CONOTHAMNUS 



235 



CONVOLVULUS 



Divisions ; sandy loam. Summer temp., 55 to 75 ; 



winter, 40 to 45. 



C. aculea'ta (prickly), r. 1820. 



america'na (American). See LOPHIOLA AUREA. 



au'rea (golden-flowered). Yellow. 



,, dealba'ta (mealy-stemmed). 



,, srrrula'ta (fine-saw-edged). 1824. 

 .. gera (bristle-bearing). 1825. 



,, seto'sa (bristly). Yellow. September. 1843. 



CONOTHA MNUS. (From konos, a cone, and thamnos, 

 a shrub ; from the form of the shrubs. Nat. ord. 

 Myrllcblooms [Myrtaceae]. Linn. i&-Polyadelphia, 2- 

 Polyandria.) 



Greenhouse evergreen shrubs, from Swan River. 

 Cuttings of young firm shoots in sand, under a bell- 

 glass. For culture, see CALOTHA'MNUS. 

 C. erioca'rpus (woolly-fruited). See CALOTHAMNUS 



SANGUINEUS. 



., latera'lis (spreading). See CALOTHAMNUS LATERALIS. 

 ,, trine'rvis (three-nerved). Red. June. 1840. 



CONRA'DIA. (Named after Conrad Gesner, a 

 botanist of Zurich. Nat. ord. Gesnerworts [Gesneracese]. 

 Linn. i.\-Didynamia, -z-Angiospermia. Allied to Glox- 

 inia.) 



Stove evergreen shrubs. Cuttings of ripe shoots 

 under a glass, in bottom-heat ; loam, sand, and peat. 

 Common temperature of stove. 

 C. caly'cina (large-calyxed). See PENTARHAPHIA CALY- 



CINA. 



calyco'sa (large-calyxed). See PENTARHAPHIA CALY- 



COSA. 

 floribu'nda (many-flowered). See PENTARHAPHIA 



LIBANENSIS. 



longiflo'ra (long-flowered). ij. June. Jamaica. 



1823. 

 ,, sca'bra (rough). 2. Scarlet. July. Jamaica. 1820. 



CONRI'NGIA. (Derivation not clear. Nat. ord. 

 Cruciferae.) 



Hardy annual. Seeds. Ordinary garden soil. 

 C. orienta'lis (oriental). i. White. May. Europe. 

 1818. 



CONSERVATIVE WALLS. See WALLS. 



CONSERVATORY is often used synonymously with 

 Greenhouse, and then it denotes a suitable structure for 

 the cultivation of those exotic plants which are just too 

 tender for our climate, yet do not require the hot tem- 

 peratures of plant-stoves, orchid-houses, &c., which 

 are set apart chiefly for plants from the tropical regions. 

 With the greenhouse should be associated the idea of 

 plants cultivated in pots or boxes ; but with conser- 

 vatory we would associate the idea of plants growing 

 in suitable soil, without at least the apparent interven- 

 tion of pots and boxes, and the structure connected with 

 the residence. To keep up the interest of such places, 

 it is necessary that plants in bloom should be introduced ; 

 but in every case the pot should be plunged, so that the 

 plant may appear to be growing in the soil. We would 

 only make one exception in the case of very small 

 ornamental plants, or even those not so very small, but 

 to which particular attention is wished to be directed. 

 We would elevate them in groups into ornamental vases 

 or baskets, for which suitable places should be formed, 

 and which would be quite as much in harmony in such 

 a place as in ornamenting a regular geometrical flower- 

 garden. For several reasons, therefore, the planting 

 out in conservatory fashion should not be attempted, 

 except with cumbers for the rafters, where the space is 

 but limited, as a few plants, however beautiful at times, 

 when seen every day all the year round in the same 

 position, lose, to a certain extent, the power of pleasing. 

 The having the plants in large pots or tubs would enable 

 you at any time to effect fresh combinations. Where 

 the range of glass is varied and extensive, though the 

 plants be chiefly turned out in the soil, the same feeling 

 of sameness is not engendered, as the owner may easily 

 enter his house at different points ; and in such circum- 

 stances the very number of objects will constitute 

 variety. 



Unity of expression is, to a certain extent, maintained 

 by a mixture of the two modes, the centre of the house 

 being supplied with plants that are really turned out. or 



which, brought for a temporary purpose, appear to be 

 so, while all round the house there is a broad shelf for 

 the accommodation of plants in pots. In saying " all 

 round the house," we are, of course, alluding to houses 

 that have glass on all sides. Where there is an opaque 

 back wall, the shelf could be only at the front and ends. 

 However desirable it is to have light on all sides, where 

 expense for heating in winter is no great object, yet 

 very pleasing effects are produced, even in lean-to roofs, 

 where a little attention is paid to unity of idea. This 

 has been strikingly exemplified in the range of plant- 

 houses at the Duke of Devonshire's, at Chiswick, most 

 of which, with the exception of the centre, the old con- 

 servatory, formerly consisted of lean-to forcing-houses. 

 The heating medium, to be most effectual, should be 

 above-ground ; but, to save room, the flues or pipes 

 may be beneath the pathways, which will also be of 

 importance for keeping the soil in the beds in a nice 

 warm condition, and in such a house will render the 

 flowering of many of the hardier stove climbers a matter 

 of certainty. The more modern conservatory may 

 have some climbers, or large plants put into the ground, 

 but taking it generally, it is what may be termed a show- 

 house ; plants are taken from various quarters as they 

 come into flower. The conservatory is usually attached 

 to the house, and has generally an entrance from the 

 drawing-room. Plants from the stove and from the 

 ordinary greenhouse may be introduced, but tender 

 plants should only remain a short time ; even hardy plants 

 may be introduced during their flowering season, but 

 they should be arranged together in the coldest part of 

 the 'house. 



CONTRAJE'RVA ROOT. DorstSnia Contraje'rva. 



CONVALLA'RIA. Lily of the Valley. (From the 

 Latin convallis, a valley, and rica, a mantle ; in re- 

 ference to the dense covering formed by the leaves. 

 Nat. ord. Lilyworts [Liliaceae]. Linn. 6-Hexandria, 

 i-Monogynia.) 



Hardy herbaceous perennial, native of Britain. 

 Divisions ; common soil, shady situation. See LILY OF 

 THE VALLEY and RETARDED PLANTS. 

 C. maja'lis (May), x. White. May. 

 flo're-ple'no (double-flowered), i. White. May. 

 ru'bra (red). I. Flesh. May. 

 ,, proli'ficans (proliferous). Flowers deeply divided 



and abnormal. 



variega'ta (variegated). Leaves striped with 

 yellow. 



CONVO'LVULUS. Bindweed. (From convolve, to 

 entwine ; in reference to their twining habit. Nat. ord. 

 Bindweeds [Convolvulaceae]. Linn. $-Pentandria, i- 

 Monogynia.) 



The roots of most of the plants in this order abound 

 in a milky juice, which is acrid, and hi some cases highly 

 purgative, as the J alap and Scammony plants. Cuttings, 

 divisions, and seeds of perennials, and seeds of annuals ; 

 loam, leaf-mould, and manure for the greenhouse and 

 stove species, and common soil for the hardy. Seeds of 

 hardy, sown in open border, in March or April, or in 

 hotbed for those which need protection. 



HARDY ANNUALS. 



C. elonga'tus (long- flower-stalked), i. White. July. 



Canaries. 1815. Twiner. 

 Forska'lei (Forskale's). See C. TENUISSIMUS. 

 pentapetaloi'des (five-petaled). i. Light blue. July. 



Majorca. 1789. Trailer. 

 st'culus (Sicilian). 2. Light blue. July. S. 



Europe. 1640. Trailer. 

 ,, stri'ctus (straight). See C. UNDULATUS. 

 ,. tene'llus (delicate). See BREWERIA HUMISTRATA. 

 ., tricolor (three-coloured). 3. Striped. July. S. 



Europe. 1629. 

 albiflo'rus (white-flowered). i. White. July 



S. Europe. 1629. 

 ,. vndula'tus (waved-leaved.) White, red. June. 



S. Europe, N. Africa. 1816. 



TENDER ANNUALS. 



C. bi'color (two-coloured). See IPOMCEA PILOSA. 

 erube'scens (blushing). 6. Pink. July. N.S. Wales. 

 1803. Greenhouse biennial. 



