APH.K AII.'N- OF REMI.I> 



RKHKA 



887 



from the fcrtili/.rii i-fs. ' -.eloping female 



bee when fill cin orilinnry food U-.o in. n common female 

 " worker." hut when f. . ps into 



i|ii< 



Tho ronliniiitit of thr builtling malrriiil between 



pan-lit iiinl I'lT-pi i:._- i- s<fii in iiianifeeta- 



nivn,' prot-7'M i.y binary fiaainn 



and huddnnr. by whi. h the part .<e,.arteil from th 

 par. nt mas* is in all essential respect* like the iian-nt, 

 having the (-ame fumlamuntal physico-clicniicni 

 |NiMtiiui iiinl constitution. That in such in 



ing should be a segmental counterpart of the parent 

 nuaa seems as obvious as that halve* of a on 

 should be alike. Similarly, if we h iv !: th-- ovule 

 and (i|Tin form* of protoplasm which as stereo hemic 



:i< are in all fundamental respect* <-uir 

 those from which th.- parents w .it follow* 



that under normal conditions in ac- 



cordance with the law >,al chemistry hav the 



same fundamental parental characteristics, as much so 

 as separated portions of any c..iiipl.-.\ s:er < hcmic sys- 

 tem must possess the properties of the initial mass. 

 Moreover, if the ster. M lieniic systems of gcrmplasms of 

 the female and niale differ, as must be admitted, it 

 is manifest that the stcrcochcmic system of the egg that 

 has been activate*] artificially or naturally, as the case 

 mav U'. mu-t !K> different and hence undergo develop- 

 ment differences that will be obvious in the offspring. 

 In the first instance, the serial reactions which load to 

 the formation of the different tissues, etc., are activated 

 hy a mere disturbance of physico-chemical equilibrium, 

 which may be due to the conversion of a proen/yrne into 

 enzyme or a prosecrctin to a sccretin, or in other words 

 of an inactive body into an active one. In the second 



>ce, there is not only activation, but the extremely 

 important addition of the male stereochemic system 

 which by admixture with the female system constitutes 

 a female-male system. Therefore, in the first place the 

 offspring is developed solely from the female stcreo- 

 chemic system, and in the second place from the com- 

 bined female and male systems, one or the other of 

 which may be wholly or in part accountable in determin- 

 ing certain peculiarities in the developmental changes. 



ver, owing to the transmutahility of stereoisome- 

 nid the multiphase transmutability of stereochemic 

 systems, coupled with the reversibility of metabolic 

 processes which may be due to even the simplest of 

 changes in physico-chemical mechanisms, we have a 

 logical basis for the explanation of the phenomena of 



' dimorphism that is expressed in the so-called male 

 and f i, and male and female spermatozoa; of 



primary and secondary hcrmaphroditism ; of paradoxi- 

 cal sex developments where the unfertilized egg develops 

 into either male or female offspring; and of sexual trans- 

 mutability of the inherently male or female ovule. 



It follows upon the basis of our theory that because 

 of the inherent peculiarities of the stereochemic systems 

 of the germplasms and the definitely predetermined 

 nature of the entire series of reactions in accordance with 

 the laws of physical chcmi-try that "like begets like" 

 because like every other p' mical phenomenon, 



individual or serial, single or complex, under given 

 tions, it is a physico-chemical fatality. 



PROTOPLASMIC STRRKOCIIEMIC SYSTEM An-i irn TO 



TH 'KTIIB M ,IUA- 



no 



Among the most constant phenomena of living mat 

 it inconstancy or variation. The fundamental 

 reasons for this p 



treme comph -eaaionability. and pla 



the molecules of protoplasm in association with uuoa* 

 ing and varying kinds and degree .-nt.il 



changes. I'ln-ticity is a property that i doubt lex* 

 moil to every form of matter, the degree varying within 

 wide limits in different sul*tanre* and under va: 

 condition*. Oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, sulphur, c 

 him. phosphorus, ar-M-ni.-, tin, iridiimi, piilla-liiim, and 

 other have long been known to be 



calcium nitrate and metaphosphatc, ammonium nitrate 

 and tluo-ili( ate, silver nitrate and iodide, calcium car- 

 bonate, silica, copper sulphate, iron i-ulph.iti>. magne- 

 sium sulphate, mercuric chloride nnd ii*! 

 ride, arscnimis and antimonioiis oxides, potassium hi- 

 eliminate and ammonium parntungstate. re only a few 

 of the simple inorganic compounds that have been found 

 to be dimorphous or polymorphous; and the known 

 organic or carbon compounds that exist in multiple 

 forms are so numerous as to make a- u'lv largo 



list. In some instances tho differences in form are said 

 to indicate merely differences in physical nature, 

 being variations in color, hardness, density, melt ins- 

 point, crystalline form, etc., without change in chemical 

 properties; but in others the differences are Mli p 

 cal and chemical and the latter may complete! v over- 

 shadow the former. Perhaps, there is no more remark- 

 able or suggestive instance of difference in properties 

 that is associated with differences in modular form 

 than that of strychnine in ordinary and mlloiilal | 

 the latter having only one-fourth the txicitv < 

 former; and one wonders, apart from anything 

 what changes have occurred in the properties of the 

 various non-colloidal substances such as inorganic salts 

 when they have become an intesrral part of the mo'. 

 of the most complex of all colloids protoplasm. ' 

 over, change from one state or phase into 'another is 

 usually brought about by very simple means, such as 

 mere solution, heat, sunlight, repeated recrvKtAllixation. 

 gelation, chemical reagents, etc. (See Pub'ication 

 173. Introduction, page 9.) 



Water, while among the simplest rabsUnrts of 

 nature, is endowed with mot extraordinary properties, 

 especially in connection with living matt< ihita 



a remarkahlo dezroo of plasticity in it" molecular stru-- 

 ture. The universal conception up to very recent years 

 that water is correctly rcpresentwl by th- symbol H,n 

 has been shown to be untenable except ing under very 

 limited condition*, and it acems clear that the molecule 

 ! looked upon as heine in the form of a molecular 

 i that consists of H n fri.oii .',.. !r !>. f}{ 

 (dihydrol), and (H,O). (trihydrol), which vary in pro- 

 portions in relation to temperature and pressure, end 

 which are readily convertible from one form into an 

 other by changes in attendant conditions. It is ass i 

 that when polymerization occurs there take* place a 

 chemical combination of the simple molecules and that 

 with this combination change* occur in properties, such, 



