STIFFTIA 



833 



STOCKS 



S. peda'ta (pedate). See FLORESTINA PEDATA. 

 pilo'sa (shaggy), i. Pink. 1820. 

 ,, pube'scens (downy), ij. Purple. 1823. 

 puncta'ta (dotted). See S. EUPATORIA. 



, purpu'rea (purple), ij. Purple. 1812. 



, rhombifo'lia (diamond-leaved). i|. White. 1827. 



, salicifo'lia (willow-leaved), ij. Pink. 1803. 



, salviafo'lia (sage-leaved), i$. White. 1827. 



, serra'ta (saw-leaved), ij. Flesh. S. Amer. 1799. 



, suave'olens (sweet-smelling). See S. NEPET^FOLIA. 



, suio'cto-omto'tafslightly-eight-awned). White. Peru. 

 1824. 



, subpube'scens (slightly-downy). 2. Pink. 1820. 



, ternifo'lia (three-leaved), tjt. White. 1824. 

 tomento'sa (wooUy). ij. Violet. 1824. 

 trachelioi' des (Trachelium-like). 3. Purple. 1839. 

 ,, trachelioi' des (Trachelium-like) of Hooker. See S. 



GLAMDULIFERA. 



tri'fida (three-cleft), ij. White. New Spain. 1827. 

 viola'cea (violet-coloured). 3. Violet. 1839. 

 ,, vi'scida (clammy). Purple. 1821. 

 visco'sa (clammy). See S. VISCIDA. 



STI'FFTIA. (A commemorative name. Nat. ord. 

 Composite.) 



A stove shrub. Cuttings in sand, in a close frame, 

 with bottom-heat. Loam, peat, and sand. 

 S. ckrysa'ntha (golden-flowered). 3-6. Orange. Winter. 

 Brazil. 



STIGMAPHY LLON. (From stigma, the female organ, 

 and phullon, a leaf; leafy-like stigma. Nat. ord. 

 Malpighiads [Malpighiacea?]. Linn. lo-Decandria, 3- 

 Trigynia. Allied to Banisteria.) 



Stove, yellow-flowered climbing shrubs. Cuttings of 

 ripened shoots in sand, under a glass, in bottom-heat ; 

 peat and loam. Winter temp., 48" to 55 ; summer, 

 60 to 80'. 

 S. arista' turn (awned-leaved). 20. July. Brazil. 1832. 



Twiner. 

 auricula'tum (eared-leaved). 10. Brazil. 1820. 



Twiner. 

 cilia'tum (haii-tringed-leaved). 10-20. May. Brazil. 



1796. 

 convolvulajo'lium (Convolvulus-leaved). June. Guiana. 



1814. 

 ,, diver sifo'lium (diverse-leaved). 15-25. June. W. 



Ind. 1826. 

 ,, elli'pticum (elliptic). 10. September. Mexico. 1844. 



Twiner. 



,, emargina'tum (notched). 10. June. W. Ind. 1826. 

 fu'lgens (shining). 10-25. Summer. Guiana. 1759. 

 heterophy'llum (various-leaved). 10. December. 



Buenos Ayres. 1842. 



Aum6oW/ia'nun(Humboldtian). T5-2O. S. Amer. 1824. 

 jatroph&fo'lium (Jatropha- leaved). 3. May. Uru- 

 guay. 1841. Twiner. 



littora'le (shore). 15-20. Autumn. S. Brazil. 1882. 

 mucrona' turn (spine-pointed). See S. ELLIPTICUM. 

 periplocafo'lium (Periploca-leaved). 10. July. W. 



Ind. 1818. 

 pu'berum (finely-downy). August. W. Ind. 1824. 



STILLTNGIA. (Named after Dr. B. Stillingfleet, an 

 English botanist. Nat. ord. Spurgeworts [Euphorbiacea?]. 

 Linn. 2i-Moncecia, lo-Decandria. Allied to Homalan- 

 thus.) 



Stove, yellow-flowered evergreen. Cuttings in sand, 

 in heat ; sandy, fibrous loam, a little peat and charcoal, 

 and also a little brick-rubbish. Winter temp., 50 ; 

 summer, 60 to 75. 

 S. popu'lnea (poplar-like). See HOMALANTHUS LESCHEN- 



AULTIANUS. 



sebi'fera (tallow-bearing). China. 1703. " Chinese 

 Tallow Tree." 



STINGING BUSH. Ja'tropha u'rens. 



STINGING NETTLE. U'rtica dioi'ca. 



STINKING GLADWYN. I'ris fceiidi' ssima. 



STTPA. Feather Grass. (From stipe, feathery, or 

 silky. Nat. ord. Grasses [Gramineae]. Linn. ^-Triandna, 

 2-Digynia.) 



Sti'pa penna'ta is a common feather-grass of the seed- 

 shops. All but hu'milis hardy herbaceous perennials ; 

 division and seeds in spring ; common soil. 



5 alta'ica (Altaic). See S. SPLENDENS. 



Ariste'lla (short-awned). Mediterranean region. 



Calamagro'stis (Calamagrostis). S. Europe. 



capilla'ta (long-haired). 2. July. Europe. 1815. 



confer to. (crowded). See S. REDOWSKII. 



eleganti' ssima (very-elegant). 2-3. Australia. 



formica'rum (ants'). Country unknown. 1849. 



gigante'a (giant). 3. July. Spain. 1823. 



hu'milis (lowly). \. July. S. Amer. 1802. 



ju'ncea (rush-leaved). 3. July. Mediterranean 



region. 1772. 



Lasiagro' stis (Lasiagrostis). See S. CALAMAGROSTIS. 

 p&ppo'sa (long-awned). Country unknown. 1849. 

 penna'ta (feathered). 2. July. Europe (Britain) ; 



N. Asia ; N. Arner. " Common Feather Grass." 

 Redow'skii (Redowsky's). 2. July. N.Asia. 1819. 

 robu'sta (robust). See S. SPARTEA. 

 sibi'rica (Siberian). Siberia ; Himalaya. 

 spa'rtea (cord-like). N. Amer. " Porcupine Grass." 

 sple'ndens (splendid). July. Siberia. 1836. 

 tenaci' ssima (toughest). 

 viri'dula (greenish). N. Amer. 



STITCHWORT. Stella' ria. 



STIZOLO'BIUM ALTIS'SIMUM. See MUCUNA ALTIS- 



SIMA. 



STIZOLO'BIUM PRU'RIENS. See MUCUNA PRURIENS. 



(Named after Dr. Stobceus, a Swede. 

 Nat. ord. Composites [Compositae], Linn. ig-Syngenesia, 

 i-JEqualis. Referred to Berkheya.) 

 S. atractyloi'des (Atractylis-like). See BERKHEYA CAR- 



LINOIDES. 



membranifo'lia (membrane-leaved). See BERKHEYA 



ADLAMI. 



pinna'ta (leafleted). See BERKHEYA PINNATA. 

 purpu'rea (purple). See BERKHEYA PURPUREA. 

 Ra'dula (rasp). See BERKHEYA ADLAMI. 

 spharocefphala (sphere-headed). See BERKHEYA 



CARDUIFORMIS. 



STOCK and STOCK-GILLIFLOWER. See MATHIOLA. 



STOCKS are young trees or shrubs raised from seed, 

 suckers, layers, and cuttings, for the reception of buds 

 or grafts from other trees or shrubs of a kindred species. 



The old gardener's maxim, " the graft overruleth the 

 stock quite," is consonant with truth, though it is to be 

 taken with some reservation. The graft prevails, and 

 retains its qualities ; yet the stock has the power of 

 influencing its productiveness, as well as the quality of 

 the fruit. Thus, a tree having an expansive foliage and 

 robust growth, indicative of large sap vessels and vigo- 

 rous circulation, should never be grafted upon a stock 

 oppositely characterised, for the supply of sap will not 

 be sufficient. Illustrations are afforded by the codlin 

 never succeeding so well on a crab, nor a bigarreau on a 

 wild cherry, as they do on freer-growing stocks. 



The habit of the stock, also, is of much more import- 

 ance than is usually considered. If it grows more rapidly, 

 or has larger sap vessels than the scion or bud, an en- 

 largement occurs below these ; but if they grow more 

 rapidly than the stock, an enlargement takes place just 

 above the point of union. In either case, the tree is 

 usually rendered temporarily more prolific ; but in the 

 case where the stock grows most slowly, the productive- 

 ness is often of very short duration, the supply of sap 

 annually becoming less and less sufficient to sustain the 

 enlarged production of blossom and leaves. This very 

 frequently occurs to the freer-growing cherries when in- 

 serted upon the wild species, and still more frequently 

 to the peach and apricot upon stocks of the slow-growing 

 plums. It is highly important, therefore, to employ 

 stocks, the growth of which is as nearly similar as may 

 be to the parent of the buds or scion. 



The earlier vegetation of the stock than of the bud or 

 graft is also important ; for, if the latter is earliest in 

 development, it is apt to be exhausted and die before 

 the flow of sap has enabled growth of the cambium to 

 occur, and union at the junction. 



Stocks for general use may be used for grafting or 

 budding, when from the size of a good goose-quill to 

 half an inch, or not more than a inch in the part where 

 the graft or bud is to be inserted. Stocks of 2 or 3 inches 

 or more in diameter, either the stems or branches, are> 

 also occasionally grafted or budded with success, but are 



1 G 



