CHEIRANTHERA 



203 



CHELONE 



during November, and until the end of January. Their 

 upper wings, when opened, measure across about one 

 inch and a quarter ; but, during the day, they look 

 much smaller, for they fold them so as to form a tri- 

 angle, and have their feelers or horns (antenna?) turned 

 back over them. Those wings are pale grey, marked 

 with various darker-waved lines. The under-wings are 

 greyish-white, often having a notched line crossing their 

 centre. The body, delicate and tapering, is yellowish- 

 grey. The female crawls to the top of a tree, and de- 

 posits her very small, oval eggs upon the blossom and 

 leaf-buds, as well as upon the shoots. She will lay 

 from 200 to 300 eggs. The caterpillars and the buds 

 come to life together. At first they are grey, and 

 scarcely thicker than a horsehair ; but they cast their 

 skins, a"nd finally become the green-looper, of a yellowish- 

 green colour, shining, and with a blue line down the 

 back. On their sides are two yellowish-white lines. 

 The apple-buds are their favourite food ; but they de- 

 stroy, without difficulty, the leaves of the hawthorn, 

 lime, hazel, rose, elm, willow, and hornbean. (The 

 Cottage Gardener, i. 53.) The caterpillar descends into 

 the earth, and becomes a chrysalis about the end of May. 



CHEIR ANTHE'RA. (From cheir, the hand, and 

 antheros, flowery. Nat. ord. Pittosporaceae.) 



Greenhouse shrubs requiring similar treatment to 

 Pittosporum. 



C. linea'ris (linear). Blue. November. Australia. 1822. 

 parviflo'ra (small-flowered). Purple. W. Australia. 

 Twiner. 



CHEIRA'NTHUS. Wallflower. (From cheir, the 

 hand, and anthos, a flower ; in reference to the custom 

 of carrying the wallflower in the hand for a nosegay. 

 Nat. ord. Crucifers [Crucifera?]. Linn. i$-Tetr adynamia.) 

 Half-hardy evergreen under-shrubs, except where 

 otherwise specified. Seeds and cuttings under a hand- 

 light, in May or June, of particular varieties, and double- 

 flowering especially. Most of the finer kinds will like 

 the protection of a pit in winter, and may be employed 

 for early blooming in the greenhouse. When left out of 

 doors, a protection of a few evergreen boughs should be 

 given them ; herbaceous kinds by division. A light, 

 rich, sandy soil suits them best ; but even the tenderer 

 species survive the winter on rock-work. 

 C. Allio'nii (Allioni's). I. Orange. Gardens. 

 alpi'nus (alpine). J. Yellow. May. Scandinavia. 



1810. 



arbo'reus (tree). 3. Yellow. May. Egypt. 1827. 

 a'sper (rough). Yellow. June. N.W. Amer. 1826. 



Hardy herbaceous perennial. 

 capita 'tus (round-headed). See C. ASPER. 

 Chei'ri (Cheiri. Common Wallflower). 2. Pale 



yellow. May. S. Europe. 1573. 

 ferrugi'neus (rusty-flowered). 2. Brown. May. 



S. Europe. 1573. 

 flave'scens (yellowish). 2. Yellow. May. S. 



Europe. 1573. 



t flo're-ple'no (double-flowered). 2. Yellow. May. 

 grandiflo'rus (large-flowered). 2. Yellow. May. 

 S. Europe. 1573. 



B,, hezma'nthus (douW^-bloody-flowered). 2. Crim- 

 son. May. S. Europe. 1573. 

 hama'nthus-variega'tus (variegated-bloody). 2. 

 Crimson. June. S. Europe. 

 ma'ximus (largest). 2. Yellow. May. S. Europe. 



1573. 



pa'tulus (double-spreading). 2. Yellow. May. 

 S. Europe. 1573. 



purpu'reus (purple- flowered). 2. Purple. June. 

 S. Europe. 



purpu' reus-variega' tus (variegated-purple). 2. 

 Purple. June. S. Europe. 



sangui'neus (bloody). 2. Dark brown. May. 

 serra'tus (saw-edged- flowered) . 2. Yellow. May. 

 S. Europe. 1573. 

 ,, thyrsofdes (tbyrse-flowered). a. 

 S. Europe. 1573. 



vo'rius (various-coloured). 2. Variegated. 

 S. Europe. 1573. 



fi'rmus (firm). See ERYSIMUM VIRGATUM. 

 fruticulo'sus (small-shrubby). See C. CHEIRI. 

 kewe'nsis (Kew). Yellow, buff, purple. Secondary 

 hybrid between C. Cheiri and C. mutobtiis. 1904. 



Blood. May. 

 May. 



C. linifo'lius (flax-leaved). See ERYSIMUM LINIFOLIOM. 

 Marsha' llii (Marshall's), ij. Orange. June. Sup- 

 posed garden hybrid. 1850. 

 Menzie'sii (Menzie's). N.W. Amer. 

 muta'bilis (changeable). 3. Yellow, purple. April. 



Madeira. 1777. 

 longifo'lius (long-leaved). 3. White, purple. 



September. Madeira. 1815. 



ochroleu'cus (pale yellow). }. Pale yellow. April. 



Switzerland. 1822. Hardy herbaceous perennial. 



scopa'rius (broom). 3. White, purple. June. Tene- 



riffe. 1812. 

 ,, tentgino'sus (rusty). 3. Rusty. June. Teneriffe. 



1812. 

 Chamee'leo (Chamaeleon). 3. Yellow, purple. 



June. Teneriffe. 1812. 

 semperflo'rens (ever-blooming). 2. White. Barbary. 



1815. 

 ,, frute'scens (shrubby). 2. White. May. Teneriffe. 



1815. 

 tenuifo'lius (slender-leaved). 2. Yellow. June. 



Madeira. 1777. 



CHEIROSTETMON. Hand-plant. (From cheir, the 

 hand, and stemon, a stamen ; in reference to the forma- 

 tion of the stamens and style. They issue in a central 

 column, bearing five curved anthers and a curved style 

 in the middle, having much resemblance to a hand with 

 long claws. Nat. ord. Sterculiads [Sterculiaceas]. Linn. 

 i6-Monadelphia, 6-Decandria.) 



Stove tree. Cuttings of rather firm shoots in sandy 

 peat, under a glass, and in bottom-heat. Sandy loam 

 and fibrous peat. Summer temp., 60 to 80 ; whiter, 

 48 to 55. 

 C. platanoi'des (plane-tree-like). 30. Mexico. 1820. 



CHEIRO'STYLIS. (Derived from cheir, the hand, and 

 stu'los, a style. Nat. ord. Orchidaceae.) 

 Warm stove Orchids for pot culture. 

 C. grandiflo'ra (large-flowered). Pink, white. New 



Guinea. 1861. 



marmora'ta (marbled). See DOSSINIA MARMORATA. 

 monta'na (mountain). Java. 1861. 

 parvifo'lia (small-leaved). White. September. 



Ceylon. 1839. 



CHELIDO'NIUM. Celandine. (From chelidon, a 

 swallow ; alluding to the flowers opening on the arrival 

 of that bird, and to the plant drying up on its departure. 

 Nat. ord. Poppyworts [Papaveraceae]. Linn. i$-Poly- 

 andria, i-Monogynia.) 



The yellow juice of the common Celandine (C. ma' jus) 

 is said to be a violent acrid poison, and a popular remedy 

 for warts. Hardy herbaceous perennials. Division. 

 Common garden-soil. 



C. franchetia'num (Franchetian). i. Yellow. China. 

 grandiflo'rum (large-flowered). See C. MAJUS GRANDI- 



FLORUM. 

 lacinia'tum (jagged-leaved). See C. MAJUS LACINIA- 



TUM. 



lepto'podum (slender-stalked). Yellow. China. 1898. 

 ma'jus (greater). 2. Yellow. May. Europe. 

 flo're-ple'no (large-double-flowered). 2. Yellow. 



September. Gardens. 

 grandiflo'rum (large-flowered). 

 lacinia'tum( jagged-leaved). Leaves much divided. 



CHELO'NE. ( From chehne, a tortoise ; the back of 

 the helmet of the flower being fancifully compared to a 

 tortoise. Nat. ord. Figworts [Scrophulariaceae]. Linn. 

 n-Didynamia, 2-Angiospermia. Allied to Pentstemon.) 



Hardy herbaceous perennials, except where otherwise 

 specified. Division of the roots, and cuttings of the 

 young shoots under a hand-glass, in April or May ; also 

 by seeds. Sandy loam, and if a little leaf-mould is 

 added, all the better. 

 C. atropurpu'rea (dark purple). See PENTSTEMON CAM- 



PANULATUS. 



,, barba'ta (bearded). See PENTSTEMON BARBATUS. 

 campanuloi'des (Campanula-like). See PENTSTEMON 



CAMPANULATUS. 



centranthifo'lia (centranthus-leaved). See PENTSTE- 

 MON CENTRANTHIFOLIUS. 



cheilanthifo'lia (Cheilanthus-leaved). See PENTSTE- 

 MON CENTRANTHIFOLIUS. 



Digita'lis (Digitalis). See PENTSTEMON I^EVIGATUS. 



