GRAINS OF PARADISE 394 



GRANGERIA 



The white wax and the fat are to be first melted, and 

 then the sealing-wax is to be added gradually, in small 

 pieces, the mixture being kept constantly stirred ; and, 

 lastly, the honey must be put in just before taking it off 

 the fire. It should be poured hot into paper or tin 

 moulds, to preserve for use as wanted, and be kept 

 slightly stirred till it begins to harden. 



GRAINS OF PARADISE. The pungent seeds of 

 Amo'mum Melegue"ta. 



GRAMMA'NGIS. (From gramma, a letter or writing ; 

 in allusion to the spotting of the flowers. Nat. ord. 

 Orchidaceas.) 



Stove Orchids allied to Grammatophyllum. Divisions. 

 Pots or baskets, well drained and filled with fibrous peat 

 and sphagnum. 

 G. Elli'sii (Ellis's). i. Sepals yellow, blotched brown ; 



petals and lip nearly white. Madagascar. 

 daya'num (Dayan). Yellow, without markings. 



1880. 

 Hutto'ni (Hutton's). See CVMBIDIUM HUTTONI. 



GRAMMA'NTHES. (From gramma, writing, and 

 anthos, a flower ; marks like V being on the corolla. 

 Nat. ord. Houseleeks [Crassulaceee]. Linn. $-Pentandria, 

 5-Pentagynia.) 



Greenhouse annuals, from South Africa. Sow thinly 

 in pots, well drained ; lime-rubbish and sandy loam, 

 equal parts ; plants may be kept in greenhouse, or 

 planted on rock-work in summer. 

 G. cUoraflo'ra (yellow-flowered). See G. GENTIANOIDES. 



gcntianof des (Gentian-like). \. Pinkish-red. 1848. 



,, retrofle'xa (bent-back). See G. GENTIANOIDES. 



GRAMMATOCA'RPUS. (From gramma, a letter, and 

 carpos, a fruit; the fruits being marked. Nat. ord. 

 Loasaceae.) 



Half-hardy, twining annual. Seeds in a gentle heat 

 in March, planting out the seedlings in May. 

 G. volu'bilis (twining). Deep yellow. July, August. 

 Chili. 1824. 



GRAMMATOPHY'LLUM. (From grammata, letters, 

 and phullon, a leaf ; referring to the markings on the 

 leaves. Nat. ord. Orchids [Orchidacea?]. Linn. 20- 

 Gynandria, i-Monandria. Allied to Brassia.) 



Stove orchids. Divisions ; basket well raised in it, 

 and packed with sphagnum and fibrous peat. Summer 

 temp., 60 to 90 ; winter, 50 to 55. 

 G. e'legans (elegant). Brown, with yellow edges. Pacific 



Islands. 1882. 



Etti'sii (Ellis's). See GRAMMANGIS ELLISII. 

 fenzlia'num (Fenzlian). 4. Yellow, blotched with 



brown. Amboyna. 



Guilie'lmi II (William II). See G. RUMPHIANUM. 

 measuresia'num (Measuresian). See G. RUMPHIANUM. 

 multiflo'rum (many-flowered). 2. Brown, green. 



May. Manilla. 1838. 

 tigri'num (tiger-like). Spotted. May. Manilla. 



1837- 

 paniheri'num (panther-like). Spotted with dark 



blotches. New Guinea. 1878. 



rcempleria'num (Roemplerian). Madagascar. 1877. 

 ,, rumphia'num (Rumphian). 4-5. Yellow, blotched 



with brown. Moluccas. 

 scri'ptum (written). Yellow, marked with brown. 



Moluccas. 



seegeria'num (Seegerian). See G. RUMPHIANUM. 

 specio'sum (showy). 6. Yellow, brown. May. 

 Malaya. 1837. 



GRAMMITIS. (From gramme, lettering ; in reference 

 to the spore-cases, or seed apparatus. Nat. ord. Ferns 

 [Filices]. Linn. 2^-Cryptogamia, i-Filices. Some are 

 referred to Polypodium, others to Gymnogramme.) 



Chiefly stove Ferns, with brownish-yellow spores. 

 Division ; peat and loam. Summer temp., 60 to 80 ; 

 winter, 50 to 58. 

 G. austra'lis (Australian). July. N. S. Wales. 1822. 



cuculla'ta (hooded). July. Isle of Luzon. 1840. 



elonga'ta (elongated). July. W. Ind. 1824. 



furca'ta (forked-leaved) . July. Trinidad. 1825. 



hi'rta (hairy). July. Isle of Luzon. 1840. 



lanceola'ta (spear-head-leaved). July. Mauritius. 

 1824. 



linea'ris (naxrovr-leaved). July. Jamaica. 1823. 



GRANADI'LLA. This is a name sometimes given to 

 several species of the Passiflora ; but one only is the 

 true Granadilla, Passiflo'ra quadrangula' ris ; but P. 

 edu'lis also produces edible fruit, and may be similarly 

 cultivated. We are aware that there are other species 

 of Passiflora, the fruits of which are eatable, such as the 

 P. malifo'rmis, or sweet calabash ; P. laurifo'lia, the 

 laurel-leaved or water-lemon ; and P. incarna'ta, or the 

 flesh-coloured, &c. 



Propagation. They are nearly all readily propagated 

 by seeds ; but most cultivators who grow them for table 

 purposes prefer cuttings ; and they are quite right ; for, 

 like most of the Cucurbitaceous group, to which they 

 approximate, they are apt to run much to bine if raised 

 from seed. Plants from cuttings grow more moderately, 

 and blossom sooner. Seedlings will fruit readily at two 

 years old ; but cuttings struck very early in the spring, 

 and highly cultivated, will fruit the same autumn, but 

 not produce a full crop. 



Soil. A somewhat light and generous soil is best. 

 The following is an excellent compost : Decomposed, 

 mellow, turfy loam, two parts ; old leaf-soil, two parts ; 

 heath-soil, one part ; and sand, one part. 



Culture in Growing Period. P. quadrangula' ris requires 

 a greater heat than P. edu'lis in. fact, a heat equivalent 

 to the Pine stove ; whilst P. edu'lis will succeed well in 

 an ordinary vinery. Bottom-heat is most essential, 

 especially for the P. quadrangula' ris ; and, indeed, in 

 this, and a generous soil, consists the chief secret of 

 successful culture. No place can exceed the corner of 

 the bark-bed for the culture of either, provided they can 

 ramble freely overhead, unshaded by vines or other 

 creepers ; for light is also essential. The corner of the 

 bark-bed must be separated by bricks, pigeon-holed ; a 

 triangular space, which will hold a wheelbarrow of soil, 

 will suffice, putting some bricks below for drainage. The 

 shoots must be carried up to within a foot or so of the 

 roof, and may then be trained in any way most con- 

 venient. The P. edu'lis will produce many branches ; 

 these must be kept thinned out, after the manner of 

 Melons ; but no stopping is requisite. The P. quad- 

 rangula'ris does not so soon crowd itself with spray ; 

 nevertheless, it will at times require thinning out. 

 Liberal waterings must be given, and it must be re- 

 membered that the roots will extend through the pigeon- 

 holes into the bark-bed, and will principally follow the 

 side of the pit walls. The most important matter, how- 

 ever, is the artificial impregnation of the blossoms ; for 

 they will seldom " set " without it. The following is Mr. 

 Appleby's mode of setting P. quadrangula' 'ris : The 

 whole of the calyx, corolla, and crown must be cut off 

 with a sharp pair of pointed scissors ; and this must be 

 done without injuring the flower-stem. When all these 

 are cut away, there only remains the essential parts of 

 the flower ; the stamens, five in number, and the three 

 stigmas. Then cut off one or more of the stamens bear- 

 ing the anthers ; and do this without shaking the dust 

 or pollen out of the anthers ; then touch each stigma 

 with the anther, covering them with the fertilising 

 powder. Take an opportunity of performing this opera- 

 tion early in the morning, at the very time when the 

 anthers are observed to be bursting. So far Mr. Appleby 

 is, doubtless, right as concerns the P. quadrangula'ris, 

 which has an exceedingly succulent calyx, and other 

 appurtenances ; but we never took any further pains 

 with P. edu'lis than to look over the plants every day 

 about noon ; and whatever blossoms might be out, to 

 pluck one of the anthers from it, and touch the face of 

 the stigmas with it. By these means they generally 

 become impregnated. 



Culture in Rest Period. As soon as the bearing season 

 is over, towards October, the plants will sink to rest, 

 and this may be facilitated by withholding water entirely. 

 They will now become partially deciduous, and this will 

 induce a ripeness in the shoots ; and in the following 

 February they may be pruned, cutting back all spongy 

 and immature growths. 



Fruit. It is used in the dessert, and is capable of 

 being kept for a fortnight or so in a fruit-room, or other 

 place, if perfectly dry. 



Insects. We have known the Red Spider to attack 

 the P. quadrangula'ris. For remedy, see ACARUS. 



GRANGE'RIA. (Named from N. Granger, a traveller 

 in Egypt and Persia. Nat. ord. Chrysobalans [Rosaceae]. 

 Linn. n-Dodecandria, i-Monogynia.) 



