PANSY FLY 



633 



PAPHINIA 



silver-sand, taking care to keep them moderately moist, 

 and shading them from hot suns. 



The Disease to which the Pansy is most subject is a 

 withering away suddenly, as if struck by something at 

 the root. This disease has received various names, as 

 root-rot, decline, &c. ; but both cause and remedy are 

 unknown. Old plants are much more subject to it than 

 young ones, and it appears to be most prevalent during 

 hot and dry seasons. When a plant is thus struck, 

 which is indicated by a withering of the foliage, if it be 

 rare and choice kind, immediately take all the cuttings 

 you can get, and strike them, as almost invariably the 

 old plants die. Strong, stimulating manures are pro- 

 ductive of this disease. As a preventive keep the surface 

 of the soil frequently stirred. 



Insects. The worst foes of the Pansy are the slug 

 and the snail. To destroy and keep away these vermin, 

 water the bed late of an evening, in moist weather, with 

 lime-water, and sprinkle the surface pretty thickly with 

 fresh wood-ashes. See AGROMYZA. 



Box for exhibiting Blooms. Dr. Lindley says, that the 

 best-constructed box for exhibiting twenty-four Heart's- 

 ease is made of deal, of the following dimensions : 

 20 inches long, i foot wide, and 5 inches deep ; the lid 

 made to unhinge ; a sheet of zinc fitted inside, resting 

 upon a rim ; four rows of six holes each cut in the zinc 

 at 3 inches apart : under each hole a zinc tube soldered 

 to the plate, and intended to contain the water ; the 

 apertures to admit the flower made in the form of a 

 key-hole, as it will admit part of the calyx, and keep the 

 flower in a flat position. The outside may be painted 

 green ; but the zinc plate should be painted of a dead 

 white. 



PANSY FLY. Agromyza. 

 PANTILES. See BRICKS. 



PAPA'VER. Poppy. (From papa, pap, or thick 

 milk ; referring to the juice. Nat. ord. Poppyicorts 

 [Papaveraceae]. Linn. i^-Polyandria, i-Monogynia.) 



Seeds in March and April, where the plants are to 

 remain ; division of the roots of the perennial ones ; 

 light, rich, sandy soil. 



HARDY PERENNIALS. 



P. aculea'tum (prickly) . 2. Brick-red. S.Africa. 1825. 

 alpi'num (alpine), f. White. July. Arctic and 



alpine regions. 1759. 



puni'ceum (red), i. Red. June. Switzerland. 

 ,, ru'bro-auranti'acum (red-orange), i. Orange-red. 



Dahuria. 1822. 



armeni'acum (Armenian). See P. CAUCASICUM. 

 atla'nticum (Atlantic). See P. RUPIFRAGUM ATLANTI- 



CUM. 



bractea'tum (bracted) . See P. ORIENTALS BRACTEATUM. 

 Burse'ri (Burser's). See P. ALPINUM. 

 cauca'sicum (Caucasian). 1-2. Red. June. Cauca- 

 sus. 1813. 



cro'ceum (saffron-coloured). See P. NUDICAULE. 

 ,, floribu'ndum (free-flowering). See P. CAUCASICUM. 

 fu'gax (fugaceous). See P. CAUCASICUM. 

 garie'pinum (Gariepinan). See P. ACULEATUM. 

 Heldrei'chii (Heldreich's). See P. SCHINZIANUM. 

 lateri'tium (brick-red), i|. Brick-red. Armenia. 

 nudicau'le (naked-stalked), ij. Yellow. July. 1730. 



Arctic and alpine regions. " Iceland Poppy." 

 ,, glabra'tum (smooth). $. Yellow. July. Siberia. 



1800. 

 ,, lu' team (yellow-flowered), ij. Yellow. July. 



Siberia. 1730. 

 ,, ,, radica'tum (rooted). . Yellow. July. Norway. 



1800. 



oly'mpicum (Olympic). See P. PILOSUM. 

 or ien.ta'le (eastern). 3. Red. May. Armenia. 1714. 

 bractea'tum (large-brae ted). 3-4. Red. May. 



Siberia. 1817. 

 ,, co'ncolor (one-coloured). 3. Scarlet. June. S. 



Europe. 1714- 

 macula'tum (spotted). 3. Scarlet. June. S. 



Europe. 1714. 



,, pe'rsicum (Persian). i|. Brick. June. Persia. 1830. 

 pilo'sum (long-hairy). Red. 2|. Bithynia. 

 Polla'ki (Pollak's). 3. Dark cherry-red. Persia. 



1888. 



pyrena'icum (Pyrenean). See P. ALPINUM. 

 puni'ceum (red). See P. ALPINUM PUNICEUM. 



P. radica'tum (rooting). See P. NUDICAULE. 

 ru'bro-auranti'acum (red-orange). See P. ALPINUM 



RUBRO-AURANTIACUM. 



,, rupi'fragum (rock- breaking). i-2. Salmon. April. 



Spain ; Morocco. 1890. 

 ,, alla'nticum (Atlantic). 1-2. Orange-red or 



scarlet. Morocco. 1890. 

 schinzia'num (Schinzian). 1-2. Brick-red. Probably 



a hybrid. 1910. 

 ,, villo'sum (villous). See P. PILOSUM. 



HARDY ANNUALS. 



P. amce'num (lovely). See P. SOMNIFERUM. 

 ,, a'pulum (not-closed). S. Europe, &c. 

 arena'rium(sa.nd). i. Red. June. Caucasus. 1828. 

 Argemo'ne(Arg,emone). i$. Scarlet. June. Britain. 

 ,, argemonoi'des ( Argemone-like) . See P. APULUM. 

 calif o'rnicum (Calif ornian). i. Clear orange, with 



yellow centre. 

 commuia' turn (changeable), i. Scarlet. July. Siberia. 



1839. 



corni'gerum (horn-bearing). See P. PAVONINUM. 

 du'bium (doubtful). 2. Scarlet. June. Britain. 

 flo're-a'lbo (white-flowered). White. June. 



Tauria. 

 glau'cum (sea-green), i. Deep scarlet-red. July. 



Armenia. 1891. " Tulip Poppy." 

 ,, Hoo'keri (Hooker's). See P. RHOZAS LATIFOLIUM. 

 ,, ho'rridum (horrid). See P. ACULEATUM. 

 hy'bridum (hybrid), i*. Scarlet. June. England. 

 Iceviga'tum (smooth-leaved). ij. Red. June. 



Caucasus. 1823. 

 Mone'ti (Monet's). Natural hybrid between P. 



glaucum and P. Rhoeas. 

 pavoni'num (peacock-like), i. Scarlet, with grey 



blotch, bordered by a black, horse-shoe shaped one 



on each petal. Afghanistan, &c. 1883. 

 Rhoz'as (Rhceas). 1-2. Bright red. June to August. 



Britain. " Corn Poppy," " Shirley Poppy." 

 ,, latifo'lium (broad-leaved). 3-4. Pale rose to 



crimson-scarlet, with white or blue-black blotch at 



the base. India. 

 umbro'sum (shady). 1-2. Scarlet, with four large 



black blotches. 1877. 

 Roubice'i (Roubieus's). See P. RHCEAS. 

 ,, seti'gerum (bristly). See P. SOMNIFERUM. 

 somnfferum (sleep-causing). 4. White. July. 



Greece ; Orient (England) . 



a'lbo-ple'num (dpuble-white-seeded). 5. Varie- 

 gated. July. Britain. 



,, a'lbum (white-seeded). 5. White. July. Britain. 

 fimbria'tum (fringed). 4. Variegated. July. 



Britain. 



ni'grum (black-seeded). 4. Purple. July. Britain. 

 ru'bro-ple'num (double-red). 5. Variegated. 



July. Britain. 

 ,, variega'tum (variegated). 4. Variegated. July. 



Britain. 



,, spica'tum (spiked), ii-2. Salmon. Asia Minor. 

 stri'ctum (upright). Phrygia. 

 ,, tri'lobum (three-lobed). See P. RHCEAS. 

 ,, umbro'sum (shady). See P. RHCEAS UMBROSUM. 



PAPA'YA, PAPAW-TREE. See CARICA PAPAYA. 

 PAPA'YA GRA'CILIS. See CARICA GRACILIS. 



PAPER LIGHTS were never much employed, and, since 

 the introduction of Whitney's and other compositions 

 for rendering cloth semi-transparent, are still less likely 

 to be employed. Cartridge paper is the best for the 

 purpose. It should be damped before it is nailed upon 

 the frame, because when dry it becomes taut. It may 

 then be painted over with boiled linseed oil, in which a 

 little white lead has been incorporated. In nailing on 

 the paper, a strip of tape should be placed between the 

 heads of the tacks and the paper, to check the tearing 

 to which the paper is so subject. 



PAPER MULBERRY. Broussone tia papyri'fera. 



PAPHTNIA. (Paphia, a surname of Venus. Nat. 



ord. Orchids [Orchidaceae]. Linn. 2O-Gynandria, i- 



Monandria. Now referred to Lycaste.) 



P. crista'ta (crested). See LYCASTE (PAPHINIA) CRIST ATA. 



modiglia'na (Modiglian). See LYCASTE CRIST ATA 



MODIGLIANA. 



