BEGONIA. 



liu'l-- :" tin- teed pan'nt, win h m turn t.-n.l- 



to alTevt in tin- same ilir. rcu. tmties of the 



h\lirid. 



REACTION-INTENSITIES OF THE HYBRID. 



This section treats of the react lon-intensitiea of the 

 hybrid as regards sameness, iiii.-nnnliateneas, excess, 

 ami ili-ii. it in relation to the parent*. (Table A 38 and 

 ('I..; i to 1)538.) 



The reactivities of the hybrid are the same u those 



of the *vd parnit in tlu> mi n. -acid reaction; the same 



ai tluwf of the [xillen jun-nt in the polarization reaction ; 



the name u those of both parent* in none ; intermediate 



in tin- n-.i. tiona with temperature, chromic acid, pyrogal- 



lie a.-i.l. an. I Mn.iitnim nitrate, in all uf uhn-li being 



r to thoM- uf the seed parent; highent with iodine, 



gentian Mol.t, safranin, and chloral hydrate (in three 



;.. IIIL- i loser to those of the pollen parent and in one 



r to thut of the mtil parent) ; and lowest in none. 



The following is a summary of the reaction-intenai- 

 ie as the teed parent, 1 ; same tut the pollen 

 parent, 1 ; same as both parents, ; intermediate, 4 ; high- 

 est, 4 ; lowest, 0. 



In these reactions the reactivities of the hybrid bear 

 only a somewhat closer relationship to the seed parent, 

 ami there U a marked inclination to intennediatenest 

 ami highest reactivity. 



MPOtUTE C'fKVES OF THE REACTION-INTENSITIES, 



This section treats of the composite curves of the 

 .n-intcnsities showing the differentiation of the 

 starches of liryunia double white, B. tocotrana, and U. 

 juliut. (Chart 38.) 



The most conspicuous features of this chart are : The 

 generally close correspondence in the courses of all three 

 curve*, although in three instances the curves are well 

 separated. The lower position of the curve of B. double 

 u-hite in relation to that of the other parent in the 

 reactions with polarization, iodine, gentian violet, and 

 safranin; the higher position with temperature, chloral 

 hydrate, chromic acid, pyrogallic acid, and strontium 

 nitrate; and the same position with nitric acid. The 

 varying relationship of the hybrid curve to the parental 

 curves. It is the same u the curve of B. tocotrana in 

 thi- reaction with polarization; the Fame u that of 

 H. double white with chloral hydrate and strontium 

 nitrate; the same as both parents with nitric acid; the 

 -t in the three with iodine, gentian violet, and 

 safranin ; and intermediate with temperature, chromic 

 a. i.l. and pyrogallic ai-nl. 



1 'OMPARI80H8 OF THE STARCHE8 OF BlOOlflA 

 DOUBLE DUCP ROSE, B. BOCOTKANA, AND B. 



srccBH. 



In the histologic characteristics, poUriscopic figures, 

 reactions with selenite, reactions with iodine, and quali- 

 rcactu.ns with various reagents all three starches 

 have properties in common in varying degrees of de- 

 velopment, the sum of which in each case is distinctive. 

 The starch of Begonia tocotrana in comparison with 

 that of B. double deep rote shows an absence of com- 

 j-.un.l grains and aggregates; the grains are more regu- 

 lar, but such irregularities aa occur are more obvious 

 and striking; the grains are more elongated ; and round 



nearly round forms are very rare. The hilum is 

 somewhat less rarely fissured ; there is an individual form 

 of fissurmg ; and there is more eccentricity. The lam, ll 

 are liner an.) less distinct; several are present that are 

 not seen in B. double dttp rats; and they are much more 

 mmirroii,. Th site is larger. The reactions with polan- 

 /ution. selcnitc, an. I inline exhibit many difference*. In 

 the qualitative reactions with chloral hydrate, chromic 

 acid, pyrogallic acid, nitric acid, and strontium nitrate 

 the differences are numerous and some f tl m are quit- 

 striking ami distinctly individualize the starch. The 

 starch of the hybrid in comparison with the starches 

 <>f the parents shows a closer relationship to the starch 

 of /{. double dttp rote in the characters of the irregu- 

 larities of the grains and in the characters of the hilum ; 

 more like the other parent in the form of the grains, 

 eccentricity of the hilum, character and arrangement and 

 number of the lamella', and size of the grains. It has, 

 however, less irregularities in the grains than in either 

 parent It is nearer B. socotrana in the polarization 

 figures and appearances with selenite, and nearer also in 

 the iodine reactions. It shows peculiarities of U>th pa- 

 rents in the quantitative reactions with chloral hydrate, 

 chromic acid, pyrogallic <-nl, nitric ami. and strontium 

 nitrate, but is closer to B. double deep ro.tr. 



inlrntilifi Krprrued by l.ifkt. Color, ami Temper** 

 lure Kernel ion*. 



MsshasJsau 



B. doubt* deep row, moderately lw to high, value 60. 



B. eocotrana. moderate to high. tiichrr than in II .L.ulJe deep row. 



value 80. 

 B. wccee*. moderate to kith, the aame a* in N. aoeotrana. value 00. 



B. double deep row. moderate, value 46. 



B. aoeotrana. light to moderate, much lmht than in B. double 



deep roee, value 30. 



B. *uno*ej. light to moderate, the euue u in B. soeotrana. value 90. 

 Gentian violet: 



B. double deep roee. light to moderate, value 40. 



B. aoeoteaoa, light to moderate, leaf than in II. double deep me, 



value 36. 



B. meeeat. light to moderate, the Mine a* in B. loeotraiia, value 36. 

 Ba/rmnin: 



B. double deep roee. moderate to deep, value 00. 



B. eoeotrana, moderate, leea than in B. double derp raw. value 66. 



B. pucfe. moderate to deep, the eame ae in B. double deep nee. 



value 00. 

 Temperature: 



B. double deep roe*, in majority at 04 to OS.i*. in all at 07 to MJf. 



mean07.8. 

 B. coeotrana. in majority at 7 to 80*. in all at 81 to 8I.8*. mean 



81.4'. 

 B. Moceea. in majority at 03 to 04*. in all at 08 to 09*. me) 



The reactivity of B. double deep rote is lower than 

 that of the other parent in the polarization n-artioii ; and 

 higher in those with iodine, gentian violet, safranin, and 

 temperature. The reactivity of the hybrid is the same 

 or practically the same as that of B. double deep rote 

 in the reaction with safranin; the same or practically 

 the same as those of B. tocotrana with polarization, iodine, 

 and gentian violet ; and intermediate between those of the 

 parents in that with temperature. The hybrid is closer 

 to B. double deep rote than to B. tocotrana in the safranin 

 and temperature reactions, and the reverse in those with 

 polarization, iodine, and safranin. 



Table A 39 shows the reaction-intensities in percent- 

 ages of total starch gelatinized at definite intervals (i 

 onds and minutes) : 



