76 



HISTOLOGIC PROPERTIES AND REACTIONS. 



(3) In N. gloria mundi the very high sulphuric-acid 

 reactions; the high polarization and iodine reactions; 

 the moderate with gentian violet, safranin, chromic acid, 

 and pyrogallic acid ; the low with temperature and nitric 

 acid ; and the very low with chloral hydrate. 



(4) In N. poeticus ornatus the very high sulphuric- 

 acid reaction ; the high with chromic acid ; the moderate 

 with polarization, iodine, and safranin; the low with 

 gentian violet, temperature, pyrogallic acid, and nitric 

 acid ; and the very low with chloral hydrate. 



(5) In the hybrid the very high sulphuric-acid reac- 

 tion; the high iodine reaction; the moderate reactions 

 with polarization, safranin, chromic acid, and pyrogallic 

 acid ; the low with gentian violet, temperature, and nitric 

 acid ; and the very low with chloral hydrate. 



The following is a summary of the reaction-intensi- 

 ties (10 reactions) : 



16. COMPARISONS OF THE STARCHES OF NARCISSUS 

 . TELAMONIUS PLENUS, N. POETICUS OBNATUS, 

 N. DOUBLOON. 



In histologic characteristics, polariscopic figures, 

 reactions with selenite, reactions with iodine, and qualita- 

 tive reactions with the various chemical reagents the 

 starches of the parents and hybrid exhibit not only 

 properties in common in varying degrees of development 

 but also certain individualities which collectively in each 

 case are distinctive of the starch. In histologic proper- 

 ties the parental starches differ in certain well-defined 

 respects. In N. poeticus ornatus the polariscopic figure 

 is not so distinct or so well defined as in the other parent; 

 and with selenite the quadrants are not so well defined 

 and are more irregular in form, the colors are more 

 often pure, and there are more grains with a greenish 

 tinge. With iodine the raw grains of N. poeticus ornatus 

 color less, and after boiling the grain-residues are more 

 deeply colored and the solution less deeply colored than 

 in N. telamonius plenus. In the qualitative reactions 

 with chloral hydrate, chromic acid, pyrogallic acid, nitric 

 acid, and sulphuric acid there are in each case rather 

 striking differences. The starch of the hybrid in com- 

 parison with the starches of the parents shows in form 

 a closer relationship to the starch of N. telamonius plenus 

 than to that of the other parent, and the same relation- 

 ship is true of the character of the hilum and the charac- 

 ter of the lamella?; in size of the grains the relationship 

 is reversed ; while in eccentricity of the hilum there is, 

 on the whole, no appreciable difference between the 

 three starches. In the polarization figure and reactions 

 with selenite the relationship is closer to N. poeticus 

 ornatus. In the qualitative iodine reactions the resem- 

 blances are closer to N. telamonius plenus. In the quali- 

 tative reactions with chloral hydrate, pyrogallic acid, and 

 nitric acid the relationship is closer to N. telamonius 

 plenus, while in those with the chromic acid and sul- 



phuric acid the relationship is reversed. In these reac- 

 tions the three starches can be differentiated quite readily. 

 The influences of each parent on the properties of the 

 starch of the hybrid are manifest. 



Reaction-intensities Expressed by Light, Color, and Tempera- 

 ture Reactions. 

 Polarization : 



N. telamonius plen., low to very high, value 45. 



N. poeticus ornat., low to very high, higher than in N. telamonius 



plenus, value 50. 

 N. doubloon, low to very high, the same as in N. tolamonius plenus, 



value 45. 

 Iodine : 



N. telamonius plen., moderate, value 45. 



N. poeticus ornat., moderate, less than in N. telamonius plenus, 



value 40. 

 N. doubloon, moderate, the same as in N. telamonius plenus, 



value 45. 

 Gentian violet : 



N. telamonicus plen., light to moderate, value 40. 



N. poeticus ornat., light to moderate, less than in N. telamonius 



plenus, value 30. 

 N. doubloon, light to moderate, less than in N. telamonius plenus. 



value 33. 

 Safranin: 



N. telamonius plen., moderate, value 50. 



N. poeticus ornat., moderate, less than in N. telamonius plenus, 



value 45. 



N. doubloon, moderate, the same as in N. poeticus ornatus, value 451 . 

 Temperature: 



N. telamonius plen., in majority at 70 to 72, in all at 73 to 75, 



mean 74. 

 N. poeticus ornat., in majority at 73 to 74, in all at 77 to 78, 



mean 77.5. 

 N. doubloon, in majority at 71.2 to 73, in all at 75 to 77, mean 76. 



The reactivity of N. telamonius plenus is lower than 

 that of the other parent in the polarization reaction; 

 and higher with iodine, gentian voilet, safranin, and 

 temperature. The reactivity of the hybrid is the same 

 or practically the same as that of N. telamonius plenus 

 in the polarization and iodine reactions; the same or 

 practically the same as that of the other parent in the 

 safranin reaction ; and intermediate in the gentian violet 

 and temperature, both being closer to 2V. poeticus ornatus. 



Table A 16 shows the reaction-intensities in per- 

 centages of total starch gelatinized at definite intervals 

 (minutes) : 



TABLE A 16. 



