I;J:M iin\- 



\\ITII 



\\i> 



M:; 



30 and 28, respect :v,-'\ . m. .u.nu' that 96 and 82 percent, 

 rp. wu gelatinized in 60 



mimr it !'.'> |N r he stan-h of each hybrid 



waa B-latiiii/.-l in 30 and 28 minute*, reaped; 



art A 7 (chromic-acid reactions), it 

 will be ii.it, ,l that while there is considerable shortening 

 of the Amaryllis and Bnuuviyia line* the hybrid ordi- 

 nal** are virtually absolute! \ tin- same. Takinu the 

 Hippeattrum, Hamantkmi, and Cn'num groups, it will be 

 .1 that in Chart A 6 the avenge reactivity of the 

 HiffinnlrHm croup i slightly lew than the reactivities 

 of the Ilirmanlhu* and Crinum groups, which are nearly 

 like; while in Chart A 7 the average reactivity of the 

 .mup is greater than in cither of the other groups, 

 and f the Cnnum group is somewhat less 



than that ( Hipptaslrum group. In Chart A the 

 srerage reactivity of Xerinr ia greater than in Chart 

 -<> of what waa noted in A maryllis-Bruns- 

 \-\q\a. Hippfastrum. llirmanlhus, and Crinum. In Nar- 

 cissus the same reversal ia noted except in one parent and 

 > hybrids of the first set. In Chart A 7 there are, 

 with the preceding, generally higher reac- 

 - <>f [.ilium. Iris. Gladiolus. Tritonia, Musa, Phaius, 

 'li.liiitn. and Calantlir; but the opposite 

 with Begonia. Among the first generic groups there will 

 md many exceptions that is, lower reactivities, 

 the reaction of Lilium mar I agon instead of 

 ; icr is longer; the reaction of L. chalcedonicum 

 : -ill iilum arc shorter, but not the reaction of 

 'o/-rum ; and those of L. pardalinum and L. parryi 

 are shortene<l. while the reactivity of L. burbanii is 

 lenod. Similar inequalities appear in other group*. 

 Finallv, in Bfyonia the reactions with a single exception 

 1 of !>eing shorter are longer, especially the reaction 

 of B. tocotrana. 



The remarkable differences in the behavior of differ- 

 ent reagents, irrespective of concentration of solution, 

 are perhaps better presented in chart* of reactions of very 

 closely allied reagents, for instance, in Charts A 12 and 

 (potassium-hydroxide and sodium-hydroxide reac- 

 I'he average reaction-intensity exhibited by the 

 potassium-hydroxide chart is in some instances greater 

 and in others less than by the podium-hydroxide chart. 

 The records are so pregnant with interest that each set or 

 group may with ample justification be taken up sepa- 

 rately. Beginning with the A maryllis-brunsvigia' set it 

 will be seen that with potassium hydroxide the reactions 

 with the four starches occur with such rapidity that 

 gelatin ization is practically or absolutely complete within 

 1 minute ; with sodium hydroxide all four reactions differ 

 to so marked a degree that each is at a glance diflereu- 

 from the others in Amaryllis 97 per cent of the 

 a is gelatinized in 3 minutes, in Brunsrigia 95 per 

 n 15 minutes, in Brunsdonna sandtra- alba 65 per 

 cent in 60 minute?, and in Brvntdonna sandent 88 per 

 cent in 60 minutes. The average reactivity of Ilippta*- 

 trum with potassium hydroxide is 74 per cent, with so- 

 dium hydroxide 14 per cent, in 60 minutes; that of II<r- 

 manthii.i is about the same with both reagents, the chief 

 difference being seen in the marked elongation of the //. 

 1'nniffu* ordinate in the sodium-hydroxide reaction. 

 The Cnnum ordinates differ in the two charts very little, 

 the only noticeable differences being seen in the C. moorei, 



('. Itircape, and C. povtllii ordinates. mostly not at all 

 marked. In ff trine there are wide differences, the potas- 

 sium hydroxide onlinatea being very markedly snorter 

 than tli<MM> of sodium li\.|r"\ile. tin- former indirating 

 almost if not complete gelntinization of all of the starches 

 in 3 minutes or leas, and the latter an average gelatiniza- 

 tion of about 15 per cent in 60 minutes. This wide 

 difference in comparison with what was noted in 7/ip- 

 peoftrum, llirmanthiui, and Cnnum ia remarkable. 

 Narciuiu. like the last three genera, does not show 

 very much difference with these reagent*, tho averages 

 being 63 and 83 per cent, respectively, in 60 minutes, 

 the shortening hcmj; due almost wholly to the greater 

 reactivities of the parent*. The starches <f I. ilium gvla- 

 tinize with great rapidity with both reagents. The Irit 

 ordinates are longer throughout in tho potassium- 

 hydroxide chart except in case of I. trojana, the ordinate 

 remaining the same in the sodium-hydroxide chart not- 

 withstanding that the ordinates of the other parent 

 (/. ibtrica) and the hybrid (/. txmo/i) are materially 

 shortened. In Gladiolus and Trilnniti the ordinates are 

 very nearly the same in the potassium hydroxide chart, 

 but both are shortened in the sodium-hydroxide chart, 

 Gladiolus somewhat less than Triionia. In Bfgoni*. 

 a striking difference is seen in the B. socotrana ordinates 

 but very little differences in the others; thus, in the 

 potassium-hydroxide reaction this starch is completely 

 gelatinized in one-sixth of a second, while in the sodium- 

 hydroxide reaction only 84 per cent is gelatinized in 60 

 minutes a remarkable difference. Richardia was not 

 studied with sodium hydroxide. Uusa, Phaitu, Mil- 

 tonia. and <';/niliiilium all show shortw ordinates gener- 

 ally with potassium hydroxide than with sodium hydrox- 

 ide, the most conspicuous variation being noticed in the 

 sodium-hydroxide chart in the markedly disproportionate 

 elongation of the M. rcczlii ordinate. 



Similar characteristics are found in Charts A 15 and 

 A 17 (potassium-sulphide and sodium-sulphide reac- 

 tions), given groups acting with greater reactivity with 

 potassium sulphide than with sodium sulphide, with 

 others the reverse, and members of the same group bear- 

 ing varying quantitative relationships in the two reac- 

 tions, etc. The Amaryllis-Brunsvigia group has in the 

 potassium-sulphide reactions much shorter ordinates 

 than in the sodium-sulphide reactions, Amaryllis bella- 

 donna and Brunsdonna sandene being alike, and B. san- 

 derce alba between them and the ordinate of Brunsrigia 

 josephina; while in the sodium-sulphide chart the 

 Amaryllis belladonna and Brunsiigia josephina ordi- 



are almost exactly the same, and those of the hy- 

 brids longer than those of the parents, and nearly alike. 

 The Hippeastrum and Hcrmanthus ordinates are, on the 

 whole, closely alike in both charts, but the Cnnum ordi- 

 nates show some noticeable differences. The Ntrine 

 group is particularly conspicuous because of the lea* 

 length of all of the ordinates in the potassium-sulphide 

 chart than in the sodium-sulphide chart ; because of the 

 marked difference between the lengths of those Of the 

 first group and those of the second and third groups in the 

 potassium-sulphide charts ; and because all three groups 

 have almost exactly the same length of ordinates in the 

 sodium-sulphide chart Narciaus has, to the contrary, 



rtly longer ordinates in the potassium-sulphide 



