ECHINOPSIS 



ECHIUM 



E. p'ersicus (Persian). White. August. Persia. 1821. 

 platy'lepis (broad-scaled). September. 1835. 

 pu'ngens (prickly). See E. PERSICUS. 

 Ri'tro (Ritro). 2. Deep blue. July. Mediterranean 



regions. 

 tenuifo'lius (slender-leaved). 2. Blue. August. 



Russia. 1820. 



ruthe'nicus (Russian). See E. BANNATICUS. 

 spluzroce'phalus (globe-headed). 4 to 6. Whitish-blue. 



July to September. Europe. 

 a'lbidus (whitish). Whitish. 

 glabra'tus (smooth). 6. Blue. July. Spain. 



1815. 



spino'sus (spiny). 4. White. July. Egypt. 1597. 

 stri'ctus (upright). See E. EXALTATUS. 

 strigo'sus (strigose). Blue. Spain ; Morocco. 1729- 

 tau'ricus (Taurian). 4. Blue. August. Tauria. 1816. 

 tenuifo'lius (slender-leaved). See E. RITRO TENUI- 



FOLIUS. 



Tournefo'rtii (Tournefort's). Caucasus. 1835. 

 virga'tus (twiggy). See E. RITRO. 

 visco'sus (clammy). Mediterranean Region ; Orient. 



ECHINO'PSIS. (From echinos, hedgehog, and opsis, 

 like ; referring to the spines which clothe its globular 

 stem. Nat. ord. Indian Figs [Cactacea?]. Linn. 12- 

 Icosandria, i-Monogynia. Now referred to Cereus, but 

 several recent introductions have not yet been trans- 

 ferred.) 



Stove Cactuses. Light loam, a little leaf-mould, and 

 a few lumps of lime-rubbish, and well drained. Water 

 sparingly in winter, and air to be kept dry. Winter, 

 night, 50 ; day, 80. Summer, night, 65 ; day, 90. 

 E. albispino'sa (white-spined). White. Country un- 

 known. 1903. 

 campylaca'ntha (curved-spined). See CEREUS LEU- 



CANTHUS. 



cinnabari'na (cinnabar). Bolivia. 



crista'ta (crested). . Purple. May. Bolivia. 1846. 

 There is a white-flowered variety. 



Fiebri'gii (Fiebrig's). White. Bolivia. 1906. 



hempelia'na (Hempelian). Cinnabar-red. Country 

 unknown. 1906. 



lateri'tia (brick-red). Brick-red. Bolivia. 1907. 



leuca'ntha (white-flowered). See CEREUS LEUCANTHUS. 



mamillo'sa (nippled). White, rose at apex. Bolivia. 

 1907. 



Meye'ri (Meyer's). Petals like brownish and dirty 

 white threads. Paraguay. 1907. 



mu'ltiplex (manifold). See CEREUS MULTIPLEX. 



Pentla'ndii (Pentland's). See CEREUS PENTLANDII. 



ochroleu'ca (yellow-white). See CEREUS PENT- 

 LANDII OCHROLEUCA. 



rhodaca'ntha (red-spined). Argentina. 1835. 



rhodo'tricha (red-haired). 2j. White, spines brownish. 



Paraguay. 1901. 

 Schelha'sii (Schelhas's). See CEREUS SCHELHASII. 



ECHINOSPE'RMUM. (From echinos, a hedgehog, and 

 sperma, a seed ; in allusion to the four prickly nutlets 

 constituting the fruit. Nat. ord. Boraginaceae.) 



Hardy herbaceous perennial. Divisions and seeds 

 Ordinary garden soil. 



E. margina'tum (margined). Blue. Caucasus. 

 macra'nthum (large-flowered). Flowers larger. 

 (Gfl., t. 1119.) 



ECfflNO'STACHYS PINELIA'NA. See ^ECHMEA PINE- 



LIANA. 



ECHTTES. (From echis, a viper; referring to the 

 snake-like coils of the twining shoots. Nat. ord. Dog- 

 banes [Apocynaceae]. Linn. s-Pentandria, i-Monogynia.) 

 Nearly all evergreen climbers. Cuttings in sand, in 

 bottom-heat, in spring ; lumpy loam and peat. Summer 

 temp., for stove species, 60 to 80 ; winter, 48 to 60. 

 Others, usual greenhouse temperatures. 

 E. Andre'wsii (Andrews'). 10. Yellow. W. Ind. 1778. 

 antidysente'rica (antidysenteric). See HOLARRHENA 



ANTIDYSENTERICA. 



a'tro-purpu'rea (dark purple). See DIPLADENIA ATRO- 



PURPUREA. 

 biflo'ra (twin-flowered). 20. White. July. W. Ind. 



1783- 

 bispino'sa (two-spined). See PACHYPODIUM BISPINO- 



SUM. 



E. caryophylla'ta (clove-leaved). See AGANOSMA CARYO- 



PHYLLATA. 



cauda'ta (tailed). See STROPHANTHUS DICHOTOMUS. 

 crassino'da (thick-jointed). See DIPLADENIA CRASS- 



INODA. 



cymo'sa (cymosed). See AGANOSMA CYMOSA. 



diffo'rmis (two-formed). See TRACHELOSPERMUM 



DIFFORME. 



dominge'nsis (St. Domingo). 10. Yellow. June. 



W. Ind. 1820. 



franci'scea (River Francisco). See E. VARIA. 

 frute'scens (shrubby). See ICHNOCARPUS FRUTESCENS. 

 grandifto'ra( large-flowered). 8. Pink. E. Ind. 1823. 

 ,, He'ynii (Heynes's). See AGANOSMA CARYOPHYLLATA. 

 hirsu'ta (hairy). 10. Yellow, rose. September. 



Brazil. 1843. 

 longifio'ra (long-flowered). 6. White. June. Brazil. 



1816. 

 ,, malaba'rica (Malabar). 6. Red. June. Malabar. 



1822. See ALSTONIA SCHOLARIS. 

 ,, melaleu'ca (black-white). Country unknown. 

 ,, nu'tans (nodding). See H^MADICTYON VENOSUM. 

 panicula'ta (panicled). 10. Yellow. July. S. Amer. 



1823. 



pelta'ta (shield-leaved). 10. Trinidad. 1826. 

 reticula'ta (netted). 6. Yellow. July. E. Ind. 1818. 

 Richa'rdii (Richard's). See E. HIRSUTA. 

 ,, rubricau'lis (red-stemmed). 6. Yellow. July. 



Guiana. 1824. 

 rubroveno'sa (red-veined). Midribs yellowish. Brazil. 



1867. 

 sanguineole'nta (blood-coloured). See H^MADICTYON 



VENOSUM. 



,, sple'ndens (shining). See DIPLADENIA SPLENDENS. 

 stella'ris (starry). 10. Rose, yellow. July. Rio 



Janeiro. 

 suave'olens (sweet-smelling). See MANDEVILLA SUA- 



VEOLENS. 

 subere'cta (slightly-bent. Savannah- flower). See E. 



ANDREWSII. 

 succule'nta (succulent). See PACHYPODIUM TOMEN- 



TOSUM. 



symphytoca'rpa (Symphy turn-fruited). Guiana. 



,, toro'sa (twisted). See E. TORULOSA. 



,, torulo'sa (beaded). 10. Yellow. July. Mexico. 



1778. 



,, tubero'sa (tuberous). See PACHYPODIUM TUBEROSUM. 

 ,, umbella'ta (umbelled). 15. Yellow. July. Jamaica. 



1733. 

 ,, va'ria (variable). Rose, green. September. Brazil. 



1845. 



E CHIUM. Viper's Bugloss. (From echis, a viper ; 

 seeds like the viper's head. Nat. ord. Borageworts 

 [Boraginaceas]. Linn. 5-Pentandria, i-Monogynia. Allied 

 to Anchusa.) 



Annuals and biennials, by seed in common garden-soil, 

 in March ; evergreen shrubs, also, by seeds, sown in 

 spring, in a slight hotbed ; by layering the young shoots 

 in summer ; and cuttings in sandy soil of firm young 

 shoots, in April or May, under a bell-glass, but not kept 

 very close, and receiving a little bottom-heat ; peat and 

 loam. Winter temp., 40 to 48. 



HARDY ANNUALS. 



E. angustifo'lium (narrow-leaved). Blush. July. Spain. 

 1826. 



arena'rium (sand-inhabiting). Purple. July. Cala- 

 bria. 1826. 



,, calyci'num (/arg^-calyxed). Blue, yellow. July. 

 S. Europe. 1829. 



cre'ticum (Cretan), i. Red-violet. July. Mediter- 

 ranean region. 1683. 



,, macra'nthum (large-flowered). See E. VIOLACEUM. 



Si'msii (Sims's). Red, blue. August. S. Europe. 

 1816. 



,, viola'ceum (violet), i. Violet. July. S. Europe. 

 1818. 



HARDY BIENNIALS. 



E. amce'num (agreeable). Blue. July. Caucasus. 1826. 

 aspe'rrimum (very rough). See E. ITALICUM. 

 dahu'ricum (Dahurian). Blue. July. Dahuria. 1827. 

 ,, ita'licum (Italian). Blue. July. S. Europe. 1826. 

 a'lbum (white). White. July. 



