NIEREMBERGIA 



589 



NIPHOBOLUS 



N. amazo'nicwn (Amazonian). See KARAT AS AMAZONICA. 



ampulla' ceum (flagon-shaped). Brazil. 1880. Blue, 

 white. Brazil. 1880. 



Bino'ti (Binot's). White. Rosette flat. November. 

 Brazil. 1877. 



bivitta'ta (two-striped). See CRVPTANTHUS BIVITTA- 

 TUS. 



Carolina (Caroline's). See KARATAS CAROLINA. 



cya'neum (blue). Blue, violet. Brazil. 1874. 



fu'lgens (shining). See KARATAS FULGENS. 



InnocJntii (Innocenti's). See KARATAS INNOCENTII. 



Joha'nnis (John's). White. Brazil. 1884. 



Laure'ntii (Laurent's). Blue. Brazil. 1867. 



Linde'ni (Linden's). See CANISTRUM EBURNEUM. 



makoya'num (Makoyan). White, violet. Brazil. 

 1887. 



marmora'tum (marbled). See KARATAS MARMORATA. 



Meyendo'rffi(Meyendor8's). See KARATAS CAROLINA. 



paxia'num (Paxian). See KARATAS PAXIAKA. 



pictu'ra (painted). Brazil. 1859. 



pinelia'num (Pinelian). Blue. Brazil. 1860. 



pri'nceps magni'ficum (magnificent-chief). See KARA- 

 TAS PRINCEPS. 



ru'tilans (glowing-red). See KARATAS RUTILANS. 



Scher emetie'wii (Scheremetiew's). See KARATAS 



SCHEREMETIEWII. 



specta'bile (showy). See KARATAS SPECTABILIS. 



stria' turn (striped). See KARATAS INNOCENTII STRIATA. 



NIEREMBE RGIA. (Named after /. E. Nieremberg, a 

 Spanish Jesuit. Nat. ord. Nightshades [Solanaceae]. Linn. 

 5-Pentandria, i-Monogynia. Allied to Petunia.) 



Pretty half-hardy plants for flower-beds. Cuttings 

 root freely under a hand-light in summer, if kept shaded ; 

 and very freely in deep pits, in autumn, without shading, 

 if the glass is from 18 to 24 inches from the cuttings ; 

 and most freely in a slight hotbed in spring, from plants 

 commencing to grow after being kept rather cool over 

 the winter. Sandy loam and a little peat, and, when 

 quick growth is wanted, a little cow-dung ; kept in a 

 cool greenhouse, or a dry, cold pit in winter, where frost 

 can be excluded ; the soil in winter should be poor, and 

 kept rather dry ; propagated, also, easily by sowing in 

 a slight hotbed in March and April, potting and turning 

 out the seedlings into the flower-garden in the middle 

 of May. 

 N. arista' ta (awned-leaved). . White, purple. July. 



Argentina. 1832. Annual. 

 atkinsia'na (Atkinsian). Garden form. 

 calyci'na (/argc-calyxed). J. White. July. Uruguay. 



1834. Herbaceous. 



filicau'lis (thread-stemmed). See N. LINARI^EFOLIA. 

 frute'scens (shrubby). Blue, white. Chili. 1867. 

 gra'cilis (slender). White, purple. July. Uruguay. 



1831. Herbaceous. 

 intermedia (intermediate). See SALPIGLOSSIS 



LINEARIS. 

 linariaio'lia (toadflax-leaved). \. Whitish. July. 



Uruguay. 1831. Evergreen. 

 ph&ni'cea (purple). See PETUNIA VIOLACEA. 

 rivula'ris (river). J. Creamy-white. July. Argen- 

 tina. 1866. " Trailing Cup-flower." 

 Vei'tchii (Veitch's). Pale lilac. Trop. Amer. 1866. 



NIGE LLA. Fennel-Flower. (From niger, black ; the 



colour of the seeds. Nat. ord. Crowfoots [Ranunculaceae]. 



Linn. i^-Polyandria, 5-Pentagynia. Allied to Aquilegia.) 



Hardy annuals. Seeds in the open ground any time 



after the middle of March. 



N. angustifo'lia (narrow-leaved). See N. DAMASCENA. 

 arista'ta (awned). See N. ARVENSIS. 

 arve'nsis (field). 2. Blue. August. Europe. 

 cilia 'ris (hair-fringed), i. Yellow. July. Levant. 

 cornicvla'ta (small-horned), i. Yellow. July. 1820. 

 ,, damasce'na (damask). i$. Lilac, blue.* July. S. 



Europe. 1570. " Love-in-a-Mist." 

 ,, flo're-ple'no (double-flowered), i$. Lilac, blue. 



July. S. Europe. 1570. 



,, diversifo'lia (diverse-leaved). See N. INTEGRIFOLIA. 

 hispa'nica (Spanish). i. Brown, white. July. 



Spain. 1629. 

 integrifo'lia (entire-leaved), i. Blue. Turkestan. 



1908. 



latifo'lia (broad-leaved). See N. HISPANICA. 

 or ienta'lis (eastern), ij. Yellow. July. Syria. 1699. 



N. sati'va (cultivated). i. Yellow. July. Egypt. 



1548. " Black Cumin." 

 citri'na (citron-colouied-seeded). ij. Pale blue. 



July. S. Europe. 



erotica (Cretan), ij. Pale blue. July. Crete. 

 i'ndica (Indian), i. Pale blue. July. E. Ind. 



NIGHTSHADE. Sola'num. 

 NIGHTSHADE, ENCHANTER'S. CirctSa. 

 NIGHT-SOIL. See DUNG. 



NIGHT TEMPERATURE in hothouses, greenhouses, 

 and frames should always average from 10 to 20 lower 

 than the temperature in which the plants are grown 

 during the day. It is in the night that the individual 

 functions are renovated by a temporary repose, and if 

 left to the dictates of healthy nature, the sap, like the 

 blood, rises at night with a much diminished velocity. 

 That plants do become exhausted by too unremitting 

 excitement, is proved to every gardener who has peach- 

 houses under his rule ; for if the greatest care be not 

 taken to rfpen the wood by exposure to the air and light 

 during the summer, no peach-tree will be fruitful if 

 forced during a second successive winter, but will require 

 a much more increased temperature than at first to 

 excite it even to any advance in vegetation. 



The experiments of Harting and Munter upon vines 

 growing in the open air, and those of Dr. Lindley upon 

 vines in a hothouse, coincide in testifying that this 

 tree grows most during the less light and cooler hours of 

 the twenty-four ; but the hours of total darkness were 

 the period when the vine grew slowest. This, observes 

 Dr. Lindley, seems to show the danger of employing a 

 high night temperature, which forces such plants into 

 growing fast at a time when nature bids them repose. 



That the elevation of temperature at night does hurt- 

 fully excite plants is proved by the fact, that the branch 

 of a vine, kept at that period of the day in temperature 

 not higher than 50, inhales from one-sixteenth to one- 

 tenth less oxygen than a similar branch of the same 

 vine, during the same night, in a temperature of 75. 

 The exhalation of moisture and carbonic acid is also 

 proportionably increased by the higher temperature. 



NI'PA. (The Moluccan name. Nat. ord. Palms [Pal- 

 macea?]. Linn. 2i-Monoecia, io-Monadelphia.) 



Stove Palm. Seeds in a strong, moist heat, not giving 

 too much moisture to the seed at first ; rich loam. 

 Winter temp., 60 to 65 ; summer, 60 to 90, and 

 moist atmosphere. 

 N. fru'ticans (shrubby). 10. White. E. Ind. 1822. 



NIPH2E'A. (From niphos, snow ; snow-white flowers. 

 Nat. ord. Gesnerworts [Gesneraceae]. Linn. i4-Didy- 

 namia, 2-Angiospermia. Allied to Achimenes.) 



Stove herbaceous, white-flowered perennials. Divisions 

 of the roots, as growth commences, in the spring ; sandy 

 loam and peat, enriched with leaf-mould or rotten cow- 

 dung. Temp, when at rest, 40 to 45 ; when starting 

 and potted, 55 to 70 ; when growing, 60 to 75 ; when 

 flowering, rather less ; until after flowering they are 

 allowed to become nearly dry, when a low temperature 

 suits them. 

 N. a'lbo-linea'ta (white-lined-leaved). See PHIN^EA ALBO- 



LINEATA. 



argyroneu'ra (silver-nerved). See PHIN^A RETICU- 



LATA. 



cu'preo-vi'rens (coppery- green). September. 1860. 



gra'cilis (slender). S. Amer. 1868. 



oblo'nga (oblong). $. September. Guatemala. 1841. 



Rae'dii (Rcezl's). Trop. Amer. 1877. 



ru'bida (red), j. November. Guatemala. 1846. 



rtt'bra (red-haired). See N. RUBIDA. 



NIPHO'BOLUS. (From niphobolus, covered with 

 snow ; referring to the white covering of the spore-cases. 

 Nat. ord. Ferns [Filices]. Linn. 24-Cryptogamia, i- 

 Filices. Now referred to Polypodium, which see.) 



Stove Ferns, with brown spores. See FERNS. 

 N. acrostichoi'des (Acrostichum-like). September. Isle 



of Luzon. 

 ,, adna'scens (stem-leaf-pressed). f. May. E. Ind. 



1824. 



va'rius (variable). Larger variety. July. Malacca. 

 1845. 



