CYMBIDIUM CALAN11U . 



135 



u both parent*, 9; intermediate, 0; highest, 0; 

 loweot, 13. 



uiodt striking features of the foregoing data are 

 in the hybnd the entire absence of sameness to the pollen 

 parent, 'of intermediateness, and of highest reactivity; 

 the fr.-.ju.-i,t iismcnoss of reactivity in relation to both 

 parent* ; and the large number of lowest reactivities, with 

 almost universal closeness to one as to the other parent. 

 high reactivities of all three starches makes 

 (litTtTfiitiation in moat instances impossible or unsatis- 

 >eed parent seems to have had on the hole 

 a somewhat higlber reactivity than the pollen parent in the 

 reactions with polarization, iodine, gentian violet, and 

 safranin, l>ut in t)u chemical reactions the reactivities 

 of the parents seem to be almost if not absolutely identi- 

 cal. It is all the more remarkable that with this parental 

 identity the hybrid should i-how in any reaction a depar- 

 ture from the parental standard. With modified 

 .rths of reagents undoubtedly parental differences 

 would be brought out, and hybrid-parental difference* 

 markedly exaggerated. 



urosiTi CURVES or THE REACTION-INTENSITIES. 



This section treats of the composite curves of the 

 reaction-intensities, showing the differentiation of the 

 starches of Cymbidium lowianum, C. eburneum, and C. 



The most conspicuous features of this chart are : The 

 marked closeness of all three curves throughout, ex- 

 cepting in the nyrogal lie-acid and barium-chloride reac- 

 tions, in the latter the hybrid curves exhibiting an 

 exceptionally marked departure from the parental stand- 

 ard. The parental curves are the same or practically 

 the sain* excepting in the reactions with polarization, 

 iodine, gentian violet, safranin, and temperature, and 

 among these the only important difference is noted in the 

 rature reactions, there being a difference of 3.26 

 in the mean temperature of gelatinization. With weaker 

 reagents more or less marked differences in the parents 

 would be elicited in at least most of the reactions where 

 appear to be identical in the chart The curve of 

 ' '. lu-ianum is higher than the carve of the other parent 

 in the polarization, iodine, and temperature reactions; 

 lower with gentian violet and safranin ; and the same or 

 practically the same ip all with the chemical reactions. 

 In i'. loirtanum the very high reactivities in the reactions 

 with polarization, chloral hydrate, chromic acid, pyro- 

 gallic acid, nitric acid, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, 

 potassium hydroxide, potassium iodide, potassium sul- 

 phocyanate, potassium sulphide, sodium hydroxide, so- 

 dium sulphide, sodium salicylate, calcium nitrate, 

 uranium nitrate, strontium nitrate, cobalt nitrate, copper 

 nitrate, cupric chloride, barium chloride, and mercuric 

 chloride; the high reaction with temperature; and the 

 moderate reactions with iodine, gentian violet, and safra- 

 nin. In C. lou'ianum the very high reactions with chloral 

 hydrate, rhrotnic acid, pyrogallic acid, nitric acid, sul- 

 phuric acid, and hydrochloric acid, potassium hydroxide, 

 potassium iodide, potassium sulphocyanate, potassium 

 sulphide, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulphide, sodium 

 salicylate, calcium nitrate, uranium nitrate, strontium 

 nitrate, cobalt nitrate, copper nitrate, cupric chloride, 

 barium chloride, and mercuric chloride; the high reac- 

 tion with polarization ; and the moderate reactions with 

 iodine, gentian violet, safranin, and temperature. In the 

 hybrid the very high reactions with polarization, chloral 

 hydrate, chromic acid, pyrogallic acid, nitric acid, sul- 

 phuric acid, hydrochloric acid, potassium hydroxide, po- 

 tassium iodide, potassium sulphocyanate, potassium 

 sulphide, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulphide, sodium 



salicylate, calcium nitrate, uranium nitrate, strontium 

 nitrate, cobalt nitrate, copper nitrate, cupric chloride, 

 and mercuric chloride ; the moderate reactions with io- 

 irentian violet, safranin, and temperature ; and the 

 low reaction with barium chloride. 



Following is a summary of the reaction-intensities: 



45. COMPARISONS or THE STARCHES or CALANTMK 



K08EA, C. VE8TITA VAB. KfBBO-OCCLATA, AND 

 C. VB1TCHII. 



In the histologic characteristics, polariscopic figures, 

 reactions with selenite, qualitative reactions with iodine, 

 and qualitative reactions with the various chemical rea- 

 gents all three starches exhibit properties in common in 

 varying degrees of development and certain more or less 

 well-delined individualities which collectively m each are 

 distinctive. The hybrid Calanthe veilchii is in form, on 

 the whole, much closer to C. rosea. but there are some 

 forms that are the same as those found in and peculiar to 

 C. t-tjttita var. rubro-oculata. In hilum and lamella) 

 the starch is closer to (7. rosea, but in size and proportions 

 of length to width of the grains it is closer to C. vegtila 

 var. rubro-oculata. In polariscopic figures and reactions 

 with selenite it is closer to C. vestita var. rubro-oculata. 

 In the qualitative iodine reactions it is slightly eloper to 

 C. rosea. In the qualitative reactions with chloral hy- 

 drate, potassium hydroxide, and sodium salicylate it is 

 closer to C. vestita var. rubro-oculata. while in the 

 chromic-acid and hydrochloric-acid reactions it is closer 

 to T. rosea. 



Krartion-intnuitir* F.Tprrurd by Lifht, Color, and Trmjtm 



tun Hfoftiont. 

 Polarization: 



C. roeea, low to very hifb. value 66. 

 C. vert, v. robro-oc,, moderate to very high, much higher than 



C. roeea, value 70. 

 C. vrttchii. low to very bleb. intermediate between the parent*. 



value 00. 

 Iodine: 



C. roeea, light to moderate, value 40. 



C. vert. v. rubro-oe., moderate, deeper than C. roeea. value 60. 

 C. veitchii. moderate, intermediate between the parent*, value 43. 

 Gentian violet: 



C. loeea. moderate to moderately deep, value 6ft. 



C. vert. v. rubro-oc., moderate to deep, deeper than C. roeea, 



value 00. 

 C. veitchii, moderate to moderately deep, intermediate between 



the parent*, value 67. 

 Safranin: 



C. roeea. moderate to moderately deep, value 00. 

 C. vert. v. rubeo-oe., moderate to moderately deep, deeper than 



C. rc, value 85. 

 C. veitehii. moderate to moderately deep, the MOM M C. veelita 



var. rubro-oeulata, value 55. 

 Temperature: 



C. roeea, in the majority at 74 to 7*. in all at 76 to 77*. mean 76. 

 C. vert. v. rubro-oc., in the majority at 72 to 74*. in all at 74 to 76* 



C. veitebii. in the majority at 71 to 72*. in all at 73 to 74*. mean 

 T2.6*. 



C. rosea has lower reactivities than the other parent 

 in the reactions with polarization, iodine, gentian violet. 

 safranin, and temperature. The hybrid has an inter- 

 mediate reactivity between the parents in the polariza- 

 tion, iodine, and gentian-violet reactions; the same reac- 

 tivity as C. vestita var. rubro-orulata in the safranin 

 reaction ; and a higher reactivity than either parent in the 

 temperature reaction. 



