CINERARIA 



212 



CINNAMOMUM 



C. loba'ta (lobed). 3. Yellow. July. Cape of Good 



Hope. 1774- 

 malvafo'lia (mallow-leaved). See SENECIO MALVJE- 



FOLIUS. 



multiflo'ra (many-flowered). See SENECIO MULTI- 



FLORUS. 

 othonnoi'des (Othonna-like). i. Yellow. July. S. 



Africa. 1823. 

 ,, penta'ctina (five-rayed). Golden yellow. S. Africa ? 



1901. 



Petasi'tis (butterbw-leaved) . See SENECIO PETASITIS. 

 populifo'lia (poplar-leaved). See SENECIO POPULI- 



FOLIUS. 



prce'cox (early). See SENECIO PR^ECOX. 

 pulche'lla (neat). 2. Purple. February. Canaries. 



1818. 



,, purpura'ta (purple). Purple. June. S. Africa. 1816. 

 salicifo'lia (willow-leaved). See SENECIO SALIGNUS. 

 ,, scapiflo'ra (scape-flowered). See SENECIO POLY- 



MORPHUS. 

 tussilaginoi' 'des (coltsfoot-like). See SENECIO Tussi- 



LAGINIS. 



vesti'ta (clothed). See OTHONNA VESTITA. 

 visco'sa (clammy). 2. Yellow. July. Cape of Good 

 Hope. 1774. Biennial. 



HARDY HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS. 



C. alpe'stris (alpine). See SENECIO ALPESTRIS. 

 alpi'na (alpine). See SENECIO ALPINUS. 

 auranti'aca (orange). See SENECIO PALUSTRIS AURAN- 



TIACUS. 



au'rea (golden). See SENECIO AURATUS. 

 auricula' ta (small-eared). See SENECIO RACEMOSUS. 

 campe'stris (wild). See SENECIO CAMPESTRIS. 

 canade'nsis (Canadian). See SENECIO CINERARIA. 

 crassifo'lia (thick-leaved), i. Yellow. July. Carin- 



thia. 1827. 



cri'spa (curled). See SENECIO CRISPATUS. 

 fla'mmea (flame-coloured). See SENECIO FLAMMEUS. 

 ,, gigante'a (gigantic). See SENECIO SMITHII. 

 integrifo'lia (entire-leaved). See SENECIO CAMPESTRIS. 

 Iceviga'ta (smooth-leaved), i. Yellow. July. Siberia. 



1819. 

 longifo'lia (long-leaved). See SENECIO BRACHY- 



CH^TUS. 



macrophy'lla (large-leaved). See SENECIO LEDE- 



BOURII. 



mari'tima (sea. Ragwort). See SENECIO CINERARIA. 

 palu'stris (marsh). See SENECIO PALUSTRIS. 

 pappo'sa (downy-crowned). See SENECIO PAPPOSUS. 

 parviflo'ra (small-flowered). See C. CANESCENS. 

 racemo'sa (racemed). See SENECIO KACEMOSUS. 

 renifo'lia (kidney-leaved). See SENECIO RENIFOLIUS. 

 rivula'ris (rivulet). See SENECIO CRISPATUS. 

 ,, Saxi'fraga. S. Africa. 



sibi'rica (Siberian). See SENECIO LIGULARIA. 

 spathulcefo'lia (spathulate-leaved). See SENECIO SPA- 



THUL.EFOLIUS. 



specio'sa (showy). See SENECIO LIGULARIA. 



sude"tica (Swiss). See SENECIO CRISPATUS. 



thyrsoi'dea (thyrse-formed). See SENECIO SIBIRICUS. 



CINERA'RIA as a Florisfs Flower. The immense 

 varieties of this flower seem to be the offspring, by 

 various crosses, of Sene'cio crue'ntus, malvcefo'lius, 

 lana'tus, populifo'lius, and probably some others. 



Propagation by Offsets. When a Cineraria has done 

 blooming, remove it from the greenhouse, cut down the 

 old flower-stems (excepting such as are intended to save 

 seed from), place the pots out of doors, upon a bed of 

 coal- ashes, in an open situation. Give water moderately 

 in dry weather ; and, as soon as the offsets appear, 

 and have attained a leaf or two, take them off with a 

 sharp knife, with the roots uninjured ; plant them in 

 small pots, and place them in a cold frame, shading 

 them from the light for a fortnight, and from bright 

 sunshine for another week. They will then be well 

 rooted, and will require a pot a size larger. Very few 

 are now grown from offsets, except it may be a few 

 special varieties selected for seeding from. 



By Seed. Sow the seed as soon as it is ripe in shallow, 

 wide pots, in light, fine soil, and slightly covered. As 

 soon as the seedlings have formed two or three leaves, 

 prick them out into the same kind of pots, in a some- 

 what richer soil. They may remain in these pots till 



they have made some more leaves and fresh roots ; then 

 pot them off singly into small pots, shading for a few 

 days. Afterwards, and at the proper time, re-pot them 

 in the same manner as the offsets. 



Soil. The offsets and seedlings having attained the 

 proper size for potting into larger pots, prepare for that 

 operation by mixing and bringing, in a moderately dry 

 state, to the potting-bench, the following compost : 

 Turfy loam, from an upland pasture, two parts ; decayed 

 leaves, two years old, one part ; very rotten cowdung, 

 half a part ; and a small addition of river-sand. Pre- 

 pare, also, a sufficient quantity of broken potsherds, of 

 two sizes ; one as large as walnuts, and the other about 

 the size of peas. Have, also, a sufficient number of either 

 new or clean-washed pots, two sizes larger than the 

 plants are in. You are then ready for the operation 

 of potting. 



Winter Culture. By the time the plants, whether off- 

 sets or seedlings, are ready for re-potting out of their 

 first-size pots, cold nights will have begun to take place, 

 which brings the time of culture under this head. Bring 

 the plants on to the potting-bench ; prepare a pot by 

 placing a large piece of potsherd over the hole at the 

 bottom of the pot, then a layer of the larger size, and a 

 second layer of the smallest size ; place a thin layer of 

 the rougher parts of the compost upon them, and as 

 much soil as will be required to keep the plant just level 

 with the rim of the pot ; set the plant in the pot, and fill 

 round it with the compost, pressing it gently down. Be 

 careful not to break the leaves, as they are very brittle 

 and tender. When the pot is quite full, give it a gentle 

 knock upon the bench, to finally settle the soil. When 

 all are finished, give a gentle watering, and place them 

 in a cold frame ; shade them if they flag from the sun, 

 and water when necessary. The Cineraria is a very 

 fast-rooting plant, and they will soon require another 

 shift. To know when they require it, turn a plant care- 

 fully out of its pot, and if the roots have reached the 

 sides of the pots, and through the drainage, re-pot 

 again immediately ; for, if the roots once become closely 

 matted, the plants will be crippled in their growth. The 

 grand object is to keep them growing freely till they 

 make large, broad-leaved plants, in eight-inch pots, 

 before they begin to show their flower-stems. For 

 market good plants are grown in five-inch pots. Keep 

 them in the cool greenhouse where sufficient heat can be 

 given to keep out frost. They may be kept in pits 

 through the winter, but it entails much trouble, as they 

 are easily killed by a few degrees of frost. Pick off all 

 decaying leaves, should any appear ; and only water 

 when absolutely necessary. They grow, and keep 

 healthy, much better in such a situation than in a green- 

 house. 



Summer Culture. As soon as the warm, mild days 

 of spring arrive, give the plants their last shift, and, if 

 desirable, remove them into the greenhouse at once, 

 placing them as near the glass as possible. The flower- 

 stems will now be advancing rapidly. 



Insects. The great pest of the Cineraria is the green 

 fly ; but it may be easily got rid of by smoking with 

 tobacco. Yet it must be carefully applied, as there is 

 no plant so susceptible of injury from a too strong dose 

 of this smoke. Sometimes the red spider makes its 

 appearance ; and when it does, it will be necessary to 

 dust the leaves with sulphur, which, though it will not 

 kill him, prevents his feeding, and thus starves him to 

 death. 



Diseases. These plants, like all other highly culti- 

 vated ones with soft wood, are subject to go off just on 

 the surface of the soil. The only preventive is plenty 

 of fresh, sweet air, and a judicious application of water, 

 especially during the early part of the year. 



CINNAMODE'NDRON. (Derived from Cinnamomum, 

 and dendron, a tree ; as it resembles a cinnamon-tree. 

 Nat. ord. Canellacea?.) 



Stove tree, requiring similar treatment to Canella 

 alba. Its bark is used as an aromatic stimulant. Fibrous 

 loam, a little peat and sand. 

 C. cortico'sum (corky). 50. Red. W. Ind. 1860. 



CINNAMO'MUM. Cinnamon. (From the Arabic 

 name, kinamon. Nat. ord. Laurels [Lauraceae]. Linn. 

 g-Enneandria, i-Monogynia.) 



Cassia Bark is obtained from nearly all the species of 



