CYCLAMEN 



266 



CYCNOCHES 



C. littora'le (shore-inhabiting). 1. Deep rose. Lake of 



Como. 1845. 



,, ntacrophy'llum (large-leaved). See C. AFRICANUM. 

 mari'timum (maritime). Pale rose, carmine base. 



September. S. Asia Minor. 1908. 

 Meliaraki'sii (Meliarakis's). See C. GR^EGUM. 

 neapolita'num (Neapolitan). J-. Red. April. Italy. 



1824. 

 ,, pu'nicum (Punic). White and red base. Fragrant. 



Tunis. 1907. 

 pseu'do-grcR'cum (false-Grecian). Pale rosy white. 



Crete. 1906. 

 ,, pseu'd-ibe'ricum (false-iberian). Violet-red, pure 



white, violet. 1901. 



,, pseu' do-mari' timum (false maritime). Corolla seg- 

 ments long, pointed. S. Asia Minor. 1908. 

 , pyrena'icum (Pyrenean). See C. NEAPOLITANUM. 

 ,, repa'ndum (scolloped). Rose-red, and bright purple 



base. Spring. S. Europe. 1816. 

 , tau'ricum (Taurian). Pure white. Probably an 



alpine form of C. europczum. Taurus. 1892. 

 verna'le (vernal). See C. IBERICUM. 

 ve'rnum (spring). See C. IBERICUM. 



GREENHOUSE. 



C. latifo'lium (broad-leaved). White, with red base. 



February. Asia Minor, Cyprus. 1731. 

 ,. albiflo'rum (white-flowered). White. Cyprus. 



I73i. 

 inodo'rum (scentless). Red, white. Cyprus. 



1731. 



,. lacinia'tum (jagged-petaled). Red, white. April. 

 odora'tum (scented). Red, white. Cyprus. 



I73i. 

 ,. per'sicum (Persian). See C. LATIFOLIUM. 



Propagation: by Seed. This is the only way of pro- 

 pagating Cyclamens. The roots, being a solid corm, will 

 not divide successfully. Gather the seed as soon as 

 ripe, dry it slowly, and sow it in February, in shallow, 

 wide-mouthed pots, in a compost of peat, loam, and 

 sand, covering the seeds scarcely a quarter of an inch 

 deep ; the best covering for seeds is sand and sphagnum 

 moss, using just sufficient to cover the seeds ; place 

 them in a cold frame, excepting C. latifolium, which 

 should be placed in a greenhouse, on a shelf near the 

 glass ; sow the seeds thinly, so that they may remain 

 in the seed-pots for one year. 



Soil. Equal parts light, turfy loam, sandy-peat, 

 and leaf-mould ; or, if this cannot be had, half a part 

 of very rotten dung may be substituted. 



Summer Culture. Pot in autumn, and when spring 

 comes in most of the kinds will be in flower. They re- 

 quire then a good supply of water. Though some of 

 the species are hardy, yet it is safer to cultivate them 

 in pots in frames, and bring them into the greenhouse 

 when in flower. Some of the varieties of C. latifolium 

 are very fragrant; but there is no certainty that the 

 seedlings from them will continue fragrant. Seedlings 

 of a year old should be potted singly into thumb-pots, 

 and be re-potted in April in sJ-inch pots, and kept in a 

 gentle heat, to encourage the bulbs to grow larger. As 

 soon as the flowering season is over, set them out of 

 doors, giving no water ; and as soon as the seed is 

 gathered, and all the leaves dead, trim these off, and lay 

 the pots on one side, to keep them dry till the plants 

 require potting. 



Winter Culture. When frost begins, shift them into 

 pots of a size in proportion to that of the bulbs, leaving 

 the bulbs just out of the soil, excepting C. co'um, which 

 should be covered about half an inch. The largest 

 bulbs may require pots six inches in diameter. As soon 

 as potted, place them in a cold frame, covering up 

 securely from frost ; give air on all favourable occasions, 

 and water very moderately till the leaves are full-grown 

 and the flowers begin to appear, when it may be more 

 liberally given. 



Insects. Slugs, green fly, and wire-worms prey upon 

 them. 



Diseases. Their greatest enemy is the small brown 

 thrips, which cripple the foliage and cause the flower 

 to be imperfect. Sulphur and lime, with frequent fumiga- 

 tion with vapour insecticide arc the best remedies. 



Culture in the Open Air. All the species, excepting 

 C, pe'rsicum and its varieties, will live in a warm border 



of the compost out of doors ; but, on account of their 

 early blooming, the flowers are often injured by late 

 frosts. The border should be well drained, and a cover- 

 ing of tanner's bark or coal-ashes should be spread over 

 the roots in autumn, and allowed to remain on till the 

 warm weather of spring arrives, when it may be removed 

 and renewed in the autumn. The bulbs may either be 

 taken up and replanted in October, or allowed to remain 

 for two years. 



Modern growers of Cyclamen sow the seed about 

 October and have well-flowered plants the following 

 season. We have grown them from seed sown in J anuary, 

 but this does not give time enough to get thoroughly 

 well-flowered plants. 



CYCLANTHE'RA. (From kuklos, a circle, and anthera, 

 a stamen ; alluding to the circular anthers. Nat. ord. 

 Cucurbitaceas.) 



A climber, which may be treated as a half-hardy 

 annual and planted outside at the beginning of June. 

 C. explo'dens (exploding). Colombia. 



CYCLA'NTHUS. (From kuklos, a circle, and anthos, 

 a flower ; in allusion to the circles of stamens. Nat. 

 ord. Cyclanthaceae.) 



Stove perennials. Seeds. Fibrous loam to two parts 

 of peat with sand. 

 C. biparti'tus (two-parted). Leaves two-parted. Trop. 



Amer. 



,, crista'tus (crested). Colombia. 

 di'scolor (two-coloured). Young leaves variegated, 



with tawny orange. Colombia. 1882. 

 ,, godseffia'nus (Godseffian). 1892. 

 Plumie'ri (Plunder's). 3. Greenish-yellow. Mar- 

 tinique. 1818. 



CYCLOBO'THRA. See CALOCHORTUS. 

 C. e'legans lu'tea. See CALOCHORTUS BENTHAMI. 



CYCLO'DIUM. See ASPIDIUM. 



CYCLO'GYNE CANE'SCENS. See SWAINSONIA CANE- 

 SCENS. 



CYCLONE'MA. See CLERODENDRON. 

 CYCLOPE'LTIS SEMICORD'ATA. See ASPIDIUM 



SEMICORDATUM. 



CYCLO'PIA. (From kuklos, a circle ; the standard has 

 a round blotch on it. Nat. ord. Leguminosae.) 



Greenhouse evergreen. Cuttings of half-ripe wood 

 under a bell-glass. Loam, peat, sand. 

 C. genistoi'des (Genista-like). S. Africa. 1884. 



CYCNO'CHES. Swan-neck. (From kuknos, a swan, 

 and auchen, the neck ; in reference to the long and grace- 

 fully-curved column. Nat. ord. Orchids [Orchidacea?]. 

 Linn. -zo-Gynandria, i-Monandria. Allied to Cyrto- 

 podium.) 



Stove orchids. Strong, moist heat whilst growing ; 

 rough, fibrous peat, and half-decayed leaves, with a 

 little sand ; root division. 



C. au'reum (golden), i. Yellow. Central Amer. 1851. 

 ,, barba'tum (bearded). See POLYCYCNIS BARBATA. 

 ,, chlorochi'lon (greenish-yellow-lipped). 2. Yellowish. 



June. Demerara. 1838. 

 ,, Cummi'ngii (Cumming's). White, yellow. June. 



Singapore. 



densiflo'rum (dense-flowered). Yellow, spotted crim- 

 son. Female green. Colombia. 1908. 

 ,, egertonia' num (Egertonian). 2. Purple, green, pink. 



June. Guatemala. 

 ,, Haa'gei (Haage's). Brazil. 

 ,, l.ehma'nni (Lehmann's). Salmon, orange. Ecuador. 



1880. 

 ,, Loddige'sii (Loddige's). i. White, purple. May. 



Surinam. 1830. 

 ,, ,, leucochi'lum (white-lipped), i. Yellow, white. 



June. Guiana. 

 ,, macula'tum (spotted). i. Buff, purple. June. 



Mexico. 1839. 

 ,, musci'ferum (fly-bearing). See POLYCYCNIS MUSCI- 



FERA. 



,, pentad a' clylon (five-fingered), i. Yellow, brown. 

 March. Brazil. 1841. 



