GARDEN 



GARDENIA 



they should be so, because, being in the nature of a 

 surprise, when the eye comes upon them the pleasure 

 of contemplating them is increased, and their beauty 

 enhanced. The rock garden or alpine garden is more or 

 less wholly devoted to the cultivation of plants from 

 high alpine regions, or to low-growing plants and shrubs 

 from lowland or upland, provided they are in keeping 

 with the general surroundings. Even large trees may 

 come in appropriately in the background or near neigh- 

 bourhood, when the extent of the garden permits. They 

 often furnish the means of shading certain plants, which 

 would fail to thrive if fully exposed to sunshine during 

 the heat of summer. The bog garden is intended for 

 the cultivation of bog and marsh plants, and even others 

 which come from upland and moist situations, or from 

 rocky ledges, where they are continually subjected to 

 the ooze or drip from the higher grounds or from melting 

 snows. Rills of water and pools are appropriate in the 

 bog garden, which is usually associated with rockeries 

 and rock gardens. The most striking feature of the 

 latter, apart from the plants, is the various constructions 

 of stone, such as mounds, ledges, pockets for the accom- 

 modation of plants, more or less perpendicular walls, 

 rocks, or boulders. Rockeries are often constructed 

 with more or less plausible imitations of stratified rocks, 

 but natural stone is better, when built and arranged 

 with skill and taste. 



GARDEN BALSAM. Justi'cia ptctora'lis. 



GARDEN BF.K'ri.F,, In June and July, a small, pretty 

 beetle very often may be found among the petals of 

 white roses. It is nearly half an inch long, and rather 

 less than a quarter of an inch broad. Its wing-cases are 

 reddish-brown, shining, and shorter than the body ; the 

 body and head are dark green, and the antennae reddish, 

 having at their ends a dark green club. This is the 

 garden beetle (Phyllopertha horticola and Melolontha 

 horticola of some). It feeds on the leaves of apples, 

 pears, and roses, gnawing them full of small holes, and 

 even transferring its attacks to the young fruit of the 

 apple. During the latter part of July the female retires 

 into the earth for the purpose of there depositing her 

 eggs, from which the grubs are speedily produced, and 

 feed upon the roots of plants. The only mode of reducing 

 the number of these beetles is by searching for them 

 during the evening, when, if detected, they stiffen their 

 outstretched legs, and feign death ; but in the day they 

 fly about swiftly, and are captured with great difficulty. 



GARDEN PEBBLE-MOTH (Scapula forficularis). The 

 perfect insect, says Mr. Curtis, measures rather more 

 than an inch across when its wings are expanded. The 

 upper pair are hazel-coloured, with four stripes, two of 

 which are distinct, and the other faint ; the under wings 

 as well as the body are whitish ; and on the former, 

 near the centre, there is a curved brown streak, and 

 another black on the margin. The first brood of cater- 

 pillars occurs in May, and the second in the autumn ; 

 and when very numerous they do considerable injury to 

 cabbages and plantations of horse-radish. The cater- 

 pillar is eight or ten lines long, with the head of a light 

 brown colour, and the body is yellowish-green, with black 

 longitudinal stripes. Like other caterpillars, it may be 

 destroyed by being dusted with white hellebore powder. 



GARDENER. The day is gone when the spade and 

 the blue apron were the only appropriate devices for the 

 gardener. He must now not only have a thorough 

 practical knowledge of his art, but he must also have an 

 intimate acquaintance with its sciences. No man can 

 have stored in his mind too much knowledge ; but there 

 are always some branches of information of more value 

 than others. Of these, to the gardener, there are none 

 so important as botany and chemistry botany, physio- 

 logical as well as systematic chemistry, especially as 

 applied to the examination of organic nature. The 

 relative duties between the gardener and his master are 

 embodied in that universal rule Do as you would be 

 done by. The head gardener is the superior of the valet 

 or butler; for his education and knowledge are of a 

 higher order. The under gardeners, though necessarily 

 hardy, and the open air is their appropriate whereabouts, 

 should have work assigned to them suitable to the 

 clemency or inclemency of the season ; for no men are 

 more liable to suffer early in life from rheumatism. 



There are two golden sentences which we would have 

 always kept in mind by the gardener : 



1. Let all things be done orderly. 



2. Be always ready to give an account of your steward- 

 ship. 



GARDENER'S GARTER. Fha'laris arnndmacca varie- 

 ga'ta. 



GARDE NIA. (Named after Dr. Garden, an American. 

 Nat. ord. Cinchonads [Rubiaceas]. Linn. $-Penlandna, 

 i-Monogynia.) 



Sweet-scented evergreen shrubs. Cuttings of shoots 

 half ripe, in sand, under glass, and in a moist bottom- 

 heat. This moist heat, when growing and when starting 

 into bloom, is the very life of all the stove species. Even 

 the greenhouse kinds do best when pruned after flowering, 

 grown rapidly afterwards ; if in a moist atmosphere 

 from decomposing material, such as dung and leaves, all 

 the better ; hardened off and ripened by exposure to 

 light and air in autumn, rested in a cool and dryish 

 atmosphere in winter, and started into bloom in a moist 

 heat again, and then removed to the greenhouse ; peat 

 and loam. Summer temp. 60 to 85 ; winter, 45 to 55. 



GREENHOUSE. 



G. amae'na (pleasing). 4. Pink. July. China. 

 angustifo'lia (narrow-leaved). 3. White. 1823. 

 ,, citriodo'ra (lemon-scented). See MITRIOSTIGMA 



AXILLARE. 



,, fto'rida (flowery). 5. Pale yellow. August. China 



and Japan. 1754. 

 ,, fortunea'na (Fortune's double-flowered). 5. White. 



July. N. China. 1844. 

 plefna (double- flowertd). 5. Pale yellow. August. 



China. 1754. 

 rod i' cans (rooting), i. White. June. China. 



1804. 

 si'mplici (single). 5. White. January. China. 



1831. 

 ,, ,, variega'ta (variegated). Leaves blotched with 



cream. 



, Fortu'nei (Fortune's). See G. FLORIDA FORTUNEANA. 

 , globo'sa (globe-fruited). White. June. Caffraria. 

 , jasminoi'des (Jasminum-like). White. China. 1866. 

 , Maru'ba (Maruba). See G. JASMINOIDES. 

 , radi'cans (rooting). See G. FLORIDA RADICANS. 

 Rothma'nnia (Rothmann's). 10. Pale yellow. July. 



Cape of Good Hope. 1774. 

 ,, spino'sa (spiny). See RANDIA DUMETORUM. 

 Thunbe'rgia (Thunberg's). 6. White. February. 



Cape of Good Hope. 1773- 



STOVE. 



G. arma'ta (armed). See RANDIA ARMATA. 

 ,, campanula' ta (bell-flowered). Himalaya and Burma. 



1815. 

 devonia'na (Duke of Devonshire's). 6. White. 



September. Sierra Leone. 1845. 

 ,, dumeto'rum (thicket). See RANDIA DUMETORUM. 

 floribu'nda (free-flowering). See RANDIA DUMETORUM. 

 ,, fra grans (fragrant). See RANDIA MALABARICA. 

 grandiflo'ra (large-flowered). White. Cochin-China. 

 hexago'na (six-angled). White. Brazil. 1868. 

 Hie'rnii (Hiern's). White. W. Trop. Africa. 

 latifo'lia (broad-leaved). 7. Pale yellow. E. Ind. 



1787. 



longiflo'ra (long-flowered). See RANDIA MACRANTHA. 

 longisty'la (long-styled). See MACROSPHYRA LONGI- 



STYLA. 



,, lu'cida (shining). 4. White. India. 1819. 

 mallei'fera (clapper-bearing). See RANDIA MALLEI- 



FERA. 



monta'na (mountain). See G. TURGID A. 

 ni'tida (shining-leaved). 3. White. October. Sierra 



Leone. 



,, octo'mera (eight- parted). See RANDIA OCTOMERA. 

 Pave'tta (Pavetta-like). See STYLOCORYNE WEBERA. 

 Sherbou'rnics (Mrs. Sherbourne's). See SHERBOURNIA 



FOLIOSA. 

 sianleya'na (Stanley's. Earl of Derby's). See RANDIA 



MACULATA. 



tubiflo'ra (tube-flowered). See OXYANTHUS TUBI- 



FLORUS. 



tu'rgida (swollen). 8. White. India and Burma. 1819. 



