I II. MM. 



'.'7 



The reactivity iui/u/ium ia lower than that 



of the oth--r parent in the polarization and iodine reac- 

 tions; and higher in the gentian violet, tafranin, and 

 tt>iii|H>rnturv reactions. The reactivity of the hybrid 

 is the lowi-.-t of tin- thro.- in the reactions with polariza- 

 tion. iodine, L'-ntiiiii violet, and ufranin; ami mt.-r 

 nii-.li.it.- with t- iiijH-ratiir.-. In the polarization, iodine, 

 and tetn|-rature reactions the hybrid is cloner to L. 

 ttnuifiilium, and in thm* with gentian violet, ufranin, 

 and temperature closer to /,. martagon album. 



Tahle A V? >h.'* the reaction. intensities in percent- 

 age* of total starch gelatinized at definite interval* (sec- 

 onds and muni 



VELOCITY-REACTION CURVES. 



Thin section treat* of the Telocity-reaction euro* 

 of the starche* of Lilium ttnuifolium, L. maHagon 

 album, and L. golden gleam, ahowing the quantitative 

 differences in the behavior toward difiVr.-n: reagents at 

 definite time-interval*. (Chart* D 361 to D 366.) 



These starches generally react so rapidly with the 

 various reagent* that there are few instance* where the 

 data are of value in presentation in the form of chart.*. 

 In the reaction* with nitric acid, sulphuric acid, hy- 

 drochloric acid, potassium hydroxide; potassium iodide, 

 potassium sulphocvanate, potassium sulphide, sodium 

 In.lroxide, and sodium sulphide complete or nearly com- 

 plete gelatinization occurs of all three starches within 

 15 to 30 seconds. In other reactions, notwithstanding 

 the rapidity, more or less differentiation is evident, a* 

 with calcium nitrate, uranium nitrate, strontium nitrate, 

 cobalt nitrate, copper nitrate, cnpric chloride, and mer- 

 curic chloride, in which gelatinization i* almost if not 

 wholly completed in 3 minutes. Differences in these 

 cases are quite noticeable at the end of 1 minute, L. 

 trnuifolium has a lower reactivity than the other parent 

 in the calcium-nitrate and cupric-chloride reactions, and 

 a higher reactivity in the others, and the hybrid shows 

 reactivities an high or higher than either parent. Not 

 much importance is to be attached to these figure*, al- 

 though they are very suggestive, owing to the difficulties 

 of obtaining accurate record*. Referring to the charts, 

 it will ho noted that all three curves in each chart tend to 

 closeness; that the hybrid curve is almost exactly the 

 same as the curve of L. marlagon album in the chloral- 

 hydrate reaction, hut like that of the other parent in the 

 chromic-acid and pyrogallic-acid reactions; that the 

 parental curves are practically exactly the same in the 

 fodium-wilicylate reaction, but the hybrid curve defi- 

 nitely higher: that the hybrid curve* are the highest 

 in three out of the fonr reactions, namely, in those of 

 chromic acid, sodium salicvlate, and barium chloride : 

 and that the parental curves differ somewhat in their 

 relative positions, the curve of L. tfnuifoliiim being 

 hijrher than that of the other parent in the reactions with 

 chloral hydratp, chromic acid, and barium chloride, but 

 the same in the reactions with sodium salicylatc. 



OF THE 



Thi* section treats of the reaction-intensities of the 

 hvbrid a* regards sameness, intermediat^ness, excess, and 

 deficit in relation to the parent*. (Table A 27 and 

 Charts D 361 to T) 366.) 



The reactivities of the hybrid are the same a* those 

 of the seed parent in the reactions with chromie acid, 

 pvronnllic acid, potassinm sulphocvanate, and mercuric 

 chloride: the same as those of the pollen parent with 

 chloral hydrate, potassinm sulphide, sodinm hydroTi'de. 

 and sodium sulphide: the wime as those of both pirents 

 with nitric acid, sulphuric acid, hvdrochloric acid, potas- 

 sium hydroxide, and potassium iodide, in all of which 

 7" 



the reaction* occur too rapidly for differentiation; intr 

 mediate with temperature and strontium nitrate, in both 

 of which the reaction* are closer to thoae of the teed 

 parent; highest with sodium salicylat*, calcium nitrate, 

 uranium nitrate, cobalt nitrate, copper nitrate, cnpric 

 Mn.|.-. and barium chloride (in four being cloaer to 

 the reaction* of the seed parent, in two to those of the 

 pollen parent, and in one a* close to one a* to the other 

 parent) ; and lowest with polarization, iodine, gentian 

 violet, and *afranin (in two nearer the aeed parent, and 

 in two nearer the pollen parent). 



The following u a summary of the reaction-intensi- 

 ties : Same a* seed parent, 4 ; same as pollen parent, 4 ; 

 same a* both parent*, 5; intermediate, 2; highest. ?, 

 lowest, 4. 



These data indicate that the wed parent had a more 

 marked influence than the pollen parent in determining 

 the properties of the hyl.rid. The tendency to highest 

 or lowest reactivity of the hybrid i* quite marked, this 

 being evident in nearly half of the reactions. 



COMPOSITE CURVES OP REACTION-INTENSITIES. 



This section treat* of the composite curves of the 

 reaction-intensities, showing the differentiation of the 

 starches of Lilium Ifnuifolium, L. marlagon album, and 

 L. golden gleam. (Chart E 26.) 



The moat conspicuous features of this chart are: 



(1) The closeness of all three curve*, the only point 

 of important departure being in the barium-chloride 

 reaction, in which there is a marked drop of the curve 

 of L. martagon album from the curves of the other 

 parent and the hybrid. Throughout a large part of the 

 chart there is little or absolutely no differentiation of the 

 curves, as in the reactions with nitric acid, sulphuric acid, 

 hydrochloric acid, potassium .hydroxide, pota^ium 

 iodide, potassium sulphocyanate, potassium sulphide, so- 

 dium hydroxide, sodium sulphide, sodium salicylat*, 

 calcium nitrate, uranium nitrate, strontium nitrate, 

 cobalt nitrate, copper nitrate, cupric chloride, and mer- 

 curic chloride. Tn the remaining 9 reactions the parental 

 curves are well separated, and the hybrid curve tend* 

 usually to be close to or identical with that of //. tmui- 

 folium rather than with that of the other parent. 



(2) In L. tenuifolium , in comparison with the other 

 parent, the lower reaction* with polarization and iodine; 

 the higher reaction* with gentian violet, safranin, tem- 

 perature, chloral hydrate, chromic acid, pyrogallic acid, 

 cobalt nitrate, and harium chloride; and the same or 

 practically the same reactions with nitric acid, sulphuric 

 acid, hydrochloric acid, potassium hydroxide, potassium 

 iodide, potassinm sulphocyanate, potassium sulphide, so- 

 dium hydroxide, sodium sulphide, sodium salicylate, cal- 

 cium nitrate, uranium nitrate, strontium nitrate, copper 

 nitrate, cnpric chloride, and mercuric chloride. 



(3) Tn //. tenuifolium the very high reactions with 

 chloral hydrate, chromic acid, pyrogallic acid, nitric 

 acid, snlphurie acid, hydrochloric acid, potassium hy- 

 droxide, potassium iodide, potassinm sulphocyanate, po- 

 tassium sulphide, sodium hydroxide, sodium Milphide, 

 sodium salicylate, calcium nitrate, uranium nitrate, 

 strontium nitrate, cobalt nitrate, copper nitrate, cnpric 

 chloride, and mercuric chloride ; the high reaction* with 

 gentian violet, temperature, and harium chloride; and 

 the moderate reaction* with polarization, iodine, and 

 safranin. 



(4) Tn L. maHagon album the very high reaction* 

 with chromic acid, pyrogallic acid, nitric acid, ralphnrir 



'ivdrochloric acid, potassium hydroxide. pota*ium 

 iodide, potassium snlphocyannte. potassium sulphide, 

 podium hydroxide, sodium salicylate. calcium nitrate, 

 uranium nitrate, strontium nitrate, cobalt nitrate, cop- 



