CAREX 



169 



CARISSA 



C. leuco'graphus (white-painted). See TYRIMNUS LEUCO- 



GRAPHUS. 



,, peregri'nus (diffuse). 2. Purple. July. 1816. 

 volgfnsis (Volga). See COOSINIA WOLOBNSIS. 



BIENNIALS. 



C. aia'tus (winged). See JURINEA ALATA. 

 ca'ndicans (hoary). See C. COLLINUS. 

 carliruefo'lius (Carline-leaved). 2. Purple. July. 



Pyrenees. 1804. 



,, carlinoi'dcs (Carline-like). i. Purple. July. Pyre- 

 nees. 1784. 



colli'nus (hill). 3. Purple. July. Hungary. 1805. 

 ,, corymbo'sus (corymbose). 4. Purple. July. Naples. 



1824. 



cri'spus (curled). 2. Purple. July. Europe. 1804. 

 hamulo'sus (hooked-spined). 5. Purple. June. 



Hungary. 1802. 

 Kerne'ri (Kerner's). 2 to 3. Rose-purple. Bulgaria. 



1906. 

 lanugino'sus (woolly). 3. Purple. July. Armenia. 



1820. 

 monio'sus (mountain). 3. Purple. July. South of 



Europe. 1820. 

 myriaca'nthus (myriad-spined). Purple. July. N. 



Africa. 1836. 

 nigre'scens (blackish). 4. Purple. July. South of 



France. 1819. 

 Persona'ta (burdock). 4. Purple. July. Austria. 



1776. 

 seminu'dus (half-naked). 3. Purple. Caucasus. 



1819. 

 uncina'tus (hooked). 6. Purple. July. Tauria. 



1817. 

 Ve'rdii (Verd's). 2. Red. Spain. 1871. 



HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS. 



C. affi'nis (allied). Pink. July. Naples. 1830. 

 alpe'stris (alpine), ij. Purple. July. Croatia. 1805. 

 arctioi'des (burdock-like). 2. Purple. July. Car- 



niola. 1804. 

 Argentine (Argemone-leaved). \\. Purple. July. 



Pyrenees. 1810. 

 atriplicifo'lius (atriplex- leaved). See SERRATULA 



ATRIPLICIFOLIA. 



auro'sicus (eared). 3. Purple. July. France. 1819. 



crassifo'lius (thick-leaved). 2. Purple. July. 1805. 



deftora'tus (unflowered). 6. Red. August. Austria. 

 1570. 



du'btus (doubtful). 2. Purple. July. 1816. 



macroce'phalus (large-headed). 2. July. Numidia. 

 1827. 



mefdius (intermediate). 2. Purple. June. Pied- 

 mont. 1819. 



onopordioi' des (Onopordum-like). i. Purple. July. 



orienta'lis (eastern). See COUSINIA CARDUIFORMIS. 

 parvifldrus (small-flowered). See CNICUS PARVI- 



FLORUS. 



podaca' nthus (foot-spined). See C. AUROSICUS. 

 pycnoce'phalus (dense-headed- Italian). See C. TENUI- 



FLORUS. 

 lenuiflo'rus (slender-flowered). 4. Purple. July. 



Britain. 



CAREX. Sedges. (From keiro, I cut ; in reference 

 to the sharp, hard edges of the leaves, which cut the 

 hands when pulling them. Nat. ord. Cyperaceae.) 



All are hardy, except where otherwise mentioned. 

 They are grass-like herbs with narrow leaves, and include 

 a large number of species, but only the more ornamental 

 or useful are mentioned here. The hardy ones are of 

 easy cultivation in ordinary garden soil, but C. pendula 

 is most useful for the edges of ponds. The greenhouse 

 ones are grown chiefly for their ornamental foliage. The 

 variety known in nurseries as Carex japonica varie- 

 gata is extensively grown for market, and makes a 

 neat little plant for the small fancy pots. The ordinary 

 green form is also appreciated, although the proper name 

 is C. bninnea. It is always known in nurseries as C. 

 japonica. 

 C. ba'ccans (berried). Fruit coral red to purple. Trop. 



Asia. Greenhouse. 



&ru'nnz(Brownian). Foliage graceful. India, Japan. 

 1892. Greenhouse. 



C. bru'nnea variega'ta (variegated). Foliage plant. 



Greenhouse. 



Gra'yi (Gray's), i. Brown. July. N. Amer. 

 japo'nica (Japanese). See C. BRUNNEA. 

 Morro'wii (Morrow's), i. Brown. Japan. 

 variega'ta (variegated). Foliage plant. 

 paludo'sa (marshy). 3. Brown. June. Britain. 



Aquatic. 



variega'ta (variegated). 

 pe'ndula (drooping). 3. Brown. July. Britain. 



Aquatic. 

 ,, ripa'ria (river-bank). 3105. Brown. June. Britain. 



Aquatic. 

 ,, fczpo'sa (scaped). Brownish-red fruits. S. China. 



1887. Greenhouse. 

 ,, trista'chya( three-spiked) i. Brown or green. Japan. 



Greenhouse. 



,, Vilmori'ni (Vilmorin's). Leaves long, narrow, grace- 

 ful. New Zealand. 1897. Greenhouse. 



C A' KEY A. (Named after Dr. Carey, a celebrated 

 divine and Indian linguist, who devoted his leisure hours 

 to gardening and botany. Nat. ord. Myrtleblooms 



cuttings, and dividing the roots ; sandy loam one part, 

 to two parts fibrous peat, with pieces of charcoal, and 

 plenty of drainage, and careful watering. Summer 

 temp., 60 to 85 ; winter, 55 to 60. 

 C. arbo'rea (tree). 8. Red and yellow. 1823. 

 ,, herba'cea (herbaceous), i. Red and white. July. 



1808. Herbaceous perennial. 



sphce'rica (round-fruiiid), 3. Red. 1803. Ever- 

 green shrub. 



CA RICA. Papaw-tree. (Named from an erroneous 

 idea that it was a native of Caria. Nat. ord. Papayads 

 [Passifloraceae]. Linn. 22-Dicecia, g-Decandria.) 



One of the tropical fruits grown in our stoves, more 

 for curiosity than for use. The Papaw fruit (C. Papa' y a) 

 is eaten, when cooked, in some parts of South America, 

 but not much esteemed by Europeans. Stove trees ; 

 cuttings of ripe shoots in sandy soil, in close case, with 

 bottom-heat, and in sweet, rich, loamy soil. Summer 

 temp., 60 to 85 ; winter, 50 to 60. 

 C. auranti'aca (orange). Colombia. 1873. 

 ,, candamarce'nsis (Candamarcan). 6. Green. Fruit 



yellow. Ecuador. 1874. 

 ,, cauliflo'ra (stem-flowering). 20. Green. Caraccas. 



1806. 

 citrifo'rmis (orange- formed). 20. Yellowish. Lima, 



1820. 

 cundinamarce'nsis (Cundinamarcan). See C. CANDA- 



MARCENSIS. 



erythroca'rpa (red- fruited). 4. White. Ecuador. 1871. 

 grdcilis (graceful). 6. Colombia. 1879. 

 ,, hastafo'lia (halbert-leaved). See C. QUERCIFOLIA. 

 microcdrpa monoi'ca (small-fruited-moncecious). 20. 



Whitish-green. 1818. 

 ,, Papa'ya (common papaw). 20. Green. July. Trop. 



Amer. 1690. 



,, Poso'pora (Posopora). 20. Pinkish. Peru. 1823. 

 pyrifo'rmis (pear-shaped). See C. POSOPORA. 

 ,, quercifo'lia (oak-leaved). S. Amer. 

 senega' mbica (Senegambic). 



,, spino'sa (prickly). 20. Whitish-green. Guiana. 

 1821. 



CARICATURE PLANT. Grahtophy'llum horte'nse. 



CARISSA. (The derivation is not ascertained; but 

 krishna-pakphula is the Sanscrit name of C. Cara'ndas. 

 Nat. ord. a section of Dogbanes [Apocynaceae]. Linn. 

 5-Pentandria, i-Monogynia.) 



The milky juice of this and others in this order of 

 Dogbanes is manufactured into india-rubber. The fruit 

 of C. Cara'ndas furnishes a substitute for red-currant 

 jelly. That of C. grandiftora is used for making jam, 

 tarts, &c., in South Africa. Stove trees and shrubs ; 

 cuttings of ripe wood in sand, under a glass, in bottom- 

 heat ; peat and loam. Summer temp., 60 to 85 ; 

 winter, 50* to 55. 

 C. acumina'ta (pointed-leaved). White. S. Africa. 



Ardui'na (Arduina). 2. White. June. S. Africa. 

 1760. 



