CALCEOLARIAS 



150 



CALDCLUVIA 



C. angustiflo'ra (narrow-flowered). Bot. Mag., t. 3094. 



See C. VERTICILLATA. 



bi color (two-coloured). 2. Yellow. August. Peru. 



1829. ' 



chiloe'nsis (Chilian). See C. DENTATA. 

 crena'ta (crenate). See C. ADSCENDENS. 

 defle'xa (deflexed). See C. FUCHSI^EFOLIA. 

 denta'ta, (toothed). 2. Yellow. August. Chiloe. 



1830. 



diffu'sa (diffuse). See C. BICOLOR. 

 ericoi'des (heath-like). 2. Yellow. Chili. 1853. 

 ftoribunda (many-flowered). Bot. Mag., t. 4154. See 



C. CRENATA. 



floribu'nda (many-flowered). Bot. Reg., t. 1214. See 



C. PETIOLARIS. 



fuchsiafo'lia (Fuchsia-leaved). Yellow. Peru. 1878. 

 Henri'ci (Anderson-Henry's). 2. Yellow. Ecuador. 



1865. 

 herbertia'na parvifto'ra (Herbert's small-flowered). 2. 



Yellow. April. Valparaiso. 1836. 

 hyssopifo'lia (hyssop-leaved). 2. Yellow, white. 



Summer. Ecuador. 1852. 

 integrifo'lia (entire-leaved). 2. Yellow. August. 



Chili. 1822. 

 angustifo'lia (narrow-leaved). 2. Yellow. August. 



Chili. 1822. 

 viscosi' ssima (clammiest). 3. Yellow. August. 



Chili. 1832. 

 kellya'na (Kellyan). Orange, spotted red-brown. 



1883. 



mexica'na (Mexican). Yellow. Mexico. 

 pe'ndula (hanging). See C. CRENATIFLORA. 

 pisacome'nsis (Pisacoman). Orange-red. Peru. 



1868. 



puncta' fa (spotted). 3. Purple, yellow. Peru. 1863. 

 rugo'sa (wrinkled). See C. INTEGRIFOLIA. 

 scabios&fo'lia (scabious-leaved). 2. Yellow. May. 



Chili. 1822. Trailer. 

 se'ssilis (stainless-leaved), i. Yellow. September. 



Valparaiso. 1832. 



Sinclai'rii (Sinclair's), i to 2. Lilac, spotted red- 

 purple. New Zealand. 

 stri'cta (upright). 3. Yellow. September. New 



Grenada. 1852. 



tetras,o'na (four- angled). Yellow. July. Peru. 1852. 

 thyrsiflo'ra (thyrse-flowered). ij. Yellow. June. 



Chili. 1827.' 

 verticilla'ta (whorled). i. Yellow. June. Peru. 



1830. 

 viola'cea (violet). 2 to 3. Mauve-purple. June. 



Chili. 1853. 



CALCEOLARIAS AS DECORATIVE PLANTS. Few 



tiue species are grown for decorative purposes. Those 

 known as herbaceous Calceolarias are the most showy 

 for the greenhouse or conservatory ; formerly they ranked 

 high among florists' flowers, and named varieties were 

 grown. These were propagated from cuttings. Con- 

 siderable improvement has been made in the selection 

 for seeding, and we get the very finest types from care- 

 fully selected varieties for seed, and the named varieties 

 have ceased to exist, except that there is a yellow 

 variety which comes true from seed and is known as 

 " Cloth of Gold," under which name it gained a first- 

 class certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society. 

 Seedlings may vary a little, yet with careful selection of 

 plants to seed from, it may be improved rather than 

 otherwise, and it is the same with the ordinary type as 

 grown for market. Here it is that market-growers have 

 an advantage, for they have large quantities to select 

 from, and only seed from the very best, while those who 

 grow for seed discard the inferior types only. 



Saving Seed. Fertilisation should be done by the aid 

 of a camel's-hair pencil, selecting the best habited plants 

 with well-formed flowers, and taking the pollen from 

 bright or distinct colours. The males have most influence 

 on colour, and the females, or seed-bearing, on habit and 

 form of flowers. 



Sowing Seed. For early spring flowering the seed 

 should be sown early in July, clean, sandy loam should be 

 used ; for the surface some should be sifted through a fine 

 sieve, and the seed spread evenly over the surface. No 

 surface covering should be given, but the seeds may be 

 lightly pressed down, and a very light sprinkling given 

 with 'a fcn rosed watT-can. The seed pots mav be 



placed in a shady position, but over-shading is liable 

 to cause damping. As soon as large enough to handle, 

 the seedlings should be pricked off. During the autumn 

 they will do well in a cold frame. And through the 

 winter they require only sufficient heat to keep out 

 frost, in fact, they will stand a few degrees of frost. In 

 the south it is only for spring flowering that the herba- 

 ceous types are grown, but in the north they are sown 

 early in the spring for autumn flowering. 



In 1907 Messrs. Veitch & Sons of Exeter introduced 

 some fine hybrids, These were of tall growth, with 

 medium-sized flowers in several distinct colours ; they 

 make fine plants for the conservatory and may be treated 

 similarly to the herbaceous varieties, except that being 

 more of a shrubby habit they may be propagated from 

 cuttings which should be taken in the autumn after the 

 plants have done flowering and before the lateral shoots 

 have attained more than about three inches in length. 

 Short cuttings always make the best plants. 



Culture. As soon as properly established they should 

 be potted into three-inch pots and potted on into larger 

 sires as they require it, using good fibrous loam with some 

 manure and leaf-mould added ; pot only moderately firm. 

 Be careful riot to over-water, but they must not be let to 

 get very dry, and they like a moist, humid atmosphere. 



The ordinary bedding varieties of which ftoribunda (a 

 variety of C. crenata) is one of the best types, need but 

 little skill to succeed well with them. Cuttings taken 

 during the autumn may be put in a cold frame in a 

 shady position. After they are rooted plenty of air 

 should be given, except when it is freezing. The early 

 struck cuttings may be stopped, and will make nice 

 bushy plants for window-boxes, &c., and the tops may 

 be used for cuttings for a later batch. If kept well ex- 

 posed they will stand some frost, but when they have 

 soft, tender growth they will suffer from a few degrees 

 of frost, and if frost should penetrate the frames, they 

 should be kept covered with mats or other material 

 until the frost is out. (See FROST.) 



C. Burbidgei may be referred to as one of the finest 

 yellow greenhouse plants we have for winter flowering. 

 It may be grown as a bush or trained against a wall, 

 and will flower all through the winter. C. amplexicaulis 

 is a distinct species of rather tall growth with soft 

 yellow flowers ; for flower-beds associated with Lobelia 

 cardinalis it is very effective. It is not quite so hardy 

 as some, and though it has been neglected for some 

 years it is worth attention, now that the taller plants 

 are more appreciated. 



Diseases. The herbaceous varieties are subject to a 

 disease very like that which has attacked the potato of 

 late years. They appear quite healthy, until dark-brown 

 spots appear on the leaves and stems ; and in a week's 

 time the disease spreads, and the plants are dead. No 

 cure is known. As soon as it appears on any plant, 

 remove it at once and throw it away, because the 

 disease is contagious, and soon spreads to the healthy 

 plants. Too much wet at the root, or damp in the house, 

 will accelerate the disease. 



Insects. The most destructive is the green-fly (Aphis). 

 Whenever it appears, fill the house with tobacco-smoke. 

 Red spider (Acarus) will sometimes appear, if the house 

 be kept hot and dry. Dust the leaves with sulphur 

 where it is observed. 



CALDA SIA. (Named after G. Caldas, a naturalist 

 at Bogota. Nat. ord. Phloxworts [Polemoniaceae].) 



Stove annual ; seeds in hotbed, in spring ; sandy 

 peat. Temp., 50 to 60. 

 C, heterophy'lla (variable-leaved). See BONPLANDIA 



GEMINIFLORA. 



CALDCLU VIA. (Named after A. Calddeugh, <F.R.S., 

 who collected botanical specimens in Chili. Nat. ord. 

 Rockfoils [Saxifragaceae]. Linn. 8-Octandria, 2-Digynia. 

 Allied to Cunonia.) 



The principal character of this and other Cunoniads is 

 the leaves growing opposite, with stipules between the 

 leaf-stalks. The panicles of little white flowers have a 

 pretty appearance. Greenhouse evergreen shrub ; cut- 

 tings of half-ripened wood in sand, under glass, and a 

 little bottom-heat ; peat and loam. Winter temp., 40" 

 to 45. 



C, panicula'ta (panicled- flowered). White. June. ChiM. 

 1831. 



