SERVICE BERRY 



800 



SHANKING 



SERVICE BERRY. Amela'nchier canade'nsis. 

 SERVICE-TREE. Py'rus So'rbus. 



SE'SAMUM. (From sesamon, an old Greek name. 

 Nat. ord. Pedaliaceae.) 



Stove herb. Seeds ; cuttings in sand in heat. Fibrous 

 loam, peat, and sand. 



S. i'ndicum (Indian). 1-2. White, or marked with red, 

 purple, or yellow. Trop. regions. 1731. "Sesame," 

 " Gingelly," or " Oily-grain." 



lu'teum (yellow) and orienta'le (oriental). See S. 

 INDICUM. 



SESBA'NIA. (From sesban, the Arabic name of S. 

 cegypti' oca. Nat. ord. Leguminous Plants [Leguminosas]. 

 Linn. ij-Diadelphia, ^-Decandria. Alliance near Clian- 

 thus.) 



All yellow-flowered, except otherwise mentioned. An- 

 nuals require to be sown in a hotbed, in April, and 

 flowered either in the plant-stove or a warm greenhouse ; 

 shrubs, by cuttings of the half-ripened, stubby shoots in 

 sand, under a bell-glass, in bottom-heat ; fibrous loam 

 and sandy peat. Winter temp., 60 ; summer, 60 to 

 90, with abundance of moisture. 



STOVE ANNUALS. 



S. aculea'ta (prickly). 4. July. Tropics. 1690. 

 ,, cannabi'na (hemp-like). 

 affi'nis (kindred). See S. ACULEATA. 

 dispe'rma (two-seeded). See S. PLATYCARPA. 

 ,, gra'cilis (slender). 3. July. 1820. 

 ,, pi' eta (painted). See S. OCCIDENTALS. 

 ,, platyca'rpa (broad-fruited). 2. July. N. Amer, 



1816. Greenhouse. 



puncta'ta (red-spotted). See S. yEGYPTiACA. 

 seri'cea (silky). 3. July. W. Ind. 1818. 



STOVE EVERGREENS. 



S. cegypti 'aca (Egyptian). 4. July. Tropics, Old 



World. 1680. 

 Cavanille' sit (Cavanilles's). 3. July. N. Amer. ; 



Mexico. 1820. 



cocci' nea (scarlet). See S. GRANDIFLORA. 

 exaspera'ta (rough). 8-10. Trop. Amer. 

 grandiflo'ra. (large-flowered). 20-25. Red. August. 



India ; Malaya. 1768. 



longifo'lia (long-leaved). 3. July. Mexico. 1820. 

 occidenta'lis (western). 4. July. W. Ind. 1816. 

 puni'cea (purple). 3. Vermilion. July. Argentina. 



1820. 



SE'SELI. Meadow Saxifrage. (An old Greek name. 

 Nat. ord. Umbelliferae.) 



Hardy perennial or annual herbs. Seeds ; divisions. 

 Ordinary garden soil. 

 S. a'nnuum (annual). 2. White. July. Europe. 



Annual. 

 dicho' Ionium (forked). 2. White. July. Tauria. 



1818. 



da' turn (tall). 4-6. White. July. S. Europe. 

 gummi'ferum (gum-bearing). 4. White. June to 



August. Tauria. 1804. Biennial. 

 Hippoma' rathrum (Hippomarathrum). 4-5. White. 



July. Europe. " Horse Fennel." 

 Libano'tis (Libanotis). i. White. July. Europe, 



&c. 



o'sseum (bony). White. July. Europe. 

 tenuifo'lium (slender-leaved). 2-3. White. July 



Siberia. 

 ,, tortuo'sum (tortuous). White. July. S. Europe. 



SESLE'RIA. (Commemorative of Leonard Sesler, an 

 Italian botanist. Nat. ord. Gramineae.) 



Hardy perennial grasses. Seeds or divisions in ordi- 

 nary garden soil. 



S. arge'niea (silvery). 1-2. S. Europe ; Asia Minor. 

 cceru'lea (blue). i-i. Varying from blue to grey. 



May, June. Europe (Britain). " Moor Grass." 

 ,, sphczroce' phala (round-headed), i. Alps of Europe. 



SESy'VTUM. (A name of unknown meaning. Nat. 

 ord. Ficoidaceae.) 



Greenhouse succulents. Cuttings in sand. Fibrous 

 loam, some finely broken bricks and sand. 

 S. peduncula,' turn (long-stalked). See S. PORTULACAS- 



TRUM. 



5. Portulaca' strum (Portulacastrum). Green, reddish. 



June. Tropics. 1692. " Sea Purslane." 

 revolutifo'lium (rsvolute- leaved). Red and white. 



July, August. Cuba. 

 ,, ,, se'ssile (stalkless). Flowers stalkless. 



SETA'RIA. Bristly Foxtail Grass. (From seta, a 

 bristle ; there are long bristles at the base of the spikelets. 

 Nat. ord. Graminea?.) 



,Hardy annual grasses of neat form. Seeds in ordinary 

 soil. 



S. excu'rrens (ex-current), i. Japan. 

 ,, glau'ca (sea-green), i. Tropical and sub-tropical 



regions (England). 

 ita'lica (Italian). i. Tropical and subtropical 



regions. Italian Millet. 



,, macrochce'ta (large-cloaked), i. India, &c. 

 verticilla'ta (whorled). i. Green. Cosmopolitan 



(England). 

 ,, vi'ridis (green). i-ij. Green. Cosmopolitan 



(Britain). " Bottle Grass." 



vulpise'ta (wolf's-bristle), i. Green. July. Trop. 

 Amer. 



SETS are the tubers, or portions of tubers, employed 

 for propagating potatoes and other tuberous-rooted 

 plants. It may be accepted as a rule universally applic- 

 able to them, that a moderately-sized whole tuber is 

 always to be preferred to a cutting of a tuber. 



SETTERWORT. Helle'borus fce'tidus. 



SETTING is fertilising the female blossoms with pollen 

 from the male blossoms. A plant is said to be a shy 

 setter when this fertilising is apt to fail. 



SET WALL. An old name for Valeriana. 



SEVERI'NIA. (Commemorative of M. A. Severino, of 

 Naples. Nat. ord. Rutaceas. Now referred to Ata- 

 lantia.) 

 S. buxifo'lia (box-leaved). See ATALANTIA BUXIFOLIA. 



SEVILLE ORANGE. Ci'trus Aura'ntium Bigara'dia. 



SEWERZO'WIA. (Commemorative of Sewerzow, a 

 Russian traveller. Nat. ord. Leguminosag. Now re- 

 ferred to Astragalus.) 

 S. turkesta'nica (Turkestan). See ASTRAGALUS SCHMAL- 



HAUSENI. 



SEYME'RIA. (Named after H. Seymer, an English 

 naturalist. Nat. ord. Figworts [Scrophulariacea?]. Linn. 

 i4-Didynamia, 2-Angiospermia.) 



Hardy, yellow-flowered annuals, from North America. 

 Seeds in April, in a peat-border. 

 S. pectina'ta (comb-leaved), i. July. 1820. 

 ,, tenuifo'lia (fine-leaved), i. July. 1730. 



SEYMOU'RIA. (Commemorative of the Hon. Mrs. 

 Seymour, of Woburn. Nat. ord. Geraniaceas. Now re- 

 ferred to Pelargonium.) 

 S. asarifo'lia (Asarum-leaved). See PELARGONIUM 



ASARIFOLIUM. 



,, //m'^'e'n(Heritier's). See PELARGONIUM DIPETALUM. 

 SHADDOCK. Ci'trus decuma'na. 



SHADES are for prolonging the time of a plant's 

 blooming, or promoting the rooting of cuttings, by ex- 

 cluding the sunlight. See CUTTINGS, SCREENS, and 

 TULIP. 



SHALLOT. See ESCHALLOT. 



SHANKING is the technical term for a gangrene which 

 attacks the footstalks of grapes and the stems of cabbages 

 which have vegetated through the winter. The shanking 

 of the grape appears to be occasioned by the soil becoming 

 exhausted, or by its temperature being too much below 

 that in which the branches are vegetating ; and, conse- 

 quently, the supply of sap to the grapes being too much 

 diminished, the parts which thus fail of support immedi- 

 ately begin to decay : this is an effect always the conse- 

 quence of a diminished supply of sap, apparent either 

 in the leaves, flower, or fruit. Shanking rarely appears 

 in the grape if the roots of the vine are within the house. 

 Shanking in the cabbage arises from a very different 

 cause, viz. the freezing of the stalk of the cabbage just 



