DRACOCEPHALUM 



307 



DRAINING 



DRACOCETHALUM. Dragon's Head. (From drakon, 

 a dragon, and kephale, a head ; referring to the gaping 

 flower. Nat. ord. Lipworts, or Labiates [Labiatee]. Linn. 

 H-Didynamia, i-Gymnospermia. Allied to Nepeta.) 



Annual and perennial herbs of a showy character. 

 Annuals, by seed in the open ground at the ^nd of 

 March ; perennials, by seeds and divisions ; the tender 

 evergreens, by cuttings of young shoots under a hand- 

 glass, in April or May ; light, rich soil. 



HARDY ANNUALS. 



D. cane'scens (hoary). See LALLEMANTIA CANESCENS. 

 ., Molda'vica (Moldavian). 2. Blue. July. Moldavia. 



1596. 

 ,, albiflo'rum (white-flowered). 2. White. July. 



Moldavia. 1596. 

 peregri'num (diffuse). $. Purple. July. Siberia. 



1759. 

 thymiflo'rum (thyme-flowered). J. Purple. July. 



Siberia. 1752. 



GREENHOUSE EVERGREENS. 

 D. canarie'nse (Canary. Balm of Gilead). See CEDRON- 



ELLA TRIPHYLLA. 



,, chamcedryoi' dcs (germander-like). See SPHACELE 



CAMPANULATA. 



origanoi'des (majoram-like). |. July. Siberia. 1829. 



HARDY PERENNIALS. 



D. altaice'nse (Altaic). See D. GRANDIFLORUM. 

 argune'nse (Argun). See D. RUYSCHIANA. 

 ,, ausiri'acum (Austrian), i. Blue. June. Austria. 



1597. 

 ,. botryoi'des (botrys-like). J. Purple. July. Siberia. 



1822. 



corda'tum (heart-shaped) . SeeCEDRONELLACORDATA. 

 denticula'tum (toothleted). See PHYSOSTEGIA VIR- 



GINIANA. 



,, grandiflo'rum (large-flowered). J. Purple. July. 



Siberia. 1759. 



,, keterophy'llum (various-leaved). Himalaya; Turkes- 

 tan. 



ibe'ricum (Iberian). See LALLEMANTIA IBERICA. 

 ,, imbe'rbe (beardless). Siberia. 

 intcgrifo'lium (whole-leaved). Blue. July. Siberia. 



1827. 



mexica'num (Mexican). See CEDRONELLA MEXICANA. 

 ,, nu'tans (nodding), i. Blue. July. Siberia. 1731. 

 , palma' turn (hand-leaved). i. Purple. July. Siberia. 



1815. 

 parviflo'rum (small-flowered). f. Blue. July. N. 



Amer. 1825. 



pelta'tum (shield-leaved). See LALLEMANTIA PELT ATA. 

 pinna'tum (leafleted). Blue. June. Siberia. 1822. 

 Rupre'chii (Ruprecht's). i to ij. Blue. Turkestan. 



1880. 

 ruyschia'na (Ruyschian). 2. Blue. July. N. 



Europe. 1699. 

 i. japo'nicum (Japanese). \Vhite, spotted blue. 



Japan. 1879. 



,, sibi'ricum (Siberian). See NEPETA MACRANTHA. 

 specio'sum (showy). Purple, spotted white and deeper 



purple. Himalaya. 1877. 

 specio'sum (showy) of Sweet. See PHYSOSTEGIA 



VIRGINIANA SPECIOSA. 



,, virginia'num (Virginian). See PHYSOSTEGIA VIR- 

 GIXIANA. 



DRACO'NTTUM. Dragon. (From drakon, a dragon; 

 referring to its spots and streaks being like those on 

 serpents. Nat. ord. Oroniiads [Araceas], Linn. 7-Hep- 

 tandria, i-Monogynia. Allied to Pothos and Orontium.) 

 Stove perennials with a tuberous root-stock. Dividing 

 the roots ; fibrous loam, and a little decayed dung and 

 leaf-mould. Summer temp., 60 to 85 ; winter, 48 

 to 55. 

 D. albosti'pes (white-stalked). Leaf-stalks grey-white 



banded brown. Colombia. 1877. 

 ,, annula'tum (ringed). Leaf-stalks umber-brown, 



spotted with white. Colombia. 1877. 

 ,, a'sperum (rough). 5. Spathe and spadix purple- 

 brown. Brazil. 



Spathe green, purple. 

 Spathe purple-brown. 



D. Carde'ri (Carder's). 3. 

 Colombia. 1877. 



,. fascu'ndum (fertile). 3. 

 British Guiana. 1882. 



,, fce'tidum (foetid). See SYMPLOCARPUS FOITIDUS. 



,, Gi'gas (giant). 10. Spathe dark red-brown. Nicar- 

 agua. 1869. 



,, lanceafo'lium (lance-leaved). See SPATHIPHYLLUM 



LANCE^FOLIUM. 



., per tu.' sum (top-pierced). See MONSTERA PERTUSA. 

 polyphyilum (many-leaved). 2. May. India. 1759. 

 sculptura'tum (sculptured). Petiole dark brown, with 



pale marking*;. Colombia. 1879. 

 spino'sum (prickly). See LASIA SPINOSA. 



DRACONTOMFLON. (From drakon, drakontos, a 

 dragon, and melon, an apple ; in allusion to the strange 

 form of the fruit. Nat. ord. Anacardiaceae.) 



Stove evergreen tree. Cuttings of ripe shoots in sand 

 in a close case, with bottom-heat. Loam, peat, and sand. 

 D. mangi'ferum (mango-bearing). 30. White. Java. 

 1820. 



DRACOPHY'LLUM. (From drakon, a dragon, and 

 phullon, a leaf ; referring to the long bracts, which re- 

 semble the young leaves of the Dragon-plant, Drac&'na 

 Dra'co. Nat. ord. Epacrids [Epacridaceae]. Linn. 5- 

 Pentandria, i-Monogynia. Allied to Sphenotoma and 

 Richea.) 



Greenhouse evergreens, from Australia. Cuttings of 

 young wood, getting firm at the base, in April ; peat and 

 loam, both fibrous, with a little silver sand. Temp., 

 winter, 40 to 45. 

 D. capita'tum (headed), i. White. April. 1830. 



,, gra'cile (graceful). 2 to 3. White. June. Australia. 

 1823. 



longifo'lium (long- leaved) 2. White. June. 1824. 



secu'ndum (side- flowering). 2. White. June. 1823. 



DRACO PIS and DRACOTIS AMPLEXICAU LIS. See 



RUDBECKIA AMPLEXICAUL1S. 



DRACUN'CULUS. (The diminutive of drakon, a 

 dragon. Nat. ord. Araceae.) 



Tuberous perennials with the habit of Arum maculatum. 

 D. vulgaris is hardy in sheltered places round London, 

 and may be quite exposed to the south and west of 

 England. A greenhouse for the rest. Division or offsets. 

 Rich sandy soil. 

 D. canarie'nsis (Canary). Spathe green and brown. 



Canaries. 



cre'ticus (Cretan). See D. VULGARIS. 

 vulga'ris (common). Spathe green and purple-brown. 

 S. Europe. 1548. 



DRAGON. See DRACONTIUM and ARIS^EMA DRAGON- 



DRAGON'S-BLOOD. Damo'norops Dra'co, Draccs'na 

 Dra'co, and Pteroca'rpus Dra'co. 



DRAGON'S-HEAD. Dracoce'phalum. 

 DRAGON-TREE. Dracce'na Dra'co. 



DRAINING is drawing away the surface water, instead 

 of allowing it to chill the land by evaporation, and further 

 injuring the crops by an excessive supply of moisture. 

 There is scarcely a garden existing that would not be 

 benefited by under-draining. Every gardener knows 

 the absolute necessity for a good drainage under his 

 wall-trees and vines, but few gardeners ever think for a 

 moment whether there is any escape and outfall for the 

 water he has drained from immediate contact with the 

 roots of the above-named favoured trees. Every 

 garden should have drains cut, varying in depth from 

 two to three feet, according to the depth of the soil, with 

 an interval of twenty-four feet between the drains ; 

 twelve feet will not be too near in clayey soils. At the 

 bottom of the drains should be placed one-inch pipe^ ; 

 these should be well puddled over six inches deep with 

 clay, and then the earth returned. They should have 

 an outfall into a ditch, at the least elevated side of the 

 garden. By having the pipes with a bore no larger than 

 an inch moles cannot creep in ; and that bore is large 

 enough to carry off all the water, after even the heaviest 

 rains. 



