FRANCOA 



FRAXINUS 



FEANCO'A. (Named after F. Franco, a Spaniard. 

 Nat. ord. Francoads [Saxifragaceae]. Linn. 8-Octandria, 

 4-Tetragynia.) 



Hardy herbaceous perennials, natives of Chili, and 

 impatient of wet under cultivation. A few plants should 

 be kept in cold frames, to replace such as die off during 

 severe winters. Seeds in a slight hotbed, in spring ; 

 plants hardened off, and then transplanted ; dry, sandy 

 loam suits them best. In severe weather, they are worth 

 the labour of sticking a few evergreen boughs round 

 them. 

 F. appendicula'ta (appendaged). 2. Purple. July. 



1830. 



ramo'sa (branched). 2. White. July. 1831. 

 sonchifo'lia (sowthistle-leaved). 2. Purple. July. 

 1830. 



FRANKE'NIA. Sea Heath. (Named after Frankenius, 

 a Swedish botanist. Nat. ord. Frankeniads [Frankeni- 

 aceae]. Linn. 6-Hexandria, i-Monogynia.) 



Small plants, found chiefly near the sea, more curious 

 than pretty, though useful for rock-works, or for a col- 

 lection of alpines. Seeds, cuttings, and dividing the 

 roots ; sandy loam, and a little peat. 



HALF-HARDV EVERGREEN TRAILERS. 

 F. ericifo'lia (heath-leaved). J. Red. July. Canaries. 



1816. 

 nodiflo'ra (knot-flowered). J. Flesh. June. Cape 



of Good Hope. 1818. 



Pauciflo'ra (few-flowered), i. Pink. July. N. 

 Holland. 1824. 



HARDY EVERGREEN TRAILERS. 



F. corymbd sa (corymbose). See F. HIRSUTA. 



hirsu'ta (hairy). J. Light blue. July. Siberia. 1789. 



interme dia (intermediate). J. White. July. S. 

 Europe. 1817. 



Icz'vis (smooth). .J. Flesh. July. England. 



mo'llis (soft). See CRESSA CRETICA. 



No'thria (Nothria). J. Flesh. July. Cape of Good 

 Hope. 1816. 



pulverule'nta (powdery). J. Red. July. Mediter- 

 ranean regions. Annual. 



Pi'nus Ta'da. 



FRANSE'RIA. (Named after Antoine Franser, a 

 Spanish botanist. Nat. ord. Composite.) 



A half-hardy biennial or perennial herb. Seeds. 

 Light, sandy soil. 



F. artemisioi des (Artemisia-like). 5-6. Andes of Chili 

 and Peru. 1890. 



FRA'SERA. (Named after John Fraser, botanical 

 collector in North America. Nat. ord. Gentianworts 

 [Gentianaceae], Linn. 4-Tetrandria, i-Motiogynia. Allied 

 to Chironia.) 



Hardy biennial marsh-plants. Seeds in spring, and 

 transplanted ; also by division of the roots ; sandy peat, 

 with a little turfy loam. 

 F. Caroline nsis (Carolina). 4. Green, yellow. July. 



Carolina. 1795. 

 specio'sa. (showy). Yellow. N. Amer. 



FRAXINEXLA. Dicta'mnus. 



FRAXINUS. The Ash. (Fraxinus is the Latin for 

 an ash-tree. Nat. ord. Oliveworts [Oleaceas]. Linn. 23- 

 Polygamia, 2-Dicecia.) 



Hardy deciduous trees, with green flowers. Seeds 

 ripe in October, then to be collected, and stored in thin 

 layers in the ground, mixed with sandy soil, and turned 

 once or twice during the winter ; the seeds sifted from 

 the soil, and sown in March or April. Most of the species 

 may also be propagated by seeds, and the most distinct 

 of them ; as also the varieties by grafting. Dry, deep 

 loam makes them produce the best timber. The Weeping, 

 the Silver, and Golden-barked varieties of F. excelsior are 

 interesting. 



* FRAXINASTER. 



F. acumina'ta (pointed. Green}. See F. AMERICANA. 

 a'lba (white). See F. AMERICANA. 

 amari'ssima (bitterest). See F. EXCELSIOR AMARIS- 



SIMA. 



F. america'na (American-white). 40 May. N. Amer. 



1723. 

 ,, fo'liis arge' nteo-margina' tis (white-edge-leaved). 



1886. 



latifo'lia (broad-leaved). 20. May. 

 angustifo'lia (narrow-leaved). 30-40. Greenish- 

 yellow. S. Europe, Caucasus. 1815. 

 ,, ano'mala (anomalous). Leaves mostly of one ovate 



leaflet. Utah. 1896. 

 appe'ndica (appendaged). 20. May. 

 appendicula'ta (appendiculate). See F. EXCELSIOR. 

 arbutifo'lia (Arbutus-leaved). Leaves with rusty felt 



beneath. 



arge'ntea (silvery). 15. June. Corsica. 1835. 

 a' tro-vi' rens (dark green). See F. EXCELSIOR CRISPA. 

 berlandieria'na (Berlandienan). Southern Mexico. 

 carolinia'na (Carolina). 30. June. Southern United 



States. 1783. " Swamp Ash," " Water Ash." 

 chine' nsis (Chinese). China. 

 cine'rea (grey). 30. May. N. Amer. 1824. 

 cu'rvidens (curve- toothed). See F. CAROLINIANA. 

 cuspida'ta (short-pointed). 30. Green. May. 



Mexico. 1825. 



,, dimo'rpha (two-formed). N. Africa. 

 etti'ptica (oval). See F. PENNSYLVANICA. 

 Elo'nza (Elonza). Origin unknown. 

 ,, epi'ptera (wing-upon-wing). See F. AMERICANA. 

 ,, exce'lsior (taller. Common Ash). 80. May. Britain. 

 ,, ,, amari'ssima (bitterest). 20. May. 

 ,, angustifo'lia (narrow-leaved). Leaves linear, very 



narrow. Spain. 1815. 



,, arge'ntea (silver-barked). 20. May. Britain. 

 ,, ,, au'rea (golden-barked). 20. May. Britain. 

 au'reapefndula (yellow-pendulous). May. Britain. 

 cri'spa (curled). 4. May. Britain. 

 ero'sa (gnawed). 20. May. Britain. 

 ,, fo'liis arge'nteis (silvery-leaved). 

 fo'liis au'reis (golden-leaved). Leaves yellow, 



tinted violet when young. 1878. 

 , fungo'sa (fungous). 26. May. Britain. 

 ,, ,, heterophy'tta (various-leaved). Leaves mostly of 



one leaflet. 

 heterophyila lacinia'ta (cut-leaved). Leaflet 



deeply incised. 

 heterophyila pe'ndula (drooping). Various-leaved, 



weeping. 

 heterophyila variega'ta (variegated). Ireland. 



1836. 



horizonta'lis (horizontal). 20. May. Britain. 

 ,, ,, jaspi'dea (jasper-like, yellow-barked). 30. May. 

 ,, Kincairnia (Kincairney). 40. May. Kincairney. 

 ,, ,, leucoca'rpa (white-fruited). Fruits variegated or 



wholly white. 1907. 



,, ,, lu'tea (yeliovf-edged). 20. May. Britain. 

 ,, monstro'sa (monstrous). June. Britain. 

 ,, myrtifo'lia (myrtle-leaved). April. 1812. 

 na'na (dwarf). 10. May. Britain. 

 ,, ,, pe'ndula (pendulous). 20. May. " Weeping 



Ash." 

 pe'ndula Wentwo'rthi (Wentworth). " Wentworth 



Weeping Ash." 



scolopendrifo'lia (Scolopendrium-leayed). 

 ,, stria'ta (streaked). 20. May. Britain. 

 verruco'sa (vrarted-barked). 60. May. England. 

 ,, verruco'sa pe'ndula ( pendulous- warted). May. 



England. 



versi'cplor (many-coloured). May. Britain. 

 ,, verticilla'ta (whorled). 20. May. Britain. 

 ,, vi'rens (green). 20. May. 

 ,, variega'ta (variegated). 20. April. 

 expa'nsa (expanded). See F. PENNSYLVANICA LANCEO- 



LATA. 



,, fu'sca (dark brown). 30. May. N. Amer. 1823. 

 ,, gla'bra (glabrous). Leaves smooth. 

 heterophyila (various-leaved). See F. EXCELSIOR 



HETEROPHYLLA. 



,, variega'ta (variegated-/<ramf). See F. EXCELSIOR 



HETEROPHYLLA VARIEGATA. 



holo'tricha (all-hairy). Leaves, branches, and fruit 



hairy. Country unknown. 1906. 



,, juglandifo'lia (walnut-leaved). See F. AMERICANA. 



,, ,, subintege'rrima (nearly-entire). 40. May. 



,, lacinia'ta (jagged-leaved). May. N. Amer. 



,, la'ncea (lance-leaved). See F. PENNSYLVAXICA. 



lentiscifo'lia (lentiscus-leaved). See F. PARVIFOLIA. 



