ECHIUM 



317 



EDWARDSIA 



E. plantagi'neum (plantain-like). Blue-purple. Jersey. 

 rosula'tum (resetted). Spain. 



,, seri'ceum (silky), i. Red. June. Eastern Medi- 

 terranean. 1824. 



Sibtho'rpii (Sibthorp's). See E. SERICEUM. 

 te'nue (slender), i. Blue. July. Sicily. 1824, 

 tubercula' turn (pimpled), i. Violet. August. Spain. 



1820. 



vulga're (common). Deep blue. Britain. 

 a'lbum (white), i. White. July. Britain. 



HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS. 



E. a'lbicans (whitish). Rosy, changing to violet. Spain. 

 ,, arbo'reum (tree-like). Red, blue, purple. 

 austra'le (southern). See E. CRETICUM. 

 cauda'tum (tailed). See LOBOSTEMO.V CAUDATUS. 

 Laga'scce (Mme. Lagasca's). Lilac. July. Spain. 



1826. Hardy. 

 Merte'nsii (Merten's). i. Blue. June. Spain. 



1824. Hardy. 



,, prostra'tum (prostrate). See E. SERICEUM. 

 ru'brum (red). 2. Red. May. S. Europe ; Caucasus. 

 spica'tum (spiked-dwarf). See LOBOSTEMON SPICATUS. 



GREENHOUSE EVERGREENS. 



E. aculea'tum (prickly). 4. White. June. Canaries. 



1815. 

 ambi'guum (doubtful). 3. White, red. July. 



Canaries. 1820. 



arge'nteum (silvery). See LOBOSTEMON ARGENTEUS. 

 bi'frons (two-faced). 3. White, red. June. Canaries. 



1820. 

 brachya'nthum (short-flowered), ij. White. June, 



Madeira. 1819. 



callithy'rsum (beautiful-thyrsed). Canaries. 

 cafndicans (whitish). 3. Blue. June. Madeira. 



1777- 

 gigante'um (giant). 6 to 7. Pale rose-madder. 



Teneriffe. 1904. 



capita' turn (headed). See LOBOSTEMON CAPITATUS. 

 cynoglossoi' des (bugloss-like). 3. Blue. July. 



Canaries. 1816. 

 densifto'rum (thickly-flowered). 2. Blue. June. 



Canaries. 1820. 



,, dlegans (elegant). 8J. Teneriffe. 1904. 

 fastuo'sum (proud). 4. Purple. April. Canaries. 



1779. 

 feroci' ssimum (fiercest-stalked). See LOBOSTEMON 



FEROCISSIMUS. 



folio sum (leafy). 3. White. July. Canaries. 1815. 



formo'sum (beautiful). See LOBOSTEMON FORMOSUS. 



frutico'sum (shrubby). See LOBOSTEMON FRUTICOSUS. 



gigante'um (gigantic). 10. White. June. Canaries. 

 1779. 



gla'brum (smooth). See LOBOSTEMON GLAUCOPHYLLUS. 



glaucophy' Hum (milky-green-leaved). See LOBOSTE- 

 MON GLAUCOPHYLLUS. 



grandiflo'rum (large-flowered). See LOBOSTEMON FOR- 

 MOSUS. 



hi'spidum (bristly). See LOBOSTEMON HISPIDUS. 



inca'num (hoary). Blue. June. Cape of Good Hope. 

 1816. 



lamga'tum (smooth-stalked). See LOBOSTEMON LJEVI- 

 GATUS. 



lasiophy'llum (hairy-leaved). See E. MOLLE. 



linea'tum (lined). 2. White. July. Canaries. 1815. 



longifto'rum (long-flowered). See LOBOSTEMON FOR- 

 MOSUS. 



macrophy'llum (large-leaved). 3. Blue. July- 

 Canaries. 1823. 



mo'lle (soft). 6. White. June. Teneriffe. 1820. 



nervo'sum (nerved). 4. Purple. July. Madeira. 

 1777- 



panicula'tum (panicled). 3. White. July. Cape of 

 Good Hope. 1815. 



petrce'um (rock). See MOLTKIA PETR^A. 



,, pyramida'lum (pyramidal). 3. Blue. July. Cape of 

 Good Hope. 1820. 



sca'brum (rough). 2. Purple. Blue. July. Cape 

 of Good Hope. 1820. 



,, si'tnplex (simple), i. White. June. Teneriffe. 1820. 



sph&rocefphalon (round-headed). See LOBOSTEMON 



SPH.tROCEPHALUS. 



,, stri'ctum (erect). 3. Blue. June. Canaries. 1779. 



E. strigo'sum (stiff-haired). See LOBOSTEMON STIUGOSUS. 

 ,, Swa'rtzii (Swartz's). See LOBOSTEMON L/EVIGATUS. 

 ,, verruco'sum (warted). See LOBOSTEMON VERRUCOSUS. 

 vire'scens (greenish). See E. CANDICANS. 

 WUdpre'tii (Wildpret's). 2 to 3. Pale red. Canary 

 Islands. 1902. 



EDELWEISS. See LEONTOPO'DIUM ALPI'NUM. 



EDGEWO'RTfflA. (Named after M. Edgeworth. Nat. 

 ord. Daphnads [Thymeleaceae]. Linn. 8-Octandria, i- 

 Monogynia. Allied to Daphne.) 



The flower-heads at the end of the shoots are in round 

 balls, covered with hairs ; when open they are clear, 

 yellow, and fragrant. Must not be confounded with 

 Edgewo'rthia of Falconer, now called Repto'nia. A 

 Daphne-like, greenhouse plant. Cuttings in sand, under 

 a bell-glass, in spring ; and grafting should be tried on 

 the Spurge-laurel ; peat and loam. Whiter temp., 40 

 to 45. 

 E. chrysa'ntha (golden-flowered). 3. Yellow. June. 



Himalaya. 1845. 

 ,, Gardne'ri (Gardner's). Yellow. India and China. 



EDGING. The material used for dividing beds and 

 borders from the paths. For the kitchen-garden, and all 

 other places where neatness only need be considered, 

 slates set edgeways form the best edging. In peaty, or 

 any light soils, the common heath (Callu'na vulga'ris) is 

 very advantageously employed ; it requires to be clipped 

 twice annually, and may be planted at any season. Box 

 is neat, but objectionable as a harbour for vermin, liable 

 to decay, troublesome, and as a great impoverisher of 

 the soil. Thrift is almost as objectionable ; when em- 

 ployed, it is best inserted by the dibble during September, 

 the plants being placed two inches apart. It requires 

 frequent trimming, and to be renewed every three years. 

 Gentiane'tta makes a very beautiful edging, but is ex- 

 pensive. It may be planted in September. Various 

 other substitutes have been recommended, but none seem 

 so deserving of attention as the Saxi'fraga hypnoi'des. 

 It is a native plant, and is strongly recommended. Sprigs 

 have to be planted a few inches asunder ; they soon 

 spread out and unite, only require paring once in autumn 

 or summer, and no other attention than a second paring 

 in winter or early spring. In winter the leaf of this 

 saxifrage is a refreshing green, and in spring and summer 

 it is in great beauty, from its multitude of white flowers 

 and pink buds. The cuttings strike without difficulty. 

 Turf is sometimes employed, and should be of the finest 

 grasses, such as are found on the chalk downs ; but in 

 town gardens and where shaded, these fine grasses are 

 liable to die out, and their place is taken by Poo. annua. 

 In dense shade that also dies out. Cast-iron edgings, if 

 kept constantly painted, either very dark green, or dark 

 brown, are very neat, and, if of an open basket-work 

 pattern, very ornamental. Tiles, with the edges thickened 

 and rounded, or of some ornamental pattern, are the 

 most serviceable of recent introductions, where live 

 edgings are undesirable or impossible to maintain. 



EDGING-IRON. A tool with a crescent-shaped blade, 

 and a wooden handle, for cutting grass-verges, especially 

 the edges of walks and the edges of beds on grass. Its 

 shape facilitates cutting in straight lines or round curves. 

 The garden line should be laid to enable the operator to 

 cut straight by its side ; and when the edge to be cut is 

 curved the line should first be pegged in position. 



EDRAIA'NTHUS. See WAHLENBERGIA. 



EDWA'RDSIA. (After Mr. Edwards, botanical 

 draughtsman. Nat. ord. Leguminous Plants [Legumi- 

 nosae]. Linn. lo-Decandria, i-Monogynia. All now 

 united with Sophora.) 



All have yellow flowers. Cuttings of firm side-shoots, 

 several inches hi length, in sand, under a glass, in summer ; 

 sandy peat and a little lumpy loam. If in pots in a 

 greenhouse, winter temp., 35 to 45 ; if kept dry during 

 winter, all except E. ni'tida will stand against a wall. 

 E. chile' nsis (Chilian). See SOPHORA MACROCARPA. 

 chrysophy'lla (golden-leaved). See SOPHORA CHRYSO- 



PHYLLA. 



grandiflo'ra (large-flowered). See SOPHORA TETRAP- 



TERA. 

 macnabia'na (Mr. Macnab's). See SOPHORA TETRAP- 



TERA. 



