I. II. 11 M IIUS. 



in:; 



hybrids to their respective parents in their quantitative 

 ,oni an exhibited in tin- following summary, the 

 figures being, however, of an absolutely tentative- charac- 

 ter, because many of the reaction! recorded aa sameness 

 are so only because the concentrations of the reagents 

 were not adapted to elicit difference* of a positive 

 chara 



Following ia a summary of the reaction-intensities: 



I. . 



Ui 



. , :., ... 

 i . .,."" 





J J 



I 



1 



4 

 .1 

 1 



I 

 I 



7 

 ', 



I 

 I 



7 

 '. 

 I 







1 



4 



4 



10 



The general picture presented by the five charts ia 

 that of a ili iinit.- generic type, the curve* bearing clone 

 relationahips in their courses; but with a tendency to 

 variability in the reactions with chloral hydrate, chromic 

 acid, and pyrogallic acid, this latter indicating a marked 

 iinilri -ular instability in relation to these special reag- 

 ents. There ia not the leaat evidence of aubgeneric 

 grouping such as waa found in certain other genera stud- 

 ius being in accord with the findings in the pre- 

 ceding research in which it was stated upon the basis of 

 that preliminary work that the division of Lilium into 

 the six subgenera noted ia probably botanically artificial. 



The curve* of Liiium martagon and its horticultural 

 variety L. martagon album very closely coincide, the 

 rurvi- of tin- former inclining, where satisfactory differ- 

 ence* can be made out, to be somewhat lower than that of 

 the former, aa in the reactions with polarization, iodine, 

 chromic acid, pyrogallic acid, cobalt nitrate, and barium 

 i -blonde; and rarely higher, aa with safranin and chloral 

 hydrate, the latter being the only one that ia important. 



It is of interest to note that in the fourth group L. 

 rhalcedonicvm (subgenua Martagon) ia crossed with 

 A. candidum (subgcims Kuliriini ), yielding L. Ir.iliii i mn . 

 uhi. h latter is classed in the subgenua Martagon and 

 in the same subdivision of the subgenua aa L. choice- 

 donicum. In this research the hybrid shows in the 

 sum total of its characters a closer relationship, aa a 

 whole, to L. chalcedonicum than to the other parent. 

 Thus, in the form of the grain, general character* 01 tin 

 hilum, characters and arrangements of the lamella?, 

 polariscopic figure, appearance* with selenite, qualitative 

 reactions with iodine, qualitative reactions with the 

 various chemical reagents, and quantitative reactions in 

 tin- polarization, iodine, chloral-hydrate, and chromic- 

 ai nl reactions it is i-l.i-.-r to L. chalcedonicum ; but in 

 eccentricity of the hilum, size of the grains, and quanti- 

 tative reactions with gentian violet, >afranin, pyrogallic 

 tiltalt nitrate, cupric chloride, and barium chloride 

 it is distinctly much closer to the other parent. Curi- 

 ously, while the foregoing data, as a whole, indicate a 

 much closer relationship of the hybrid to L. rhalcedom- 

 rum, the composite curves indicate the contrary, but this 

 contradiction may be explained upon the basis of inade- 

 quate analysis with the chemical reagents, because of tin- 



great rapidity <>f many of the reactions. From the fore- 

 going, qualitative data may be more important in the 

 recognition and differentiation of sureties than quanti- 

 tative data, although theoretically one ahould expect 

 them to go hand in hand. 



30. COMPARISONS or TIIK STARCHED OF luis IUKKICA. 



I. TBOJAJTA. AMD I. IHMAU. 



I n the histologic characteristics, polariscopic figures, 

 reactions with selenite, reactions with iodine, and quali- 

 tative reactions with varioua chemical reagents, the 

 starches of the parents and hybrid exhibit properties in 

 common in varying degree* of development, the sum of 

 which in each case is characteristic of the starch. The 

 starch of In* iberica in comparison with that of /. trojana 

 contains few aggregates, and more compound grains of 

 more type* ; the grains are more irregular ; and flatten- 

 ing of the distal end of elongated elliptical grains ia more 

 common. The hilum is more distinct and more fre- 

 quently fissured. The lamellae are coarser and more dia- 

 tinct; more apt to be irregular, especially between the 

 hilum and the distal margin, following in their course 

 the curvature of the notch in the distal margin; and 

 the number is larger. The common sizes are larger- 

 longer and broader or longer and of the same width than 

 in the other parent In the polariscopic, selenite, and 

 qualitative iodine reactions there are a number of dif- 

 ferences of an apparently minor character. In the 

 qualitative reactions with chloral hydrate, hydrochloric 

 acid, potassium iodide, sodium hydroxide, and sodium 

 salicylate there are various differences, probably for the 

 most part unimportant The starch of the hybrid in 

 comparison with the starches of the parents contains a 

 less number of aggregates than in either parent; more 

 compound grains than in /. iberica but leas than in 7. tro- 

 jana; and the grains are much more irregular than in 

 /. iberica and more irregular than in /. trojana. The 

 hilum in character is more closely related to /. iberica, 

 but in eccentricity to the other parent The lamella; are 

 in character, arrangement, and number more closely re- 

 lated to 7. iberica. The size is leas than in either parent, 

 but closer to 7. iberica. In the degree of polariza- 

 tion and qualitative iodine reactions the relationship ia 

 closer to 7. iberica, but in the qualitative polarization 

 and selenite reactions closed to the other parent. In i In- 

 qualitative chemical reactions there are leaninga here 

 and there to one or the other parent, but on the whole the 

 relationships are much closer to 7. iberira. It is of 

 interest to note that a feature of 7. iberica may be accen- 

 tuated in the reactions of the hybrid. 



llrarlio-inlrn*iliri Krpret*fd by Light, Color, o*d Ttmfcrm 



lurr Kraction*. 

 Polarisation: 



I. iberica, low to high, value 60. 



I. trojana. low to moderately high, lower than ia I. iberiea, value 4ft. 



I. iamali. low to moderately bib. lower than in either parent. 



value 40. 

 Iodine: 



. iberica, liht to moderate, value 40. 

 >trojana. moderate, deeper than in I. iberica. value SO. 

 . iemali. lijht to moderate, tbe aame ae ia I. iberica, value 40 

 Gentian violet: 



. iberica. liflht to moderate, value 40. 



. trojana. moderate, deeper than in I iberiea, van* 60. 



. iemali. light to moderate, toe BUM at ia I. iberiea, value 40. 



