II. 1 MVMIII S < HIM M. 



51 



tion* being high to very high. It i* of interest to note 

 that in the sodium-salicylaU reaction*, with the excep- 

 tion of the reaction of //. maynifiaa, the cum* are not 

 only very high !>ut n!-> the name, while in this species 

 the curve i* distinctly lower than in the former. In tin 

 other react ions the < -urves of all of the starches show 

 an unmistakable tendency toward coincidence in d 

 tion. the rises and falls being quite in harmony, except- 

 ing in //. puniceiu with pyrogallic acid, in which then 

 ia a marked aberration, this curve rising while the 

 cur\--- <>f the oilier four fall. This peculiarity baa been 

 ! in other genera, and is doubtless of both botanical 

 and general biological significance. Comparing the 

 rune* of the three species, the curve of //. puniteus 

 tends to be the highest, that of //. kathrrin* the lowest, 

 and that f //. mugnificut intermediate, but near that 

 of //. katHrrina. 



r ling to Baker, 77. kaihfrinir belongs to the tub- 

 genus XfritM, and //. jtuniceus and //. magnificus to 

 ius Cyrtij-i--. I. ut the results of thin investiga- 

 'ndicate that //. kalherintr and //. magnificiu are 

 much more closely related than are //. punicetu and //. 

 magnifinu. The cnrvea of the former are such as to 

 indicate different species of a subgenus, while the curve 

 of //. t.imicfut is, as a whole, so well separated from 

 those of the other two specie* as to point to this species 

 being a member of another subgeneric group. 



In comparing the influences of the parents on the 

 properties of the offspring, it will be seen that in both 

 sets there is a manifest greater potency of //. kaiherintr 

 than of the other parent, this being decidedly more 

 marked in the If. kaiheritur-punirew-kdnig albert set 

 than in the //. kaiherina-magnificiu-andromeda set. 



>lfPARI801f8 OP THE STARCHES OF Cltl.NfM 

 MOOBKI, C. ZEYLAMCl'H, AND C. HYBRIUl'M J. 

 '. HARVEY. 



In histologic characteristics, in polariscopic figures, 

 in the reactions with selenite, in the color reactions with 

 iodine, and in the qualitative reactions with the various 

 chemical reagents it will be noted that the starches of 

 the parents and hybrid exhibit properties in common in 

 varying degrees of development, and also individualities 

 which collectively are characteristic in each case. The 

 rarch grains of Crinum teylanirum in comparison with 

 those of ('. moorei exhibit differences in the proportion? 

 -tain of the conspicuous forms ; not so much irregu- 

 larity of the grains; certain protuberances and curva- 

 that are not observed in C. moorei; differences in 

 size and definition of components of certain compound 

 prams ; and more broadening and flattening of the grains, 

 lilum is less refractive and has less frequently a 

 rounded cavity; the fissures are more numerous and 

 deeper, and a dragon-fly form may be present ; a longi- 

 tudinal fissure, rarely obserred in C. moorei, is usually 

 present, and it is longer, deeper, and branched ; and the 

 eccentricity is more variable. The lamella? are finer 

 'ward from the hilum than in C. moorei; there are 

 some differences in the conspicuonsnesu, distribution, 

 and number of the coarse, fairly coarse, and secondary 

 lamella; ; and the number of lamella? is leas. In size there 

 ia lew variation, and the grains are, on the whole, dis- 



tinctly larger. lu polariscopic properties, reactions with 

 selenite, and qualitative reactions with iodine th.-re are 

 minor differences. There are also differences in the 

 qualitative reactions with the chemical reagents. The 

 grains of the hybrid are, in form, characters of the hilum 

 and lamella*, and in size in ratio of length to width 

 closer to those of C. ttylanicum, hut in length . I -. r to 

 C. moorei. In polariscopic figures, reactions with sele- 

 nite, and qualitative reactions with iodine they are dis- 

 tinctly closer to those of C. teylanicum. In the qualita- 

 tive reactions with chloral hydrate, nitric acid, potas- 

 sium hydroxide, potassium iodide, potassium sulpho- 

 cyanate, potassium sulphide, sodium sulphide, sodium 

 salicylatc, copper nitrate, cupric chloride, and mercuric 

 chloride alliances to both parental starches are noted, 

 but the relationship to C. itylanicum is markedly closer 

 than to the other parent The resemblances to C. moorei 

 are most prominent in the sodium-aalicylate reactions. 



Kractto* intmntict Kj-prrtird by Light, Color, **J Trmpm- 



lurt Keacl\o*t. 

 Polaritation: 



C. moon*, high to very hih. value 86. 



C. aeylanicum, vary high, much higher than C. moorei. value M. 

 C. hybridum j. o. harray. high to very hick. hiher than C. wylmai- 

 cum. value 95. 



C. moored, moderate, value 60. 



C. Mytaaieum, light to moderate, value 86. 



C. hybridum j. e. harvey. light, about the aame a* C. wylaoieum 



value 35. 

 Gentian violet: 



C. moorri. moderate to deep, value 06. 



C. wylaoirum, moderate deep to deep, deeper than C. moorei. 



value 67. 

 C. hybridum J. e. harvey. moderately deep to deep, deeper than 



either parent, value 70. 

 Safranin: 



C. moorei. moderately deep to deep, value 85. 



C. leylanicum. moderately deep to deep, deeper than in C. moorei. 



value 07. 

 C. hybridum j. e. harvry, moderate to deep, the mean lighter than 



in either parent, value 00. 

 Temperature: 



C. moorei. majority at 08 to 70*. all but rare train* at 70 U> 71*. 



mean 70.fi*. 

 C. teylanirum. majority at 77 to 78*. all but rare grain* at 70 t<> 



80*. mean 79.6. 

 C. hybridum j. c. harvey, majority at 78 to 80*. all but rare raiM 



at 80 to 83*. mean 81*. 



The reactivities of C. moorei are lower than those of 

 (\ tfylanirvm in the reactions with polarization, gentian 

 violet, and safranin, and higher in those with iodine and 

 temperature. In all of these reactions, excepting the 

 safranin, the hybrid is closer to-C. teylanicum than to 

 the other parent In the iodine reaction it is the same 

 as that of C. teylanicum and lower than that of C. moorei. 

 In the polarization and gentian violet the reactivities are 

 higher than in either parent, and in the temperature 

 reaction lower than in either parent. The marked differ- 

 ences in the temperature reactions of the parental 

 starches and the much closer relationship of the hybrid 

 to C. teylanicvm are very striking. In none f <-> 

 reactions is there the least tendency to intermediateneaa 

 of the hybrid, but distinctly with one exception to excess 

 or deficit in relation to parental 



Table A 7 shows the reaction-intensities in percent- 

 agea of total starch gelatinized at definite intervals 

 (minutes) : 



