68 



HISTOLOGIC PROPERTIES AND REACTIONS. 



The reactivities of the hybrid are the same as those 

 of the seed parent in the polarization reaction ; the same 

 as the pollen parent in the reactions with safranin, po- 

 tassium sulphocyanate, sodium hydroxide, sodium sul- 

 phide, calcium nitrate, and uranium nitrate; the same 

 as both parents with pyrogallic acid, potassium hydrox- 

 ide, potassium iodide, cobalt nitrate, copper nitrate, 

 cupric chloride, barium chloride, and mercuric chloride, 

 in all of which the reactions are too slow for differentia- 

 tion; intermediate in the temperature reaction, being 

 closer to the seed parent; highest in none; and lowest 

 with iodine, gentian violet, chloral hydrate, chromic acid, 

 nitric acid, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, potassium 

 sulphide, sodium salicylate, and strontium nitrate (in 

 five being closer to the seed parent, in four closer to 

 the pollen parent, and in one as close to one as to the 

 other parent). 



The following is a summary of the reaction-intensities 

 of the hybrid as regards sameness, intermediateness, ex- 

 cess, and deficit in relation to the parents : Same or prac- 

 tically the same as the seed parent, 1 ; the pollen parent, 

 6 ; both parents, 8 ; intermediate, 1 ; highest, ; lowest, 

 10. 



The tendency to lower curves than in either of the 

 parents, the more marked influence of the pollen parent, 

 the almost entire absence of intermediateness, and the 

 entire absence of curves higher than those of the parents 

 are quite conspicuous. 



COMPOSITE CURVES OF THE REACTION-INTENSITIES. 

 This section treats of the composite curves of the reac- 

 tions-intensities, showing the differentiation of the 

 starches of Nerine sarniensis var. corusca major, N. cur- 

 vifolia var. fothergilli major, and N. glory of sarnia. 

 (Chart E 12.) 



Among the most conspicuous features of this chart 

 are: 



(1) The very close correspondence in the rises and 

 falls of all three curves, indicating a very close botanical 

 relationship between the parents and but little botanical 

 character variations in the hybrid from parental 

 characters. 



(2) In the curve of N. sarniensis var. corusca major 

 in comparison with N. curvifolia var. fothergilli major 

 the higher reactions with polarization, potassium sulpho- 

 cyanate, sodium hydroxide, sodium salicylate, uranium 

 nitrate, and strontium nitrate, and the same or practi- 

 cally the same with chloral hydrate, chromic acid, pyro- 

 gallic acid, nitric acid, sulphuric acid, potassium hy- 

 droxide, potassium iodide, potassium sulphide, sodium 

 sulphide, sodium salicylate, cobalt nitrate, copper nitrate, 

 cupric chloride, barium chloride, and mercuric chloride. 

 In only the reactions with temperature, hydrochloric 

 acid, potassium sulphocyanate, and strontium nitrate are 

 there important differentiations. 



(3) In N. sarniensis var. corusca major the very high 

 reactions with polarization, sulphuric acid, potassium 

 hydroxide, and sodium salicylate ; the high reactions with 

 iodine, chloral hydrate, hydrochloric acid, and strontium 

 nitrate; the moderate reactions with gentian violet, sa- 

 franin, chromic acid, and nitric acid; the low reactions 

 with temperature, potassium sulphocyanate, and potas- 

 sium sulphide ; and the very low reactions with pyrogallic 

 acid, potassium iodide, sodium hydroxide, sodium sul- 



phide, calcium nitrate, uranium nitrate, cobalt nitrate, 

 copper nitrate, cupric chloride, barium chloride, and 

 mercuric chloride. 



(4) In N. curvifolia var. fothergilli major the very 

 high reactions with polarization, nitric acid, hydrochloric 

 acid, potassium hydroxide, and sodium salicylate; the 

 high reactions with iodine- and chloral hydrate ; the mod- 

 erate reactions with gentian violet, safranin, chromic 

 acid, nitric acid, and strontium nitrate ; the low reactions 

 with temperature and potassium sulphide; and the very 

 low reactions with pyrogallic acid, potassium iodide, po- 

 tassium sulphocyanate, sodium hydroxide, sodium sul- 

 phide, calcium nitrate, uranium nitrate, cobalt nitrate, 

 copper nitrate, cupric chloride, barium chloride, and 

 mercuric chloride. 



(5) In the hybrid N. glory of sarnia the very high 

 reactions with polarization, sulphuric acid, potassium 

 hydroxide, and sodium salicylate; the high reactions 

 with hydrochloric acid; the moderate reactions with io- 

 dine, chloral hydrate, chromic acid, and strontium 

 nitrate; the low reactions with gentian violet, safranin, 

 temperature, nitric acid, and potassium sulphide; the 

 very low reactions with pyrogallic acid, potassium iodide, 

 potassium sulphocyanate, sodium hydroxide, sodium sul- 

 phide, calcium nitrate, uranium nitrate, cobalt nitrate, 

 copper nitrate, cupric chloride, barium chloride, and 

 mercuric chloride. 



The following is a summary of reaction-intensities : 



NOTES ON THE QUANTITATIVE REACTIONS OF THE NE- 

 1UNES WITH THE VAEIOUS CHEMICAL REAGENTS. 



(Charts D 253 to D 258.)* 

 The most conspicuous features are: 



(1) The three composite-curve charts are strikingly 

 alike, showing very clearly the generic type of curve; 

 and the curves run together quite closely, indicating 

 nearly related members of the genus. The most marked 

 differences exhibited by the five parents are seen in the 

 reactions with chloral hydrate, nitric acid, hydrochloric 

 acid, potassium sulphocyanate, potassium sulphide, and 

 strontium nitrate. In the other reactions such differ- 

 ences as may exist are either of minor importance or 

 possibly or probably fall within the limits of error of 

 experiment, at least not within the limits of convincing 

 differentiation. 



(2) Comparisons of the curves of the five starches 

 presented by each reagent show in the case of each reagent 

 a correspondence in the type of curve, allowances being 

 made for slight modifications due to variations in the 

 rate of gelatinization and for small errors of estimation 

 of percentages. Thus, comparing, for instance, the charts 

 of the five reagents above noted, or better the special 

 charts (D 253 to D 258) which give the curves of all 

 five starches with each of the reagents, it will be observed 

 that each chart has certain individualities by which it 

 can be distinguished from the others. The charts for 



