CACTUS 



143 



CACTUS 



C. exscu'lptus (carved). White. July. Chili. 1830. 

 folio'sus (leafy). Chili. 1824. 

 gibbo'sus (swollen). White. July. Jamaica. 1808. 

 no'bilis. 



Gillie'sii (Gillie's). See C. FORMOSOS. 

 gladia' tus (sword- spined). July. Mexico. 1826. 

 hamatoca'nthus (tongue-spined). Yellow. July. 



Mexico. 1851. 



hexadro'phorus (six-sided). White. June. Tampico. 

 infta'tus (inflated). Chili. 1828. 

 i'ngens (huge). Mexico. 1838. 

 in to' r tus (tvristed-spined). Purple. June. Antigua. 



1768. 



intrica'tus (intricate). April. Monte Video. 1828. 

 leea'nus (Lee's). Pale sulphur. May. Buenos Ayres. 



1840. 



Li'nkii (Link's). Yellow. July. Mexico. 1828. 

 longihama' tus (long-hooked). See C. HAMATOCANTHUS. 

 mackiea'nus (Mackie's). Yellow. Chili. 1836. 

 mammiliarioi' des (Mammillaria-like). See C. PFEIFFERI. 

 meonaca'nthus (oblong-spined). Jamaica. 1835. 

 monUvide'nsis (Monte Video). Yellow. Monte Video. 



1835. 



multiflo'rus (many-flowered). White. June. 

 myriosti gma (many-spotted). Pale-striped. July. 



Mexico. 1843. 



no'bilis (noble). See C. GIBBOSUS NOBILIS. 

 obvalla'tus (fenced-round). Purple. Mexico. 

 pectini' ferus (comb-like). Pale green, rose. April. 



Mexico. 1844. 



Pfeiffe'ri (Pfeiffer's). Yellow. Mexico. 1836. 

 pilo'sus (thinly hairy). Mexico. 

 Steine'sii (Steines's). Pink. Mexico. 1844. 

 redu'ctus (restored). 2. Mexico. 1796. 

 rhodophtha'lmus (red-eyed). J. Crimson. August. 



Potosi. 1850. 



Sco'pa (broom). Yellow. April. Brazil. 1838. 

 spi'nis-a'lbis (white-spined). Yellow. June. 



Brazil. 1836. 



spira'lis (spiral). June. Mexico. 1838. 

 Steine'sii (Steines's). See C. PILOSDS STEINESII. 

 streptocau'lon (spiral-stemmed), ij. Yellow. August. 



Bolivia. 1845. 



tubgibbo'sus (slightly-swollen). See C. EXSCULPTUS. 

 tubiflo'rus (tube-flowered). White. Mexico. 1836. 

 Visna'ga (tooth-pick-spined). See C. INGENS. 



EPIPHY'LLUM (Leaf-flowering). 



Pink. June. 



Brazil 



C. trunca'tum (abrupt-ended). 



1818. 



cocci' neum (scarlet). Scarlet. June. 1818. 

 russellia'num (Duke of Bedford's). Pink. May. 



Brazil. 1839. 

 vida'ceum (violet-colovt-flowered). Violet, May. 



MAMMILLA'RIA (Nipple-bearers). 



C. bi' color (two-coloured). Red. Mexico. 1823. 

 chrysaca'nfka (golden-spined). Yellow. S. Amer. 



1827. 

 cocci' nea (scarlet-flowered). Scarlet. June. Chili. 



1827. 



columna'ris (column-like). See C. POLYTHELE. 

 co'nica (cone-headed). July. S. Amer. 1808. 

 corona'ria (garland). Scarlet. July. Mexico. 1817. 

 de'nsa (dense). See C. ECHINATA. 

 depre'ssa (depressed). See C. DISCOLOR. 

 di'scolor( two-coloured). Red, green. July. S. Amer. 



1800. 



echina'ria (hedgehog). See C. ECHINATA. 

 echina'ta (spiny). Pale pink. Mexico. 1830. 

 flave'scens (yellow-spined). Yellow. 1811. 

 fioribu'nda (many-flowered). Pink. Chili. 

 ,, fulvispi'na (brown-spined). Red. Brazil. 1829. 

 geminispi'na (twin-spined). See C. BICOLOR. 

 glomera'ta (tufted). Red. St. Domingo. 1825. 

 Heli'cteres (twisted). Rose. June. Mexico. 1827. 

 lani'fera (wool-bearing). Red. Mexico. 1823. 

 Lehma'nnii (Lehmann's). Yellow. Mexico. 1836. 

 missourie'nsis (Missouri). White. July. Missouri. 



1818. 



polythe'le (many-ribbed). Mexico. 1838. 

 proli'fera (proliferous). Whitish. July. S. Amer. 



1800. 



C. pu'lchra (pretty). Yellow. June. Mexico. 1826. 

 pusi'lla (small)'. Pale red. S. Amer. 1820. 

 pyramida'lis (pyramidal). See C. RHODANTHA. 

 quadra 'ta (four-sided). Chili. 1827. 

 quadrispi'na (four-spined). Mexico. 1838. 



, rhodz'ntha (red-flowered). Mexico. 1835. 



, specio'sa (showy). Red. Chili. 1827. 



, stella'ta (starry). Pink. May. S. Amer. 1815. 



, strami'nea (straw-coloured). See C. FLAVESCENS. 



, te'nuis (slender). Pale yellow. May. Mexico. 1830. 



, ietr aca'ntha (four-spined) . Rose. July. Mexico. 



, turbina'ta (top-shaped). Striped. July. Mexico. 

 1838. 



, vtftula (oldish). Light scarlet. 1835. 



, vivi'para (viviparous). Red. Louisiana. 1811. 



MELOCA'CTUS (Turk's-Cap-Cactus). 



C. amce'nus (lovely). Light scarlet. 1835. 



commu'nis (common). Red. July. W. Ind. 1788. 

 vi'ridis (green). 1836. 



depre'ssus (depressed). Scarlet. Pernambuco. 



macroca'nthus (large-spined). White, red. S. Amer. 



1820. 



placentifo'rmis (placenta-shaped). Red. Brazil. 



pyramida'lis (pyramidal). Red. Curacoa. 1824. 

 spi' nis-ru bris (red-spined). 



PHYLLOCA'CTUS (Leaf-flowering Cactus). 



C. v4c&wa'nm'{Ackermann's). Scarlet. June. Mexico. 



1829. 



ma'jor (laxgtT-flawered). Scarlet. June. 

 crena'tus (scolloped). Pale cream. May. Honduras. 



1839. 

 HookSri (Sir Wm. Hooker's). White. June. S. 



Amer. 

 la' tifrons (broad-stemmed). White. August. Mexico. 



1820. 

 Phylla'nthus (leaf-flowering). White. June. S. 



Amer. 1810. 



RHI'PSALIS (Willow-branch Cactus). 



C. Cassy'tha (Cassytha). 2. Yellow. September. S. 



Amer. 



ro'sea (rosy). 

 mesembryanthoi'des (Mesembryanthemum - like). 



White. S. Amer. 1817. 

 pachy'pttra (thick-winged). White. June. W. Ind. 



1810. 

 rho'mbei (diamond-leaved). Pale yellow. June. 



Brazil. 1835. 



There are many more species in all the above sub- 

 divisions of Cactus mentioned in botanical works ; but 

 they are recorded under their respective names in the 

 body of the dictionary. 



Culture. It is possible that under the different names 

 of Epiphy'llum, Mamilla'ria, and Meloca'ctus we may 

 see occasion to detail a few extra points of culture ; 

 but we may observe here, that there are features of 

 cultivation common to them all, namely, a high tem- 

 perature and a somewhat moist atmosphere when grow- 

 ing in summer ; a dry atmosphere when ripening their 

 growth ; under natural conditions they have a very dry 

 period, and when the rainy season commences they 

 flower and make growth. Though a temperature of 

 from 80 to 95 will not be too high in the one case, 

 one not below 40 will suffice in the other. 



Echinocactus culture. This group is propagated, at 

 times, by seed, which should be sown as soon as ripe in 

 shallow pans, and plunged in a hotbed ; by offsets, 

 which should be well dried at the base before planting, 

 and then plunged into bottom-heat. This method of 

 propagating should only be resorted to hi spring or 

 summer ; all changing of the soil, or re-potting, should 

 also be done at that time, as, if done in winter, stagna- 

 tion and decay are apt to ensue. Good drainage con- 

 stitutes an essential feature. Soil, equal portions of 

 sandy loam and peat, and half parts of clear river or 

 silver-sand, leaf-mould, or dried, old cow-dung, and 

 brick-rubbish, consisting, however, more of the brick 

 broken than the lime. In addition to this compost, 

 when potting offsets without roots, a little silver-sand 

 may be advantageously placed round them, and firm- 

 ness be secured by placing some slight pins of wood 



