TOMATO 



864 



TORTRIX 



TOMATO. Lycope'rsicum escule'ntum. See LOVE 

 APPLE. 



TOMATO, CANNIBAL'S. Sola'num amhropophago'rum. 



TOMATO DISEASE. This is caused by Phytophthora 

 infestans, which is so well known in connection with the 

 potato, and the fungus is described under Potato. 



TONGA PLANT. Epipre'mnum mira'bile. 

 TONGUE GRAFTING. See GRAFTING. 

 TONGUE VIOLET. Schu-eigge'ria. 

 TONQUIN BEAN. Di'pterix odora'ta. 



TOOL-HOUSE. Upon this too-much-neglected garden 

 edifice, Mr. Barnes, of Bicton Gardens, says : " Have a 

 place for everything, and everything in its place ; kept 

 in good condition, and at all times put away clean ; for 

 omission of which have rules and fines placed in each of 

 the tool-houses, regularly enforced, and payment de- 

 manded for each fine on the labourers' pay-day. At 

 Bicton, a book is kept for entering each fine, and a 

 separate account given of each fine, and for what, or 

 why, it was enforced ; annually, Lady Rolle doubles 

 the amount so collected, and if good order has been 

 kept, and only a small sum so collected, her ladyship 

 trebles the amount. I add my own mite, and each fore- 

 man his, as a sort of compound for any matter that may 

 have slipped our memories, &c. ; the amount is then 

 placed in the Savings Bank, as a reserve sum in case of 

 illness, &c. We have the same order and regulation 

 kept in each tool-shed that is to say, the tool-shed of 

 each department that I need here describe only one. 

 The tool-shed of the hothouse and flower-garden de- 

 partment is a lean-to shed at the back of a hothouse, 

 substantially built, and covered with slate ; length, 

 54 feet ; width, 13 feet ; height at back, 15 feet ; and 

 height at front, 9 feet ; paved all through with Yorkshire 

 flag-stones, which are neatly swept up every night, the 

 last thing, and washed every Saturday thoroughly. 

 There is a door at each end, and one in the centre of 

 the front wall, and a window on each side of the centre 

 door. Strong beams are thrown across from front to 

 back, and strong planks laid on them, which form a 

 useful loft for placing mats, stakes, laths for tally-making, 

 brooms, nets, canvas for covering and shading, &c. &c. 

 Within two feet of the roof, against the back wall, is 

 placed a row of pegs the whole length of the shed, for 

 hanging the long-handled tools, such as grass and leaf 

 rakes, long-handled Dutch hoes, and iron rakes, &c. ; 

 on the next row of pegs, the whole length of the shed, are 

 placed the various kinds of draw hoes, tan forks, dung 

 forks, and prongs, strong forks for digging and surface- 

 stirring, spades and shovels of various kinds, pickaxes, 

 mattocks and bills, dung drags, edging shears, &c. ; on 

 a third row of pegs, still lower, are placed the water-pots, 

 all numbered, with initials as well, thus B, G 45, or 

 60, whatever the number may run to ; underneath those 

 is a row more of pegs, for placing the noses of the water- 

 pots thus the back wall is furnished. The front wall, 

 half-way, is furnished with shelves for placing shreds 

 and nails, rope yarn, tallies, flower-pegs, whetstones, 

 rubber or scythe-stones, and many other small articles. 

 Underneath those shelves are pegs for hanging the 

 hammers, axes, saws, hatchets, mallets, and stake- 

 drivers, trowels, hand-forks, reels and lines, hedge- 

 clipping shears, scythes, chisels, the various sizes of one- 

 handed crane-necked hoes, crowbars, mops, hair-brushes, 

 and brooms, and various other articles. The scythes 

 are hung up over the end beam, and on the other side, 

 without shelves, the hand-barrows are placed ; birch 

 and heath brooms, both round and fan-shaped, that are 

 in daily use ; and various other articles. The garden 

 rules are hung in a conspicuous place ; also in the tool- 

 house. Every tool is to be put into its proper or allotted 

 place every night thoroughly cleansed, any omission of 

 which subjects the defaulter to a fine. Each tool-house 

 is under the same system. We have separate wheel- 

 barrow sheds ; sheds for placing soils in the dry, arranged 

 in old casks ; varieties of sand, pebbles, and flints, for 

 potting purposes, with lofts over for flower-pot stowage ; 

 a shed for the liquid-manure casks, which is one of the 

 most essential and valuable of all. A shed for placing 

 the charred articles of all kinds, equal to the last ; a 

 pottjng shed ; mushroom shed ; stove shed ; fruit rooms 



and onion lofts, &c. &c. Each and all are kept under 

 the above regulations." 



TOOTH-ACHE-TREE. Zanfho'xylum. 

 TOOTHWORT. Denta'ria. 



TOP-DRESSING. Manure spread orer the surface 

 whilst the crop is growing. 



TORCH LILY. Knipho'fia. 

 TORCH-THISTLE. Ce'reus. 



TORE'NIA. (Named after Rev. O. Toren, a Swedish 

 botanist. Nat. ord. Figworts [Scrophulariacea?]. Linn. 

 1 4-Didynamia, 2- A ngiospermia.) 



Stove evergreens. Cuttings of the points of shoots, 

 or small side-shoots, in sandy soil, and in a little heat ; 

 if far enough from the glass of the frame or pit, they will 

 want no bell-glass ; fibrous loam and sandy peat in 

 equal proportions, with another part made up of dried 

 old cow-dung, charcoal, and rough sand. Winter temp., 

 42 to 50 ; summer, 60 to 80. 



T. anacane' nsis (Arracan). Deep purple. June. 1846. 

 ,, asia'tica (Asiatic). i. Purple. June. Trop. Asia. 



1845. 

 ,, auriculczfo'lia (auricula-leaved). See CRATEROSTIGMA 



PUMILUM. 



Baillo'ni (Baillon's). See T. FLAVA. 

 co'ncolor (one-coloured), i|. Purple. July. China. 



1844. 

 cordifo'lia (heart-leaved). \. Lilac. July. Malaya; 



India. 1811. 



,, diffu'sa (diffuse). See VANDELLIA PEDUNCULATA. 

 ede'ntula (toothless). See T. PEDUNCULARIS. 

 exappendicula'ta (without appendage). See T. PEDUN- 

 CULARIS. 

 ,, fla'va (yellow), i. Yellow, with dark purple blotch. 



June to September. Trop. Asia. 1823. 

 Fo'rdii (Ford's). Straw-coloured, with two purple 



blotches. China. 



,, Fournie'ri (Fournier's). i. Blue, with two black- 

 purple blotches. June to September. Cochin- 

 China. 1876. 

 compa'cta (compact). Dwarf, compact variety. 



1887. 



hirsu' ta (hairy). White. June. E. Ind. 1823. 

 peduncula'ris (long-stalked). White, with rich blue 



blotches. Malaya. 1845. 

 ,, ru'bens (reddish). See T. VAGANS. 

 ,, sca'bra (rough-leaved). See ARTANEMA FIMBRIATUM. 

 ,, va'gans (wandering), ij. Purple. July. India; 

 China. 1844. 



TORINGO CRAB. Py'rus Tori'ngo. 

 TORMENTIL. Potenti'lla Tormenti'lla. 



TORRE'YA. (Commemorative of Dr. Torrey, an 

 American botanist. Nat. ord. Coniferae. Allied to 

 Taxus.) 



Hardy evergreen trees. Seeds ; cuttings. Ordinary 

 garden soil. 

 T. calif o'rnica (Calif ornian). 30-40. California. 1851. 



" California Nutmeg." 

 ,, gra'ndis (grand). 50-80. China. 

 ,, Humbo'ldtii (Humboldt's). See PRUMNOPITYS TAXI- 

 FOLIA. 



,, Myri'stica (Nutmeg). See T. CALIFORNICA. 

 ,, nuci'fera (nut-bearing). 20-30. Japan. 1822. 

 taxifo'lia (yew-leaved). 40-50. W. Florida. 1840. 

 " Stinking Cedar." 



TORTOISE PLANT. Testudina'ria. elepha'ntipes. 



TO'RTRIX. A genus of moths. 



T. luscana generates a red grub, and T. cynosbana 

 a black-spotted, green grub, both very destructive of 

 blossom-buds. 



T. vitisana. Vine Tortrix. Found on the vine in 

 April and May ; head yellow ; upper wings marbled 

 with rusfcy and grey colours. Caterpillars appear as the 

 blossom-buds open, which they unite with white thread. 



T. nigricana. Red Plurn Grub Tortrix. Moth black, 

 appearing in June. Eggs deposited on the phim ; grub 

 small, red, pierces the fruit, and is found near the stone. 

 Mr. Curtis observes that, " If the plums that have fallen 

 off be examined, a small red caterpillar will be found 

 within it ; the caterpillar being generally full grown when 



