SHAREWORT 



801 



SICYOS 



where it comes in contact with the soil. The best pre- 

 ventive is dressing the soil with salt, about five bushels 

 per acre, late in the autumn, and sprinkling charred 

 vegetable matters among them. See DAMPING-OFF. 



SHAREWORT. A'ster Tripo'lium. 



SHARP CEDAR. Aca'cia Oxyce'drus and Juni'perus 

 Oxyce'drus. 



SHEARS. Garden shears are made with short handles 

 and straight blades for pruning box, yew, and other 

 hedges, for which the hedge bill is unsuitable. They 

 are made with a notch near the base for cutting thick 

 branches that could not readily be cut with a knife, and 

 which the plain-bladed shears would not cut. Verge or 

 edeing shears have handles about 3 feet lone, with the 

 blades turned at right angles from the handles, and are 

 used for cutting the grass edges of lawns, walks, and 

 flower-beds. 



SHEEP LAUREL. Ka'lmia angustifo'lia. 

 SHEEP'S SCABIOUS. Jasio'ne. 

 SHELLS. See ANIMAL MATTERS. 

 SHELTER. See SCREEN. 

 SHE-OAK. Casuari'na quadriva'lvis. 

 SHEPHERD'S BEARD. Arnopo'gon. 

 SHEPHERD'S CLUB. Verba'scum Tha'psus. 

 SHEPHERD'S KNOT. Potenti'lla Tormenti'lla. 

 SHEPHERD'S PURSE. Cap se'lla Bu'rsa-pasto'ris. 



SHEPHE'RDIA. (Named after the late W. Shepherd, 

 curator of the Liverpool Botanic Garden. Nat. ord. 

 Oleasters [Elaeagnaceae]. Linn. 22-Dicecia, ^-Tetrandria. 

 Allied to Hippophae.) 



Hardy deciduous shrubs, from North America. Gener- 

 ally by suckers ; frequently by seeds ; deep, sandy loam. 

 Good shrubs for lawns or shrubberies. 

 S. arge'ntea (silvery). 10. April. 1820. 

 canade'nsis (Canadian). 10. April. 1759. 



SHERBOU'RNIA. (Commemorative of Mrs. Sher- 



'bourn, who first flowered the plant in this country. Nat. 

 ord. Rubiaceae. Allied to Gardenia.) 



Evergreen stove shrub. Cuttings in sand, in a close 

 frame, with bottom-heat. Fibrous loam, peat, and sand. 

 It requires similar heat and moisture to Gardenia to 

 flower it. 



S. foiio'sa (leafy). 3-8. White and red. June, July. 

 W. Trop. Africa. 1842. 



SHIELD FERN. Aspi'dium. Nephro'dium. Poly'- 

 Stichum. 



SHIELD FLOWER. Aspidi'stra. 

 SHIFTING. See POTTING and ONE-SHIFT SYSTEM. 

 SHOLA or SOLA. jschyno'mene a'spera. 

 SHOOTING STAR. Dodeca' theon Mea'dia. 



SHO'REA. (A commemorative name. Nat. ord. 

 Dipterocarpaceae.) 



Stove trees. Cuttings in sand, in a close frame, with 

 bottom-heat. Fibrous loam, with a little peat and sand, 

 with a high temperature. 

 S. robu'sta (robust). India. " Sal." 

 sela'nica (Selanic). Moluccas. 

 Talu'ra (Talura). India. 



SHO'RTIA. (Commemorative of Dr. Short, author of 

 Medic ina Britannica. Nat. ord. Diapensiaceae.) 



Hardy evergreen herbs. Divisions. Peaty soil in a 

 little shade. 



S. califo'rnica (Calif ornian). See B/ERIA CORONARIA. 

 galacifo'lia (Galax-leaved). $-J. White. February 



to April. Carolina. 1888. 



ro'sea (rosy). $-. Rose. February to April. 1904. 

 uniflo'r a (one-flowered). -\. Flesh. March. Japan. 

 grandifto'ra (large-flowered). J-J. Pink, larger. 

 1910. 



SHREDS for fastening trees to walls, &c., are best 

 made of the list or selvage torn from black or blue cloth, 

 and may be obtained of any tailor. The smallest pos- 

 sible number of shreds, and the narrowest consistent 



with strength, should be employed ; for wherever the 

 shred envelopes the branch, the wood beneath is never 

 so well ripened as those parts exposed to the light and 

 air, which are so essential to enable the bark to assimilate 

 and separate from the sap those secretions which are 

 required for the next year's growth. Shreds should 

 always be long enough to permit the ends to be doubled 

 over, so that the nail may pass through four thicknesses 

 of the cloth, otherwise they look ragged, and are liable 

 to tear away from the nail. If old shreds are re-used, 

 they should be previously boiled for a few minutes to 

 destroy any insect-eggs, or larva?, they may contain. 



SHRIVELLING of the berries of the grape in stoves 

 arises from the roots of the vine not supplying a suffi- 

 ciency of sap. This occurs if the roots are in a cold, 

 heavy soil, or are vegetating in an outside border, the 

 temperature of which is too low compared with that of 

 the stove. In the first case, thorough draining and the 

 incorporation of calcareous rubbish ; and in the second 

 case, protection to the border and stem, will remove 

 the evil. 



SHRUBBERY is a garden, or portion of a garden, 

 devoted to the cultivation of shrubs. 



are trees of a dwarf growth, not exceeding in 

 height 12 or 15 feet, unless they are climbers, and having, 

 if permitted, branches and foliage clothing the entire 

 length of their stems. 



SHRUBBY PINK. Dia'nthus frutico'sus. 

 SHUTE'RIA BI'COLOR, See HEWITTIA BICOLOR. 



SH UTTING-UP is closing the lights of frames, pits, 

 greenhouses, and stoves, which have been opened for 

 the admission of air. 



SIBBA'LDIA. (Named after Dr. Sibbald, of Edinburgh. 

 Nat. ord. Roseivorts [Rosaceae]. Linn. 5-Pentandria, 5- 

 Pentagynia. Now referred to Potentilla.) 

 S. ere' eta (upright). See CHAM^RHODOS ERECTA. 

 grandifto'ra (large-flowered). See CHAM.ERHODOS 



GRANDIFLORA. 



parviflo'ra (small-flowered). See POTENTILLA SIB- 



BALDI. 

 procu'mbens (lying-down). See POTENTILLA SIB- 



BALDI. 



SIBERIAN CRAB. Py'rus prunifo'lia. 

 SIBERIAN PEA-TREE. Caraga'na. 



SIBTHO'RPIA. (Named after Dr. Sibthorp, of Oxford. 

 Nat. ord. Figworis [Scrophulariaceae]. Linn. i^-Didy 

 namia, 2-Angiospermia.) 



Yellow-flowered trailers. Seeds and divisions of the 

 plant in spring ; moist, sandy, shady peat-border. 

 Prostra'ta requires the protection of a greenhouse in 

 winter. 



S. africa'na (African). Orient. 

 europce'a (European). $. July. Western Europe 



(England). " Cornish Moneywort." 

 ,, au'tea (golden). Leaves yellow. 1895. 

 variega'ta (variegated). Leaves variegated with 



white. 

 peregri'na (wandering). |. June. Mediterranean 



region; Madeira. 1771. 

 Prostra'ta (trailing). See S. PEREGRI.VA. 



SICA'NA. (A Peruvian name for S. odorifera. Nat. 

 ord. Cucurbitaceae.) 



Rampant annual stove climbers. Seeds. Fibrous 

 loam, a little rotted manure and sand. The fruits are 

 edible. 

 S. atropurpu'rea (dark purple). Fruits purple- violet, 



otherwise like S. odorifera. Paraguay. 1894. 

 odori'fera (odoriferous). Yellow. Fruit like a large 



cucumber. Peru. 1889. 



sphe'rica (spherical). Yellowish, fleshy. Fruit 

 globose, size of an orange. Jamaica. 1890. 



SI'CYOS. (An ancient Greek name for the cucumber. 

 Nat. ord. Cucurbitaceae.) 



Climbing or prostrate herbs, most of them natives of 

 the warmer parts of America, but S. bryoniatfo'lia may be 

 planted outside in May. Seeds. Ordinary garden soil. 



