TROLLIUS 



877 



TRUFFLE 



TROLLIUS. Globe-Flower. (From trol, the German 

 for round ; the globular flowers. Nat. ord. Crowfoots 

 [Ranunculaceae]. T.inn. i$-Polyandria, 6-Polysynia. Al- 

 lied to Helleborus.) 



Hardy, yellow-flowered, herbaceous plants. Divisions 

 of the plant in spring ; light, loamy soil, rather moist. 

 T. acau'lis (stemless). . July. Cashmere. 1841. 

 aconitifo'lius (Aconi turn-leaved). See T. EUROP^US 



NAPELLIFOLIUS. 



alta'icus (Altaian). May. Altai. 1836. 



america'nus (American), J. May. N. Amer. 1803. 



asia'ticus (Asiatic), i J. Dark orange. May. Siberia. 



1759. 



Fortu'nei (Fortune's). i|. Deep orange. 

 Loddige'sii (Loddiges'). 



cauca'sicus (Caucasian), i. May. Caucasus. 1817. 

 chine'nsis (Chinese). 2. Flowers flat, golden-yellow. 



June, July. China. 1907. 

 dschunga'ricus (Dschungaric). ij. Deep-yellow. 



May. Turkestan. 

 europa'us (European). 2. May. Europe (Britain). 



" Mountain Globe Flower." 



a'tbidus (white), i. Whitish. June. Britain. 

 denya'nus (Denyan). 1-2. Yellow. May. 

 hu'milis (dwarf), i. May. Austria. 1800. 

 napellifo'lius (Napellus-leaved). 2. Yellow. May. 



Europe. 1829. 



la'xus (loose). See T. AMERICANUS. 

 Ledebou'rii (Ledebour's). 2. May. Siberia. 1827. 

 napellifo'lius (Napellus-leaved). See T. EUROP^US 



NAPELLIFOLIUS. 



pa'tulus (spreading), i. Orange. May. Siberia. 1800. 

 polysSpalus (many-sepaled). ij. Yellow, g Origin 



doubtful. 



pu'milus (dwarf), i. YeUow. 

 yunnane'nsis (Yunnanl. 

 riederia'nus (Rieder's). See T. PATULUS. 

 sine'nsis (Chinese) of gardens. See T. ASIATICUS. 

 ,, Smo'ntei (Smonte's) of gardens. See T. ASIATICUS. 



TROMSDO RFF1A SPECIO'SA. See CHIRITA HORS- 



FIELDII. 



TROPZE'OLTJBL Indian Cress. (From tropaion, a 

 trophy. Nat. ord. Crane's-bills [Geraniaceae]. Linn. 

 8-Octandria, i-Afonogym'a.) 



Annuals, by seed in the open ground in April ; tuber- 

 ous, by division of the roots, and by cuttings ; the others 

 by seeds ; also by cuttings in sandy loam any time 

 during spring and summer and early autumn ; a rich, 

 light soil suits them best. The best tuberous kinds 

 multiply their tubers if the young shoots are laid in the 

 ground as they commence growing. A tuber will generally 

 form at the bends : none of them will stand frost, unless 

 the hardy tuberous ones, and they bad better be lifted 

 and kept in dry sand until spring. 



HARDY ANNUALS. 

 T. adu'ncum (hooked). 3-12. Yellow. July to October. 



Peru. 1810. " Canary Creeper." 

 albiflo'rum (white-flowered). White. Peru and 



Chili. 



canarie'nse (Canary) of gardens. See T. ADUNCUM. 

 hy'bridum (hybrid). See T. MAJUS. 

 ma' jus (greater). 6. Orange, yellow. July. Peru. 



1686. 

 ,, a'tro-sangui'neum (dark red). 3. Dark red. 



August. Peru. 

 mi'nus (smaller), i. Orange, yellow. August. Peru. 



1596. 



pcregri'num (straggling). See T. ADUNCUM. 

 Smi'ihii (Smith's). See T. ADUNCUM. 



HALF-HARDY TUBERS. 



T. Beu'thii (Beuth's). Yellow. June. Bolivia. 1850. 

 brachy'ctras (short-horned). Yellow. Chili. 1830. 

 edu'U (eatable). 6. Orange. March. Chili. 1841. 

 Leichth'mi (Leichtlin's). Orange. (T. edulexpoly- 



phyllum.) 1897. 

 moritzia'num (Mr. Moritz's). 6. Yellow, red. July. 



Venezuela. 1839. 



pentaphy'llum (five- leaved). Argentina. 

 tubero'sum (tuberous-rooted). 3. Yellow, red. 



September. Peru. 1636. 

 umbella'tum (umbelled). 3. Rose, orange. June. 



Ecuador. 1846. 



GREENHOUSE EVERGREENS, &c. 



T. azu'reum (azure). 3. Blue. October. Chili. 1842. 



Herbaceous. 

 chrysa'nthum (golden-flowered). Yellow. July to 



October. Colombia. 1874. 

 crta/j/Zo'rm(scolloped-flowered). 3. Yellow. June. 



Peru. 1845. Herbaceous. 

 deckeria'num (Deckerian). Blue, green, scarlet. 



Venezuela. 

 digita'tum (fingered). Yellow, with long red spur. 



July. Venezuela. 1852. 



garineria'num (Gaertnerian). See T. DIGITATUM. 

 Jarra'ttii (Jarratt's). 12. Scarlet, yellow. Santiago. 



1836. 

 lobbia'num (Lobb's). 6. Orange. November. 



Colombia. 1843. Herbaceous. 

 fimbria'tum (fringed). Petals fringed. Hybrid. 



1856. 



minia'tum (vermilion). Lively vermilion. 1903. 

 ,; Regi'na (queen). Salmon-red or salmon-orange. 



1902. 

 ma' jus flo' re-pie 1 no (larger double-flowered). 6. 



Orange, yellow. August. Peru. 1686. 

 mi'nus fio' re-pie' no (smaller double-flowered). i. 



Orange, yellow. Peru. 1596. 

 pendulum (drooping). Yellow. July. Central 



Amer. 1850. 

 pinna' turn (leafleted-/Zoa^d). 2. Yellow June 



Peru. 

 Polyphy'llum (many-leaved). 3. Orange, yellow. 



June. Chili. 1827. 

 sessilifo'lium (stalkless-leaved). Red, with a violet 



tint. Chili. 1868. 

 specio'sum (showy). 6. Scarlet. June. Chili. 1846. 



Herbaceous. " Flame Flow er." 



tricolo'rum (three-coloured). Orange, purple. July. 

 Chili. 1828. 



TROTTLES. Sy'mphytum aspe'rrimum. 



TROWEL. This implement, made of iron, from 12 to 

 6 inches long in the plate, and half as broad, hollowed like 

 a scoop, and fixed on a short handle to hold with one 

 hand, is convenient in removing small plants with a ball 

 or lump of earth about their roots ; lifting bulbous 

 flower-roots after the flowering is past in summer, plant- 

 ing bulbs in patches or little clumps about the borders, 

 for digging small patches, also, in the borders, and sowing 

 hardy annual flower-seeds ; likewise for filling mould 

 into small pots, stirring the surface of the earth in pots, 

 and fresh earthing them when necessary. 



TRO'XIMON. (From troximos, that may be eaten ; 

 the leaves might be blanched, like those of the Dande- 

 lion, but offer little temptation in this respect. Nat. 

 ord. Composite. Allied to Taraxacum.) 



Annual and perennial nearly stemless herbs. Seeds ; 

 divisions. Light, sandy soil. 

 T. glau'cum (sea-green). r. Deep yellow. May. 



North-western Amer. i8ir. 

 dasyce'phalum (thick-headed). Yellow. May. 



North-western Amer. 



grandiflo'rum (large-flowered). Yellow. North- 

 western Amer. 



heUrophy'llum (various-leaved). Yellow. North- 

 western Amer. 



TRUE LOVE. Pa'ris quadrifo'lia. 



TK""' 11 ' 1 ^. Tu'ber magna'tum, Piedmontese Truffle ; 

 T. Bo'rchii, Italy ; T. moscha'tum, Musk Truffle, near 

 Bath ; T. ciba'rium, Common Truffle, England. But, 

 besides the tubers, there are other edible fungi known 

 as truffles, viz., Hydrobo'lites Tula'snei, Spye Park, Wilts ; 

 Melagona'ster broomeia'nus, Red Truffle, near Bath. 



These edible fungi have not yet been cultivated in 

 England, though the Prussians have succeeded in making 

 them a garden tenant, and Comte de Borch has been 

 equally successful in Italy. The latter cultivates the 

 Piedmont Truffle, and his process is this. He either 

 employs the soil where the truffle is found, or he prepares 

 an artificial soil of seven parts good garden earth, two 

 well-pulverised clayey soil, and one oak sawdust, inti- 

 mately mixed. Decayed oak or beech leaves would be 

 better, probably, than the sawdust. If the natural soil 

 was used, he trenched it 2 feet deep, removing all the 

 large stones, and adding oak sawdust if necessary, and 



