MAR1CA 



534 



MARRUBIUM 



MA'RICA. (From maraino, to flag ; referring to the 

 ephemeral nature of the flowers, which last hardly a 

 day. Nat. ord. Irids [Iridaceae]. Linn. %-Triandria, 

 i-Monogynia. Allied to Iris.) 



Greenhouse herbaceous evergreens. By seed, sown in 

 a slight hotbed in spring ; by offsets, in abundance, 

 though seed ripens very freely ; sandy loam, peat, and 

 leaf -mould. 



M. aphy'lla (leafless). See BOBARTIA APHYLLA. 

 br achy' pus (short-stalked). ij. Bright yellow, 



banded brown. Trinidad. 1871. 

 cceru'lea (blue). 2. Blue. May. Brazil. 1818. 

 ccele'stis (sky-blue). 3. Blue. Brazil. 1829. 

 gladia'ta (sword-shaped). See BOBARTIA GLADJATA. 

 gra'cilis (slender). 2. Yellow, blue. August. Brazil. 



1830. 

 Helc'na (Helen's). Blue and white, 5 in. across. 



Brazil. 1905. 



hu'milis (low), i-ij. Yellowish-white, barred red- 

 brown. S. Brazil. 1825. 

 lu'tea (yellow). See M. LUTEA. 

 iridifo'lia (Iris-leaved). See SISYRINCHIUM IRIDI- 



FOLIUM. 

 longifo'lia (long-leaved). Striped. August. Brazil. 



1830. 

 lu'tea (yellow), ij. Bright yellow, barred red-brown. 



S. Brazil. 1840. 



tnartinice'nsis (Martinique). See TRIMEZA LURIDA. 

 northia'na (North's). 4. Yellow. June. Brazil. 



1789. 

 sple'ndens (splendid). More brightly coloured. 



Brazil. 1895. 

 occidenta'lis (western). Flowers smaller and leaves 



shorter than M. northiana. Peru. 1892. 

 paludo'sa (marsh), i. White. July. Guiana. 1792. 

 plica'ta (plaited). See ELEUTHERINE PLICATA. 

 Sabi'ni (Captain Sabine's). See M. C^ERULEA. 

 ,, spatha'cea (large-spathed). See BOBARTIA SPATHACEA. 



MARIGOLD. Cale'ndula officina'lis. 



Varieties, Single, Common double, Largest very 

 double, Double lemon-coloured, Great Childing, Small 

 Childing. The single-flowered, and those which have 

 the darkest orange colour, possess the most flavour. 



Soil. Light, dry, poor, and unshaded. In rich ground 

 they grow larger, but lose much of their flavour. 



Sow any time from the close of February until June ; 

 or in autumn, during September. If left to themselves, 

 they multiply from the self-sown seed. Sow in drills, 

 ten inches apart ; the plants to be left where raised, 

 being thinned to ten or twelve inches asunder ; but 

 when the seedlings are two or three inches in height, 

 they may be removed into rows at similar distances as 

 above. Water must be given moderately every other 

 day in dry weather until established. 



Gathering. The flowers, which the spring-raised plants 

 will produce in the June of the same year, but those 

 of autumn not until that of the following one, will be fit 

 to gather for keeping in July, when they are fully ex- 

 panded, as well as for use when required. Before storing, 

 they must be dried perfectly. 



MARIGOLD, AFRICAN. Tage'tes ere'cta. 



MARIGOLD, FRENCH. Tage'tes pa'tula. 



MARIGOLD, GREAT CAPE. Dimorphothe ca hy'brida. 



MARIGOLD, MARSH. Ca'ltha palu'stris. 



MA'RILA. (From marile, live embers, or sparks ; re- 

 ferring to pellucid dots on the leaves, or yellow fringe 

 round the seed-pod. Nat. ord. Theads [Ternstromiacea?]. 

 Linn. i^-Polyandria, 5-Pentagynia. Allied to Mahurea.) 



Stove evergreen shrub. Cuttings of shoots, when short, 

 and getting firm at their base ; sandy peat and loam, 

 well-drained, and open. Winter temp., 50* to 55 ; 

 summer, 60* to 80*. 



Af. racemo'sa (racemed). 12. Yellow, green. August. 

 W. Ind. 1827. 



MARI'SCUS. (From mar, a swamp ; in allusion to 

 the place where it grows. Nat. ord. Cyperaceae.) 



Greenhouse evergreen herb. Divisions. Loam, leaf- 

 mould, sand. 

 Af. Gra'ntii (Grant's). Flower-heads globular. Natal. 



1898. 

 umbile'nsis (Umbilian). See M. GRANTII. 



MARJORAM. (Ori'ganum.) 0. Majora'na, Sweet or 

 Summer Marjoram. 0. heracleo'ticum, Winter Marjoram. 

 0. Oni'tes, Common or Pot Marjoram. 



Soil. Light, dry, and moderately fertile. The situa- 

 tion cannot be too open. 



Propagation. The Sweet Marjoram is propagated 

 solely by seeds ; the others by seed, as well as by parting 

 their roots, and slips of their branches. Sow from the 

 end of February, if open weather, to the commencement 

 of June ; but the early part of April is best. Portions of 

 the rooted plants, slips, &c., may be planted from Feb- 

 ruary until May, and during September and October. 



Sow in drills, six inches apart, the seed being buried 

 not more than a quarter of an inch deep. When the 

 seedlings are two or three inches high, thin to six inches, 

 and those removed may be pricked in rows at a similar 

 distance. Those of the annual species (0. Major a' na) 

 are to remain ; but those of the perennials, to be finally 

 removed during September, water being given at every 

 removal, and until the plants are established. 



Plant slips, &c., in rows ten or twelve inches apart, 

 where they are to remain ; they must be watered mode- 

 rately every evening, and shaded during the day until 

 they have taken root. In October the decayed parts of 

 the perennials are cut away, and some soil from the 

 alleys scattered over the bed about half an inch in depth, 

 the surface of the earth between the stools being previ- 

 ously stirred gently. The tops and leaves of all the 

 species are gathered when green, in summer and autumn, 

 for use, in soups, &c. ; and a store of the branches are 

 cut and dried in July or August, just before the flowers 

 open, for winter's supply. 



Seed. If a plant or two are left ungathered from the 

 Pot Marjoram, the seed ripens in the course of the autumn. 

 But the others seldom ripen their seed in this country ; 

 consequently it is usually obtained from the south of 

 France or Italy. 



Forcing. When the green tops are much in request, a 

 small quantity of seed of the Summer Marjoram is sown 

 in January or February, in a moderate hotbed. 



MARKET-GARDENER, one who grows garden produce 

 for sale. 



MARKING FRUIT. Anaca'rdium. 



MARL is a compound of chalk (carbonate of lime) 

 with either siliceous sand or alumina. In the first 

 instance it is a siliceous marl, best applied to heavy 

 soils ; and in the latter a clayey marl, adapted for light 

 lauds. Slaty and shell-marls are varieties of the siliceous. 

 The relative proportions of the constituents vary in- 

 definitely, the chalk amounting to from 15 to 75 per 

 cent. The quantity applied per acre must also vary 

 greatly, according to the object to be attained. To 

 render a light soil more tenacious, 100 tons per acre of 

 clayey marl are not too much ; neither is the same 

 quantity of siliceous marl an excess, if applied to a heavy 

 soil to render it more friable. 



MA'RLEA. (From marlija, the Indian name. Nat. 

 ord. Dogwoods [Cornaceas]. Linn. 8-Octandria, i-Mono- 

 gynia. Allied to Nyssa.) 



Greenhouse evergreen and hardy shrubs. Cuttings of 

 shoots, or rather, short, stubby side-shoots, taken off 

 with a heel, in sand, under glass ; peat and loam. Winter 

 temp., 40 to 48. 

 Af. begonicefo'lia (Begonia-leaved). 4-6. Yellowish. 



China. 1824. 



,, platanifo'lia (Platanus-leaved). 5-6. White. 

 China and Japan. Hardy, deciduous. 



MARRU'BIUM. Horehound. (From the Hebrew 

 marrob, bitter juice. Nat. ord. Labiates [Labiatae]. 

 Linn. i^-Didynamia, i-Gymnospermia.) 



Hardy herbaceous perennials. Division of the roots 

 in spring ; by slips, in a shady place, or shaded for a 

 time, and by seeds ; common garden soil. 

 M. affi'ne (related). See M. LEONUROIDES. 

 ,, Aly'sson (Alysson). i|. Purple. July. Spain. 1597. 

 ,, a'pulum (not-closed). See M. VULGARE LAN ATOM. 

 ,, astraca'nicum (Astrachan). i. Blue. Asia Minor. 

 candidi'ssimum (whitest). 2. White. July. Levant. 



1732. 



cataricefo'lium (catmint-leaved), ij. Purple. July. 

 Levant. 1819. 



