CRINUM. 



n 



deficit in relation to Uie parent*. (Table A 7 and Chart* 

 IUV7 h>D] 



The reactivities of tin- hybrid arc the (tame at those o! 

 the teed pan-nt in n..ne ,.f th.- n-a. ti..n>; i he same as those 

 of tin- jM.IK-n parent in the reactions with x-line. . hroniic 

 acid, nitru- ami. IM.U.VIUIII hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, 

 calcium nitrate, uraiiiuiii nitrate, c.,|>.ilt mtratf, copper 

 nitrate, i-upra- i-hl..ri.l.', barium chloride, and men un. 

 chloride : ili,- tune as those of both parent* in none of 

 the r intermediate in th< with chloral hydrate, 



hydn><hlorir acid, sodium sulphide, midium salicylate) 

 and stnuitium niinit<>, m all of which U-uirf cloMr to 

 th<- |H,i!..,i |ian-iit ; highest with polarization and gentian 

 violet, in Uth In-ing closer to the pollen parent; and 

 tli,- lowest with safranin, temperature, pyrogallic acid, 

 sulphuric acid, putaiwiuni iodide, potaMiom sulphocya- 

 iiiit.-. and potassium sulphide, in 6 being closer to the 

 pollen parent and in 1 closer to the seed parent 



following is a summary of the reaction-intensi- 

 ties: Same as seed parent, 0; same as pollen parent, 12; 

 same as both parents, 0; intermediate, 5; highest, 2: 

 lowest, 7. 



Intennediatenesa is recorded in less than one-fifth 

 . reactions; excess and deficit of reactivity is almost 

 twice as frequent as in termed iatenem ; and sameness as 

 the pollen parent is noted as often as intermediateness 

 and excess and deficit combined. From these data the 

 seed parent has exercised very little influence on the 

 properties of the starch of the hybrid. 



viPOsiTB CURVES or REACTION-INTENSITIES. 



This section deals with the composite curves of the 

 reaction-inU-nsities, showing the differentiation of the 

 starches of Crinum moorei. C. trylanicum, and C. hybri- 

 dum j. c. honey. (Chart I 



The most conspicuous features of the chart may be 

 i- u mined up as follows: 



( 1 ) The wide separation of the curve of C. moorei 

 in four-fifths of the reactions from the curves of C. tey- 

 lanintm and the hybrid, which latter tend to run to- 

 gether with remarkable closeness. 



) In C. moorei, the lower polarization and gen- 

 tian-violet reactions coupled with higher reactions with 

 iodine, lu-at, and with all of the chemical reagents as 

 compared with C. trylanicum. 



(3) The differences in the relative positions of the 

 < urves of reaction with polarization, iodine, gentian 



violet, and safranin; as for instance, the curves of C. 

 moorei being lowest in polarization, highest in iodine, 

 -t in gentian-violet, and intermediate in safranin 

 reactions, and thereafter in the chart always highest 



(4) In C. moorei, the very high reactions with polar- 

 ization, pvro^allic acid, nitric acid, sulphuric acid, hy- 

 drochloric acid, potassium hydroxide, potassium iodide, 

 potassium snlphocyanate, sodium hydroxide, sodium 

 nlnhide, sodium salicylate, and strontium nitrate; the 



lions with gentian violet, safranin, and chromic 



th,- moderate reactions with iodine, temperature, 



mi nitrate, and uranium nitrate; the low reactions 



with chloral hydrate, potassium sulphide, cobalt nitrate, 



r nitrate, cupric chloride, and mercuric chloride; 



and the very low reaction with barium chloride. 



I In C. leylanirutn the very high polarization 

 reactions ; the hijfh reactions with gentian violet, safranin, 

 and sulphuric acid ; the moderate reactions with chromic 

 pyrogallic acid, and sodium salicylate ; the low reac- 

 tions with iodine and temperature; and the very low 

 with chloral hydrate, nitric acid, hydrochloric 

 and, potassium hydroxide, potassium iodide, potassium 

 sulphocyanate, potassium sulphide, sodium hydroxide, 

 sulphide, calcium nitrate, uranium nitrate, stron- 



tium nitrate, cohalt nitrate, copper nitrate, cnpric chlo- 

 n.lc. barium chloride, and men uric , hlor 



(6) In 0. hybridum j. c. harvey, the tery high mo. 

 Uon with polarization ; the high with gentian violet and 

 safrainu ; the moderate with chromic arid and sodium 

 MlivjUte; the low with iodine, temperature, pyrogallic 

 aad, and sulphuric acid, and the very low with chloral 



Irate, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, potassium hy- 

 droxide, potassium iodide, potassium sulphocyanate 

 potassium sulphide, sodium hydroxide, sodium nulpbjdfc 

 calcium nitrate, uranium nitrate, strontium nitrate co- 

 ba t nitrate, copper nitrate, cupric chloride, barium 

 chloride, and mercuric chloride. 



The following is a summary of the reaction-intcnsi- 



U68 I 



8. COMPARISONS o TH STAKCHKS o CRINUM 



ZKYLAN1CUM, C. LONOIFOLIUM, AHD C. KIBCAPS. 



In histologic characteristics, in poUriscopic figures, 

 in the reactions with selenite, in the reactions with 

 iodine, and in the qualitative reactions with the various 

 chemical reagents it will be noted that the starches of 

 the parents and hybrid exhibit not only properties in 

 common in varying degrees of development, but also 

 individualities which collectively are in each oase charac- 

 teristic of the starch. The starch of C. longifoUum 

 shows in comparison with that of Crinum zrylanicum a 

 much smaller proportion of aggregates and compound 

 grains; that irregularities are more prominent and more 

 frequently present; and that the majority of the gramn 

 are broader, relatively and absolutely, and more flattened. 

 The hilum is not quite so frequently fissured and is 

 slightly less refractive; multiple hila are absent, although 

 jresent in C. teylanicum; the fissures are, u a rale, less 

 leep ; and eccentricity is somewhat greater. The lamel- 

 SB are more distinct distalward and often more discern- 

 ble in this region than in a lustrous band at the di-Ul 

 nargin, which is the reverse of what is noted in C. tey- 

 anicwn; there are some numerical differences in the 

 aniella- and bands of lamella?, and also in the lengths 

 of the bands; and the number of the lamella is leas. 

 The common sizes are nearly the same, the larger grains 

 are larger, and, in case of both, the width is greater than 

 the length Uie opposite to what is seen in C. teylani- 

 cum. In polariscopic figures, reactions with selenite, 

 qualitative reactions with iodine, reactions with gentian 

 violet and safranin, and qualitative reactions with the 

 chemical reagents there are differences, some of them 

 striking, and of variable degree* of importance in 

 differentiation. 



The starch of the hybrid in form, hilum, lamella, 

 and size bears in most respects a closer relationship to 

 that of C. teylanicum than to that of the other parent, 

 but in some instances the reverse. The same is true of 

 the polariscopic figures and reactions with selenite. In 

 the iodine reactions it is distinctly closer to C. tfylani- 

 cum. In the qualitative reactions with chloral hvdrate, 

 nitric acid, potassium hydroxide, potassium iodide, po- 

 tassium sulphocyanate, sodium sulphide, sodium sali- 

 cylate, copper nitrat<>. cupric rhloride, and mercuric 

 chloride the r-lntion--lii]> aiv, < n the whole, much closer 

 to C. teylanicum. hut in certain respecU here and there 

 closer to C. longifoUum. Marked individualities of the 



