CERATIOLA 



195 



CERCESTIS 



in the rest season, with soft-soap water, six ounces to a 

 gallon, adding plenty of lime, soot, and sulphur. When 

 the aphides attack the young shoots in summer, there is 

 no better plan than to dip each in a bowl of tobacco- 

 water just before they are trained. 



Winter Pruning of Standards. Very little is requisite 

 with standards. Like all other fruit-trees, they are apt 

 to produce an inconvenient amount of young spray, in 

 the interior of the tree especially. All shoots of this 

 character should be dressed away during the rest season, 

 and all that are obviously not placed in a position to 

 receive the influence of light and air. Most of these 

 must be spurred back, leaving a couple of inches of the 

 base, which generally becomes a nucleus of spurs ; and, 

 although not well placed to produce fruit of the highest 

 amount of flavour, yet they are sometimes of importance 

 in inclement seasons ; for we not unfrequently find a 

 sprinkling of fruit in such situations, when all round 

 the outside is barren. Orchard cherry-trees, which have 

 to receive nets occasionally, will, as strength increases, 

 require the removal of some of the coarsest and most 

 unyielding shoots ; for, were they permitted to extend 

 themselves without control, the amount of netting re- 

 quired to cover them would become a rather serious 

 item, and a drawback on their culture. Such unruly 

 shoots, therefore, should be timely removed ; for ampu- 

 tations of the large limbs should always be avoided in 

 the cherry, and, indeed, in all trees liable to extravasa- 

 tion of sap. By a timely removal of such shoots, and 

 by the occasional use of rope-yarn, or other fastenings, 

 the tree may be kept in a somewhat compact form. 



CERATIOLA. (From a diminutive of keras, a horn ; 

 in reference to the stigma radiating into four divisions 

 like little horns, as in the Carnation. Nat. ord. Crowberries 

 [Empetraceae]. Linn. 2i-Monoecia, i-Monandria.) 



The Crowberries are a small group of little bushes, 

 with heath-like leaves, which are evergreen. The most 

 of them inhabit the bleak and inhospitable regions both 

 in Europe and in North America. Half-hardy under- 

 shrub. Cuttings in sandy soil, under a glass, in a mild 

 bottom-heat. Sandy peat, and a little very fibrous 

 loam. Winter temp., 40 to 48. 



C. ericoi'des (heath-like). 2. Brown. June. N. Amer. 

 1826. 



CERATOCHTLUS OF LINDLEY. See STANHOPEA. 

 CERATODA CTYLIS OSMUNDIOI'DES. See LLAVEA 



CORDIFOLIA. 



CERATO LOBUS. (From keras, a horn, and lobos, a 

 pod ; in allusion to the spathe which is horned and re- 

 sembles a pod. Nat. ord. Palmaceae. For culture, see 

 PALMS.) 

 C. co'ncolor (one-coloured). Leaves green beneath. 



Sumatra. 1905. 

 findlaya'nus (Findlayan). 

 glauce'scens (sea-green). Leaves i to a. ft. long. 



J ava. Good table plant. 



micholitzia'nus (Micholitzian). Stem and leaves 

 spiny. 1898. 



CERATO NLA. Carob-tree. (From keras, a horn ; in 

 reference to the shape of the seed-pods. Nat. ord. 

 Leguminous Plants [Leguminosae]. Linn. 2^-Polygamia, 

 2-Dicecia. Allied to Gleditschia.) 



This is believed to be the Locust-tree of Scripture. 

 " The dry pulp in which the seeds are buried is very 

 nutritious, and is supposed to have been the food of 

 St. John in the wilderness ; wherefore it is called the 

 Locust-tree, and St. John's Bread." Lindley. The North 

 American Locust-tree, and the Locust-tree of the West 

 Indies, are different from each other, and from the 

 Locust-tree of Scripture. Greenhouse tree hardly worth 

 culture. Cuttings of ripe shoots in sand, under a hand- 

 glass. Sandy loam. 



C. Si'liqua (podded). 13. Red, yellow. September. 

 Levant. 1570. 



CERATOPE TALUM. Red Gum-tree. (From keras, 

 a horn, and petalon, a petal ; the petals being jagged, 

 or like a stag's horn. Nat. ord. Saxifragaceae. Linn. 

 lO-Decandria, i-Monogynia.) 



Greenhouse trees. Cuttings under a bell-glass, in sand ; 

 rich, sandy loam. Summer temp., 55 to 75 ; winter, 

 35 to 45. 



C. ape'talum (without petals). 50 to 60. Greenish- 

 yellow. Australia. 



gummi'ferum (gum-bearing). 50. Yellow. N. Hol- 

 land. 1820. 



CERATO'PTERIS. (Derived from keras, a horn, and 

 pteris, a fern. Nat. ord. Ferns or Filices.) 



This is a stove aquatic, and sometimes called the 

 Water Fern or Floating Stag's-horn Fern. It is biennial 

 and requires to be grown in a pot plunged in the warm 

 water of a Water Lily tank. Spores are freely produced 

 and young plants readily spring up, if the pots are plunged 

 in warm water, nearly to the rim, in February. 



C. thalictroi'dts (Thalictrum-like). 2. Tropics. 

 ,, pteroi'des (fern-like). Capsule without a ring. 



CERATOSTE MA. (From keras, a horn, and sterna, a 

 stamen. Nat. ord. Cranberries [Vacciniaceae]. Linn. 

 io-Decandria, i-Afonogynta. Allied to Thibaudia and 

 Cavcndishia.) 



Stove plants. Divisions ; layers. Peaty soil. 



C. corona'rium (garland). See THEMISTOCLESIA CORO- 



NILLA. 



longifto'rum (long-flowered). Crimson. Peru. 1846. 

 specio'sum (showy). Orange-red. Ecuador. 1870. 



CERATOSTTGMA. (From keras, a horn, and stigma; 

 in allusion to the horn-like branches of the style, that 

 is the stigmas. Nat. ord. Plumbaginaceae.) 



Hardy, herbaceous plants of dwarf habit, most suit- 

 able for the rockery. Divisions, and cuttings under a 

 hand-light or in a cold frame during July and August. 

 Well-drained garden soil. 



C. plumbaginoi'des (Plumbago-like). Indigo-blue. Sep- 

 tember. China. 1845. 



Polhi'lli (Polhill's). Pale sky-blue. Western China. 

 1901. 



CERATOTHE'CA. (Derived from keras, a horn, and 

 theke, seed vessel. Nat. ord. Pedalinaceae.) 



A half-hardy annual. Seeds. Well-drained, light 

 garden soil. 



C. tri'loba (three-lobed). Mauve and purple. S. Africa. 

 1887. 



CERATOZA'MIA. (Derived from keras, a horn, and 

 Zamia. Nat. ord. Cycadaceae.) 



Stove plants requiring treatment similar to Zamia. 

 They are distinguished from the latter by two horns on 

 the scales of the cones. Seeds and sometimes by suckers. 

 Loam and peat or leaf-mould and sand. 

 C. fu'sco-vi'ridis (brown-green). See C. MEXICAN A. 

 kuesteria'na (Kuesterian). Mexico. 

 mexica'na (Mexican). Mexico. 



miquelia'na (Miquelian). Pinnae 6 in. to 12 in. long. 

 Mexico. 



CTTRBERA. (Named after the fabled dog, Cerberus. 

 Nat. ord. Dogbanes [Apocynaceae]. Linn. $-Pentandria, 

 i-Monogynia. Allied to Plumiera.) 



Stove evergreens. Cuttings of young, rather ripe 

 shoots, in April, in sand, under a glass, and in bottom- 

 heat. Rich, fibrous loam. Summer temp., 60 to 80 ; 

 winter, 48 to 55. 

 C. Ahou'ai (Ahouai). See THEVETIA AHOUAI. 



borbo'nica (Bourbon). See OCHROSIA BORBONICA. 



dicho'toma (forked). See TABERN^MONTANA DICHO 



TOMA. 



frutico'sa (shrubby). See KOPSIA FRUTICOSA. 



lacta'ria (milky). See C. ODOLLAM. 



laurifo'lia (laurel- leaved). See C. ODOLLAM. 



macula'ta (spotted). See OCHROSIA BORBONICA. 



Manghas (Manghas). See C. ODOLLAM. 



Odo'llam (Odollam). 20. White. August. India. 



1756. 



ova'ta (egg-leaved). See THEVETIA OVATA. 

 Ta'nghin (Tanghin). 30. Pink. May. Madagascar. 



1826. " Tanghin Poison." 



Theve'tia (Thevetia). See THEVETIA NEREIFOLIA. 

 thevetioi'des (Thevetia-like). See THEVETIA YCCOTLI. 

 ,, veneni'fera (poison-bearing). See C. TANGHIN. 



CERCE'STIS. (From keras, a horn, and kestos, stitched. 

 Nat. ord. Araceae.) 



Evergreen stove climber, rooting at the joints. Cut- 



