DAIS 



276 



DAMMARA 



and tubers so grown usually keep well. The soil must 

 be perfectly dry before they are put to rest, and no wet 

 or frost allowed to reach them. A good place for them 

 is to lay the pots on one side under the stage of a green- 

 house. In these winter quarters they must be fre- 

 quently examined, and all decaying roots or stems re- 



Typ'es of Dahlia. Besides the show Dahlia of the old 

 florist's type several others have now been raised to 

 the dignity of exhibition flowers. The show Dahlia 

 proper is denned by size, symmetry of form, circular 

 outline, by being perfectly double, high in the centre, 

 with neat, compact, quilled florets, of uniform colour, or 

 darker round the edge. Striped and mottled flowers of 

 this type are classed as fancy Dahlias. The most 

 popular for exhibition at the present time are the Cactus 

 Dahlias, descended from Dahlia Juarezii, introduced 

 from Mexico in 1879, and brought to great perfection 

 within the last twenty years. These are distinguished 

 by their long pointed florets rolled back at the edges, 

 narrow and graceful. The old forms with flat petals are 

 now classed as decorative Dahlias, and are used for 

 garden ornamentation for the sake of their bright colours 

 and free-flowering habit. Pompon Dahlias have the 

 neat, regular, and closely built flower of the show type, 

 but are distinguished by their very small size. Single 

 Dahlias are now exhibition flowers and are characterised 

 by a single row of outside florets or rays, broad, rounded, 

 overlapping, and of some bright colour or even two, 

 besides the yellow centre. 



Insects. In the early stages of growth, the great pest 

 to the Dahlia is the slug. Watering with clear lime- 

 water is the best article to destroy them, or a dusting 

 of quick-lime in dewy mornings will be useful ; a circle 

 of lime round each plant will be a good preventive, 

 and also a carefully gathering up, very early in the 

 morning, of these vermin will greatly reduce their 

 numbers. When the plants are in flower, the earwig 

 is almost sure to attack them, and frequently in one 

 night will disfigure the finest and most perfect bloom, 

 and render it unfit for exhibition. Traps must be set 

 to catch them. Small garden-pots with a little hay or 

 moss put in them, and then turned upside down upon the 

 stakes, are a good trap for them. They should be 

 examined every morning, and the insects in them de- 

 stroyed. Dried bean stalks are also a good trap : place 

 them among the branches, and the insects will creep 

 into them as a hiding place. Also, as they feed chiefly 

 in the night, take a lantern at that time, and examine 

 every flower. 



Preparing for Exhibition. Cut the flowers the night 

 before, and if they are to be conveyed a considerable 

 distance, have a box or boxes made with watertight tin 

 tubes securely fixed in the bottom, to hold water ; pass 

 the stem of each flower through a plug of wood with a 

 hole in the centre, just wide enough to allow the stem to 

 pass through it. and just thick enough to fit like a cork 

 into the tin tube. Make the flower quite firm in the 

 wooden plug, and let the lid of the box be so elevated 

 as not to touch the flower. 



DA IS. (From daio, to heat ; referring to the caus- 

 ticity of the bark. Nat. ord. Daphnads (Thyme - 

 leacea?]. Linn. lo-Decandria, i-Monogynia. Allied to 

 Mezereon.) 



Greenhouse evergreen. Seeds sown in slight hotbed, 

 in March ; cuttings of half-ripened shoots, or of the 

 roots, in April, in sand, under a glass, and with a little 

 heat ; peat and loam. Summer temp., 55 to 75 ; 

 winter, 40 to 45. 



D. cotinifo'lia (Cotinus-leaved). 10. White, green. 

 June. Cape of Good Hope. 1776. 



DAISY. (Be'llis pere'nnis.) There are many double 

 varieties of this hardy perennial ; some white, others 

 crimson, and many variegated. A more curious variety 

 is the Proliferous or Hen-and-Chicken Daisy. They 

 all will flourish in any moist soil, and almost in any 

 situation. They bloom from April to June. Propagated 

 by divisions ; the smallest fragment of root almost 

 enables then to grow. To keep them double and fine, 

 they require moving occasionally. Planted as an edging 

 round the Ranunculus-bed their roots tempt the wire- 

 worm from those of the choicer flower. 



DALBERGIA. (Named after Dalberg, a Swedish 

 botanist. Nat. ord. Leguminous Plants [Leguminosae]. 

 Linn. ij-Diadelphia, ^-Decandria.) 



The wood of D. Si'ssoo is remarkable for its excellence. 

 East Indian stove evergreen trees, almost all with white 

 flowers. Cuttings of firm young shoots in March, in 

 sand, under a glass, and in a little bottom-heat ; fibrous 

 peat and turfy loam, with a portion of sand. Summer 

 temp., 60 to 85 ; winter, 50 to 55. 

 D. arbo'rea (tree). See PONGAMIA GLABRA. 

 Barcla'yi( Barclay's). 15. Blue. Madagascar. 1823. 

 Dipha'ca (Diphaca). See ORMOCARPUM SENNIODES. 

 ,, dominge'nsis (St. Domingan). See LONCHOCARPUS 



SERICEUS. 



,, frondo'sa (fronded). See D. LANCEOLARIA. 

 lanceola'ria (lance-leaved). 30. India. 1818. 

 latifo'lia (broad-leaved). 30. India. " Black Wood." 

 ,, margina'ta (bordered). See DERRIS MARGINATA. 

 , ougeine'nsis (Ougein). See OUGENIA DALBERGIOIDES. 

 , panicula'ta (panicled). 30. 1811. 

 , rimo'sa (chinky). 20. 1823. 

 , rubigino'sa (rusty). 10. 1811. 

 , sca'ndens (climbing). See DERRIS SCANDENS. 

 , Si'ssoo (Sisspo). 30. 1820. 

 , spino'sa (spiny). India. 



,, tamarindifo'lia (tamarind-leaved). 15. 1820. 

 ,, Telfai'rii (Telfair's). See MUNDULEA TELFAIRII. 

 ,, volu'bilis (twining). 20. 1818. 



DA'LEA. (Named in compliment to Samuel Dale, 

 M.D., the writer of the book Materia Medica. Nat. ord. 

 Leguminosae.) 



Greenhouse shrubby plants chiefly. Seeds and cuttings 

 under a hand-light. Fibrous loam, peat, and sand for 

 the greenhouse species. 

 D. alopecuroi'des (Fox- tail), i to 2. Pale blue. N. 



Amer. Hardy annual. 



bi 'color (two-coloured). See D. MUTABILIS. 

 Kuhnisie'ra(Kuhmstera). See PETALOSTEMON CORYM- 



BOSUS. 

 ,, muta'bilis (changeable). Purple, white. October. 



Mexico, Cuba. 1821. 

 Muii'sii (Mutis'K Purple. July. Mexico. 1828. 



DALECHA'MPIA. (Named after Dalechamp, a French 

 botanist. Nat. ord. Euphorbiads [Euphorbiaceae], Linn. 

 2i-Moncecia, i-Monandria. Allied to Poinsettia.) 



Stove evergreen climbers, with yellowish-green flowers. 

 Cuttings a little dried at their base before insertion into 

 sandy soil, under a hand-light, in April ; peat and loam. 

 Summer temp., 60 to 85 ; winter, 50. 

 D. brasilie' nsis (Brazilian). See D. SCANDENS. 



,, ficifo'lia (fig-leaved). 6. July. Brazil. 1820. 



,, rcezlia'na (Roezlian). Rose and yellow. Mexico. 



,, sca'ndens (climbing). 12. June. W. Ind. 1739- 



DALIBA'RDA VIOL^OI DES. See RUBUS DALI- 

 BARDA. D. fragarioides. See WALDSTEINIA FRAGARI- 

 OIDES. D. repens. See RUBUS DALIBARDA. 



DALMATIAN CAP. See TULIPA. 

 DAMASK ROSE. See RO'SA DAMASCE'NA. 

 DAMASK VIOLET. See HE'SPERIS MATRONA'LIS. 



DAMASO'NIUM. (Derivation obscure. Nat. ord. 

 Alismacea?.) 



A British aquatic which should be grown in the bog 

 garden, the banks of a pond, or in shallow water. 

 D. Ali'sma (Alisma). J. White, yellow. Britain. Syn. 

 D. stellatum. 



DAME'S ROCKET or VIOLET. See HESPERIS 

 MATRONA'LIS. 



DA'MMARA. (The Dammar Pine of New Zealand. 

 The Kauri of the natives. Nat. ord. Conifers [Conifera?]. 

 Linn. zi-Mon&cia, lo-Monadelphia.) All the species are 

 now referred to Agathis.) 



The finest masts are now prepared from the D. 

 austra'lis for our navy ; it also yields a brittle, resin-like 

 copal. Cuttings of young, ripe, firm shoots, inserted in 

 sand, in the spring, in a gentle bottom-heat, under a 



