FIG 



356 



FLORISTS' 



cause any alarm to Fig cultivators. The spider must be 

 combated by the syringe, by an occasional dusting of 

 sulphur, and by dressing the shoots all over, before 

 commencing forcing, with soap water and sulphur ; three 

 ounces of soft soap to a gallon of warm water, well beat 

 up, adding four handfuls of sulphur, will make a mixture 

 which, brushed into every crevice, will extirpate both 

 scale and spider. Sulphur, however, should be used on 

 the pipes during the growing season. 



FIG MARIGOLD. Mesembrya'nthemum. 

 FIGURE-OF-EIGHT MOTH. Diloba ctzruleocephala. 

 FILBERT. See CO'RYLUS. 



FIMBRIA'RIA. (From fimbria, fringe ; a second name 

 for Schwa' nnia, a fine shrub with fringed leaves. Nat. 

 ord. Malpighiads [Malpighiaceae]). See SCHWANNIA. 

 F. e'legans (elegant). See SCHWANNIA ELEGANS. 



FINGERS-AND-TOES. See AMBURY. 



FINOCfflO, or AZOREAN FENNEL (Ane'thum azo'ri- 

 cum), cannot be cultivated successfully in this country. 



FIR. Pfnus. 

 FIRE. See FURNACE. 



FISCHE'RIA. (Named after Dr. Fischer, of St. Peters- 

 burgh. Nat. ord. Asclepiads [Asclepiadaceae]. Linn. 

 5-Pentandria, z-Digynia. Allied to Gonolobus.) 



Stove evergreen climber. Cuttings of shoots, young 

 or old, in light, open soil, and in heat ; peat and loam, 

 with broken bricks and charcoal mixed with the compost, 

 in addition to good drainage. Summer temp., 60 to 80 ; 

 winter, 48 to 55. 



F. hi'spida (roughly-hairy). See GONOLOBUS HISPIDUS. 

 martia'na (Martian). White, green. May. Nicar- 

 agua. 1845. 



sca'ndens (climbing). Green, yellow. May. S. Amer. 

 1826. 



FISH. See ANIMAL MATTERS. 



FITTO'NIA. (Named in honour of two ladies, E. and 

 S. M. Fitton, authors of Conversations on Botany. Nat. 

 ord. Acanthaceae.) 



Ornamental foliage stove plants, with beautifully 

 netted evergreen leaves. Cuttings of shoots getting firm 

 in sand, in a close case, with bottom-heat. Light, 

 fibrous loam and peat, with sand. 

 F. argyroneu'ra (silvery-nerved). Leaves bright green, 



netted with white. Peru. 1867. 

 gigantSa (giant). Dull purple. Leaves netted with 



red. Peru. 1869. 



Verschaffe'ltii (Verschaffelt's). Yellow, pink. Leaves 

 netted with red. Peru. 1863. 



FITZRtfYA. (So called after Capt. R. Fitzroy, R.N., 

 commander of a surveying expedition. Nat. ord. Conifers 

 [Coniferas]. Linn. zi-Moncecia, g-Polyandria.) 



Evergreen hardy trees. Cultivated like the Ce'drus 

 Deoda'ra. 



F. Arche'ri (Archer's). Tasmania. 

 patago'nica (Patagonian). 80. Yellow, green. Pata- 

 gonia. 



FLACOU'RTIA. (Named after E. Flacourt, a French 

 botanist. Nat. ord. Bixads [Bixaceae]. Linn. zz-Dicecia, 

 i2-Polyandria.) 



Stove evergreens with white flowers, the fruit of which 

 is wholesome. Cuttings of half-ripened shoots in April, 

 in sand, and in heat, under a bell-glass ; peat and loam. 

 Summer temp., 60 to 85 ; winter, 50 to 55*. 

 F cataphra'cta (all-armed). 4. India and China. 1804. 

 flavt'scens (yellowish). 15. Guinea. 1780. 

 ine'rmis (unarmed). 20. E. Ind. 1819. 

 prunifo'lia (plum-leaved). Colombia. 

 Ramo'ntchi ( Ramon tchi). 12. July. Madagascar. 



1775- 

 rhamnoi'des (Rhamnus-like). See DOVYALIS ZIZY- 



PHOIDES. 



rotundifo'lia (round-leaved). 12. E. Ind. 1820. 

 Ru'kam (Rukam). Malacca and Philippines. 

 sa'pida (well-tasted. Esculent). See F. RAMO'NTCHI. 

 sepia'ria (hedge). 6. E. Ind. 1816. 



FLAGELLA'RIA. (From flagello, to whip or scourge ; 

 in reference to the long, flexible shoots. Nat. ord. 

 Whipworts [Flagellariaceae]. Linn. 6-Hexandria, $-Tri- 

 gynia.) 



Stove evergreen climber. Cuttings in sand, under a 

 bell-glass, but chiefly by suckers ; peat and loam ; more 

 curious than beautiful ; leaves very astringent. 

 F. i'ndica (Indian). 7. White. June. India. 1782. 



FLAKE is the term by which a carnation is distinguished 

 that has two colours only, and these extending through 

 the length of the petals. 



FLAME-LILY. Pyroli'rion. 



FLAT-BODY MOTH. Dcpressaria depressella. 



FLAVE'RIA. (From flavus, yellow ; in allusion to the 

 yellow dye obtained from the plants. Nat. ord. Com- 

 positae.) 



Annual or perennial herbs, of no great value for garden 

 purposes. Seeds in light, sandy soil. 

 F. Contraye'rba (Contrayerba). ij. Yellow. September. 



Trop. Amer. 1794. 

 repa'nda (scolloped). Yellow. Mexico. 



FLAX. Li' num. 

 FLAX-LILY. Pho'rmium. 

 FLAX-STAR. Asteroli'non stella'tum. 



FLEU'RYA. (Named in compliment to /. F. Fleury, 

 who wrote on Orchids. Nat. ord. Urticaceae. Allied to 

 the Nettle.) 



Stove annual, furnished with stinging hairs. Seeds. 

 Loam, leaf-mould, and sand. 

 F. a'stuans (raging). 3. Green. Trop. Amer. 



FLINDE'RSIA. (Named in honour of Capt. M. 

 Flinders, R.N., who explored the coast of Australia in 

 the beginning of the last century. Nat. ord. Meliads 

 [Meliaceae]. Linn. lo-Decandria, i-Monogynia. Allied 

 to Chloroxylon.) 



A greenhouse evergreen tree. Cuttings of the ripened 

 shoots in sand, under a bell-glass, in spring ; loam and 

 peat. Winter temp., 38 to 45. 

 F. austra'lis (southern). 60. White. Australia. 1823. 



FLORAL DIAGRAMS may aptly be termed the ground- 

 plan of a flower, and are designed to show the number 

 and arrangement of the sepals, petals, stamens, and 

 carpels making up the structure of a flower. They also 

 show whether the parts of each set or whorl are free 

 from one another or joined (connate), whether free from, 

 or joined to, any other whorl (adnate). When the sepals 

 merely touch by their edges in bud they are valvate ; 

 but if they overlap, they are imbricate. The petals are 

 mostly alternate with the sepals, and when joined they 

 are said to be connate, or that the corolla is gamopetalous. 

 The stamens may be free from one another (polyandrous), 

 or joined (monadelphous), or adnate to the corolla 

 (epipetalous). The pistil may consist of two or more 

 carpels ; and if free it is said to be apocarpous ; or if 

 united, syncarpous. These various conditions are indi- 

 cated by the lines and markings of the floral diagram. 



FLORESTTNA. (Derivation not explained. Nat. ord. 

 Composites [Compositae]. Linn. ig-Syngenesia, i-&qualis. 

 Allied to Bahia.) 



Seeds of callo'sa in the open ground, in April ; seeds of 

 peda'ta in a hotbed, in March, and transplanted in May 

 to a sheltered situation, or grown in a cool greenhouse. 

 F. callo'sa (hardened). See POLYPTERIS CALLOSA. 

 ,, peda'ta (double-lobed-feawd). White. July. Mexico. 

 1803. 



FLORETS. The small stalkless flowers united on a 

 common undivided receptacle, and enclosed in one 

 common involucre of bracts to form a compound flower 

 or capitulum. 



FLORIST. A dealer in flowers, flowering shrubs, and 

 their seeds. 



FLORISTS' FLOWERS are those which, by their beauty 

 or fragrance, power to produce permanent varieties, and 

 facility of cultivation, are so largely in demand as to 

 render them especially worthy of cultivation as an 

 article of commerce. 



Mr. Glenny has enumerated the necessary character- 



