WAILESIA 



906 



WALNUT 



W. saxi'cola (rock-loving). \-\, June. New Zealand. 



" New Zealand Bluebell." 

 serpyllifo'lia (thyme-leaved). J. Dalmatia. 

 ,, ,, dina'rica (Dinarian). 

 tenuifo'lia (slender-leaved) . J. Violet-blue. August. 



Croatia; Dalmatia. 1879. 

 ca'ricina (Carex-like). Leaves longer, slender. 



HARDY ANNUALS. 



W. cape'nsis (Cape). July. 1819. 

 diffu'sa (spreading). See MICROCODON LINEARE 



DIFFUSUM. 



diversifo'lia (various-leaved). See W. PROCUMBENS. 



elonga'ta (elongated). See W. CAPENSIS. 



fle'xilis (feeble). . May. S. Africa. 1836. 



hispi'dula (bristly). See MICROCODON DEPRESSUM. 



linea'ris (narrow-leaved). See MICROCODON LINEARE. 



lobelioi'des (Lobelia-like). See W. PENDULA. 



nutabu'nda (much-drooping). White. July. Italy. 



1830. 

 pe'ndula (drooping). Pale red. July. Madeira ; 



Canaries. 1777. 

 procu'mbens (lying-down). July. S. Africa. 1822. 



WAHE'SIA. (Commemorative of G. Wailes, a noted 

 cultivator of Orchids. Nat. ord. Orchidaceas. Now re- 

 ferred to Dipodium.) 

 W. paludo'sa (marsh). See DIPODIUM PALUDOSUM. 



pi'cta (painted). See DIPODIUM PICTUM. 



puncta'ia (dotted). See DIPODIUM PUNCTATUM. 



ro'sea (rosy). See DIPODIUM PICTUM. 



WAI'TZIA. (Commemorative of M. Waitz. Nat. 

 ord. Composite. Allied to Helipterum.) 



Annuals with Everlasting flowers like Helipterum and 

 Helichrysum. Seeds in gentle heat, to be planted out 

 in May. Ordinary garden soil. 

 W. acumina'ta (long-pointed). See W. CORYMBOSA. 

 au'rea. (golden). 1-2. Golden-yellow. July to Sep- 

 tember. Australia. 1836. 

 corymbo'sa (corymbose), i. White, yellow. Australia. 



1864. 

 grandiflo'ra (large-flowered). i-i. Yellow. July. 



August. Australia. 1864. 

 ni'vea (snowy). See W. ODONTOLEPIS. 

 odonto'lepis (tooth-scaled), i. White or pink. July 



to September. Australia. " 1836. 

 steetzia'na (Steetzian). i. Yellow. July, August. 



Australia. 1861. 

 tene'lla (slender). See W. STEETZIANA. 



WAKE ROBIN. A' rum macula' turn and Trillium 

 grandiftorum. 



WALDSCHMTDIA. See LIMNANTHEMUM. 



WALDSTETNIA. (Named after F. von Waldstein, a 

 German botanist. Nat. ord. Roseworts [Rosacea?]. Linn. 

 \2-Icosandria, i-Monogynia. Allied to Geum.) 



Hardy herbaceous perennials. Divisions. Ordinary 

 soil, or to be planted on the rockery. 

 W. donia'na (Donian). See W. FRAGARIOIDES. 

 fragarioi'des (strawberry-like). J-i. Yellow. May. 



N. Amer. 1800. 

 geoi'des (avens-like). J. Yellow. June. Hungary 



Tauria. 1804. 



sibi'rica (Siberian), i. Yellow. May, June. Siberia 

 trifo'lia (three-leaved). -. YeUow. April, May. 

 Europe. 



WA'LKERA. (Named after Dr. R. Walker, founder of 

 the Cambridge Botanic Garden. Nat. ord. Ochnads 

 [Ochnaceaj]. Linn. 5-Pentandria, i-Monogynia. Now 

 referred to Gomphia.) 



Stove, yellow-flowered evergreens. Cuttings of half- 

 ripened shoots, or firm side-shoots in sand, under a 

 bell-glass, in the beginning of April ; sandy loam and 

 peat. Winter temp., 50 to 60 ; summer, 60 to 85. 

 W. integrifo'lia (entire-leaved). 12. Guiana. 

 serra'la (saw-leaved). See GOMPHIA ANGUSTIFOLIA. 



WALKING LEAF. Scolope'ndriumrhizophy'llum. 



WALKS. See CONCRETE and GRAVEL WALKS. 



WALL-CRESS. A'rabis. 



WALL PERN. Polypo'diumvulga're. 



WALLFLOWER. Cheira'nthus Chei'ri, 

 WALLFLOWER, ALPINE. Ery'simum ochroleu'cum, 



WALLI'CHIA. (In honour of Dr. Wallich, curator ol 

 the Calcutta Botanic Garden. Nat. ord. Palms [Pal- 

 inaceae]. Linn. 2i-Moncecia, 6-Hexandria.) 



Moist-stove Palms. Require a light, well-drained 

 loam. Increased by suckers, which must be separated 

 gradually, so as to induce them to root before being 

 finally taken from the parent. 

 W. caryotoi'des (Caryota-like). Yellow- white. July. 



Chittagong ; Burma. 1825. 



dcnsifto'ra (thickly-flowered). Sikkim Himalaya. 

 ,, di'sticha (two- ranked). Himalaya. 

 na'na (dwarf). See DIDYMOSPERMA NANUM. 

 porphyroca'rpa (purple-fruited). See DIDYMOSPERMA 



PORPHYROCARPON. 



WALLI'SIA. See TILLANDSIA. 



WALL PENNYWORT. Colyle'don Umbili'cus. 



WALL PEPPER. Se'duma'cre. 



WALL RUE. Asple'nium Ru'ta-mura'ria. 



WALLS are usually built in panels, from 15 to 30 feet 

 in length, one brick thick, with pillars at these specified 

 distances, for the sake of adding to their strength, and 

 the foundation a brick and a half thick. The plan of 

 Mr. Silverlock, of Chichester, is worthy of adoption, 

 since, if well constructed, it is equally durable, and 

 saves one-third of the expense. Walls so constructed 

 are stated to become dry after rain much more rapidly 

 than a solid wall of the same or any other thickness, 

 and there appears not a shadow of a reason why they 

 should not ripen fruit equally well. He forms the wall 

 hollow, 9 inches in breadth, by placing the bricks edge- 

 wise, so as to form two facings ; they are laid in good 

 mortar, and the joints carefully finished. They are 

 placed alternately with their faces and ends to the out- 

 sides, so that every second brick is a tie, and in each 

 succeeding course a brick with its end outwards is placed 

 on the centre of one laid lengthwise on either side. The 

 top of the wall must be covered with a coping of stone or 

 bricks projecting 8 inches. It is strengthened at every 

 20 feet by piers of i4-inch work, built in the same 

 manner, with bricks laid on edge. 



In every instance a wall should never be lower than 

 8 feet. The thickness usually varies with the height of 

 the wall, being 9 inches if it is not higher than 8 feet ; 

 i3i inches, if above 8 and under 14 feet ; and 18 inches, 

 from 14 up to 20 feet. 



Inclined or Sloping Walls have been recommended, 

 but have always failed in practice. It is quite true that 

 they receive the sun's rays at a favourable angle, but 

 they retain wet, and become so much colder by radiation 

 at night than perpendicular walls, that they are found to 

 be unfavourable to the ripening of fruit. 



The Flued-wall or Hot-wall is generally built entirely 

 of brick, though, where stone is abundant and more 

 economical, the back or north side may be of that 

 material. A flued-wall may be termed a hollow wall, 

 in which the vacuity is thrown into many compartments, 

 to facilitate the circulation of smoke and heat from the 

 base, or surface of the ground, to within i or 2 feet 

 of the coping. Such walls are generally arranged with 

 hooks inserted under the coping, to admit of fastening 

 some description of protecting covers, and sometimes 

 for temporary glass frames. A length of 40 feet, and 

 from 10 to 15 high, may be heated by one fire, the furnace 

 of which, being placed i or 2 feet below the surface 

 of the ground, the first course, or flue, will commence 

 i foot above it, and be 2 feet 6 inches or 3 feet high, and 

 the second, third, and fourth courses will be narrower 

 as they ascend. The thickness of that side of the flue 

 next the south or preferable side should, for the first 

 course, be 4 inches, or brick and bed ; and, for the other 

 courses, it were desirable to have bricks cast in a 

 smaller mould ; say for the second course 3, for the 

 third 2f , and for the fourth 2^ inches in breadth. This 

 will give an opportunity of bevelling the wall, and the 

 bricks being all of the same thickness, though of different 

 widths, the external appearance will be everywhere the 

 same. Enc. Card. 



WALNUT. Ju'glansre'gia. 



