown. S. Amer. 1892. 



,, tomento'sa (felted). Peru. 



vitelli'na ( yolk-of -egg - coloured) . Orange - yellow. 

 Colombia. 1882. 



,, We'rckl&i (Werckle's). Vermilion-orange and orange- 

 yellow. Costa Rica. 1909. 



WiUia'msicn (Mrs. Williams'). Rose, dotted purpla. 

 Colombia. 1882. 



