SALLOW 



768 



SALTS 



S. woolgaria'na (Woolgar's). See S. PURPUREA LAM- 



BERTIANA. 



wulfenia'na (Wulfen's). See S. GLABRA. 



SALLOW. Species of Salix, of which S. ca'prea is the 

 Common Sallow. Others are 5. cine'rea, S. auri'ta, S. 

 ni'gricans, and 5. phylicifo'lia. 



SALLOW THORN. Hippo'phae. 

 SA'LMEA. (Named after the Prince Salm Dyck. Nat. 

 ord. Composites [Composite]. Linn. ig-Syngenesia, i- 

 Mqualis. Allied to Spilanthes.) 



Stove evergreen twiners. Cuttings of firm, stubby 

 side-shoots in sand, under a bell-glass, in bottom-heat ; 

 rich, fibrous loam. Winter temp., 48 to 58 ; summer, 

 60 to 85. 

 S. Eupato'ria (Eupatorium-like). White. April. W. 



Ind. 1815. 

 sca'ndens (climbing). 6. Yellow. June. Vera 



Cruz. 1820. 



gra'ndiceps (large- headed). See S. EUPATORIA. 

 hirsu'ta (hairy). 6. Yellow. August. Jamaica. 1823. 

 sca'ndens (climbing). See S. EUPATORIA SCANDENS. 



SA'LMIA LAUCHEA'NA. See CARLUDOVICA LAUCHE- 



ANA. 



SALMON BERRY. Ru'bus nutka'nus and R. specta'- 

 bilis. 



SALPIA'NTHUS. (From salpinx, a tube, or trumpet, 

 and anthos, a flower ; referring to the coloured calyx, 

 which is tubular in all the plants in this order. Nat. 

 ord. Nyctagos [Nyctaginacese]. Linn. s-Pentandria, i- 

 Monogynia. Now referred to other genera.) 

 S. fra grans (sweet-scented). See PEUMUS BOLDUS. 

 lanceola'ta (spear- head-leaved) . See BOLDOA LANCEO- 



LATA. 



purpura'scens (purplish). See CRYPTOCARPUS LO- 

 BOSUS. 



SALPICHLaS'NA. (From salpinx, a tube, and chlaina, 

 a cloak ; the covering of the spore-cases. Nat. ord. 

 Ferns [Filices]. Linn. z^-Cryptogamia, i-Filices.) 

 S. volu'bilis (twining). See BLECHNUM VOLUBILE. 



SALPI'CHROA. (From salpinx, a tube, and chroa, 

 colour ; coloured tube. Nat. ord. Nightshades [Solan- 

 aceae]. Linn. ^-Pentandria, i-Monogynia.) 



Greenhouse evergreen shrub. Cuttings of half-ripened 

 shoots in sand, under a bell-glass ; peat and loam. 

 Winter temp., 45 to 50. 



S. glandulo'sa(glzndulous). Yellow. July. Peru. 1844. 



SALPIGLO'SSIS. (From salpinx, a tube, and glossa, 

 a tongue ; refers to the style in the tube of the flower. 

 Nat. ord. Nightshades [Solanaceae]. Linn. i^-Didynamia, 

 2- A ngiospermia.) 



Annuals and biennials, from South America ; do best 

 when sown in autumn and spring, for early spring and 

 summer blooming. Strawi'-nea, sown in spring in a 

 gentle hotbed, will bloom freely in summer and autumn 

 in the greenhouse ; rich, light soil. 

 S. atropurpu' rea (dark-purple). See S. SINUATA ATRO- 



PURPUREA. 



au'rea (golden). See S. SINUATA AUREA. 



barclaya'na (Barclayan). See S. SINUATA BARCLAYANA. 



cocci 'nea (scarlet). See S. SINUATA COCCINEA. 



integrifo'lia (entire-leaved) of Bot. Mag. See PETUNIA 



VIOLACEA. 



integrifo'lia (entire-leaved) of Loddiges. Argentina. 

 linea'ris (linear). i. Yellow, purple. August. 



Argentina. 1832. 



pi'cta (painted). See S. STRAMINEA PICTA. 

 sinua'ta (scolloped), i. Purple. August. Chili. 



1824. Annual. 

 atropurpu' rea (dark-purple). i. Dark purple. 



August. 



au'rea (golden), i-ij. Bright yellow. August. 

 barclaya'na (Barclayan). i-i.V. August. 



cocci'nea (scarlet), i-i. Scarlet. August. 

 strami'nea (straw-coloured). i$. Red, white. July. 



Chili. Annual. 

 pfcta (painted). 1-2. Variegated. July. 1820. 



SALPIGO'PHORA. (From salpinx, a tube, and phoreo, 

 to bear ; in allusion to the long tube of the flower. Nat. 

 ord. Bignoniacea3.) 



Evergreen, greenhouse shrub. Cuttings in sand under 

 a bell-glass. Fibrous loam, peat, and sand. 

 S. chiloe'nsis (Chilian). Crimson. Chili. 1862. 



SALPI'NGA. (From salpinx, a tube; the calyx is 

 tubular. Nat. ord. Melastomaceas.) 



Erect, branching stove herb. Cuttings in sand, in a 

 close case, with bottom-heat. Fibrous loam, lumpy 

 peat, leaf-mould, and sand. 



S. margarita' cea (pearly). Ji. Leaves spotted with 

 white. N. Brazil". 1862. 



SALPIXA'NTHA. (From salpinx, a tube, and anthos, 

 a flower. Nat. ord. Acanthads [Acanthaceae]. Linn. 

 14-Didynamia, z-Angiospermia. See GF.ISSOMERIA.) 

 S. cocci'nea (scarlet). See GEISSOMERIA COCCINEA. 



SALSIFY. Tragopo'gon porrifo'lius. 



Soil. Light and moderately fertile. At the time of 

 sowing trench it, turning in a little manure with the 

 bottom-spit only. 



Sow in March and April, in an open situation, in shallow 

 drills, 9 inches asunder, scatter the seeds thinly, and 

 cover them inch deep. When the plants are 2 or 

 3 inches high, thin to 10 inches asunder. During very 

 dry weather water occasionally very plentifully, and if 

 half an ounce of guano is added to each gallon of water 

 it will be very beneficial. They will have large roots by 

 September or October, when you begin taking them up 

 for use ; and in November, when the leaves begin to 

 decay, a quantity may be preserved in sand for use in 

 time of severe frost ; but those left in the ground will 

 not be injured. In spring, when those remaining in 

 the ground begin to vegetate, the shoots, when a few 

 inches high, may be cut for use as asparagus, being excel- 

 lent when quite young and tender. Suffer a few plants 

 to run up to stalk every spring to produce seed. The 

 best mode of cooking the roots is to boil and mash them, 

 form them into cakes, and fry them in butter. The 

 flavour is that of oyster patties. 



SALTS. Saline manures are generally beneficial, and 

 often essential. They ought to be put on in very small 

 quantities, and frequently, during the time of the plant's 

 growth. 



Common Salt. Chloride of sodium, applied in the 

 spring at the rate of twenty bushels per acre, has been 

 found very beneficial to asparagus, broad beans, lettuces, 

 onions, carrots, parsnips, potatoes, and beets. Indeed, 

 its properties are so general!}' useful, not only as pro- 

 moting fertility, but as destroying slugs, &c., that it is 

 a good plan to sow the whole garden every March with 

 this manure, at the rate above specified. The flower- 

 garden is included in this recommendation ; for some of 

 the best practical gardeners recommend it for the stock, 

 hyacinth, amaryllis, ixia, anemone, colchicum, narcissus, 

 ranunculus, &c. ; and in the fruit-garden it has been 

 found beneficial to almost every one of its tenants, 

 especially the cherry and apple. " On lawns and walks 

 it helps to drive away worms, and to destroy moss. 



Ammonia. The salts of ammonia are highly stimu- 

 lating, and afford, by their ready decomposition, abundant 

 food to plants. The dungs of animals are fertilising ex- 

 actly in proportion to the amount of ammonia in them. 

 The" only care required is not to apply them too abun- 

 dantly. Half an ounce to each gallon of water, given 

 at the most twice a week, is a good recipe for all the 

 ammoniacal salts. The ammoniacal gas liquor, at the 

 rate of one pint to two gallons of water, is highly bene- 

 ficial to all plants grown for their leaves. 



Chalk (Carbonate of Lime) may be applied in large 

 quantities, twenty or thirty tons per acre, to render a 

 light siliceous soil more retentive, or a heavy soil more 

 open. Its basis, lime, enters into the composition of 

 most plants in some state of combination. If the chalk 

 is to be burnt into lime before it is applied, care should 

 be taken that it does not contain, like some of the York- 

 shire chalks, a large proportion of carbonate of magnesia. 

 Magnesia remains long in a caustic state, and has been 

 found injurious to the plants to which it has been applied. 



Chloride of Lime gradually gives out a portion of its 

 chlorine, and is converted into muriate of lime, a salt 

 absorbing moisture from the air, which can hardly exist 

 in any soil, however light, without keeping it moist ; and 

 its nauseous odour may be found to keep off the attacks 

 of the fly and other vermin. A solution containing one 



