406 



DATA OF PROPERTIES OF STARCHES OF PARENT- AND HYBRID-STOCKS. 



starch in 45 minutes ; in about 37 per cent of the grains 

 and 62 per cent of the total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart 

 D27.) 



The reaction with potassium hydroxide begins imme- 

 diately. Complete gelatinization occurs in about 15 per 

 cent of the grains and 20 per cent of the total starch 

 in 5 minutes; in about 31 per cent of the grains and 60 

 per cent of the total starch in 15 minutes ; in about 43 per 

 cent of the grains and 67 per cent of the total starch in 

 30 minutes ; in about 51 per cent of the grains and 72 per 

 cent of the total starch in 45 minutes ; in about 60 per 

 cent of the grains and 76 per cent of the total starch 

 in 60 minutes. (Chart D 28.) 



The reaction with potassium iodide begins in a very 

 few grains in half a minute. Complete gelatinization 

 occurs in less than 0.5 per cent of the entire number of 

 grains and total starch in 5 minutes ; in about 1 per cent 

 of the grains and 2 per cent of the total starch in 15 

 minutes; in about 2 per cent of the grains and 4 per cent 

 of the total starch in 30 minutes; in about 4 per cent 

 of the grains and 6 per cent of the total starch in 45 

 minutes; in about 5 per cent of the grains and 10 per 

 cent of the total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart D 29.) 



The hilum swells slightly and the fissures become 

 enlarged and more refractive as noted in both parents; 

 the enlarged fissure is more frequent than in either 

 parent, but closer to that observed in the grains of H. 

 titan. No bubble was detected at the hilum as in both 

 parents. The entire grain becomes very refractive as 

 in the parents, but the lamellae and the refractive border 

 are demonstrable in more grains than in the parents. 

 The fissures are of similar character and arrangement 

 to those noted in the parents, but they are somewhat 

 deeper ; thus more closely resembling those of H. titan. 

 The methods of gelatinization are the same as in the 

 parents ; not quite so many grains are gelatinized from 

 the distal margin to the proximal end as in H. titan, 

 but more than in H. cleonia. The pitted or punctated 

 appearance of the grain previous to gelatinization is more 

 common than in the parents, but more closely resembles 

 that noted in H. cleonia. The breaking of the mar- 

 ginal lamella into segments and the slashing of the 

 capsule was not noted, in which respect H. titan-cleonia 

 more closely resembles H. titan. 



The gelatinized grains are swollen and slightly to con- 

 siderably distorted, a little more than in H. titan, but 

 less than in H. cleonia. Many grains remain with gran- 

 ules and a large number, as in //. titan, are little if any 

 affected beyond the swelling of the hilum, as in the 

 parents. 



In the reaction with potassium iodide H. titan-cleonia 

 shows qualitatively a close relationship to the parents, 

 but a little closer to JL titan than to H. cleonia. A char- 

 acteristic appearing in a parent may be further developed 

 in the hybrid. 



The reaction with potassium sulphocyanate begins in 

 a few grains in half a minute. Complete gelatinization 

 occurs in about 1 per cent of the grains and 2 per cent 

 of the total starch in 5 minutes; in about 2 per cent 

 of the grains and 5 per cent of the total starch in 15 min- 

 utes ; in about 10 per cent of the grains and 20 per cent 

 of the total starch in 30 minutes; in about 15 per cent 

 of the grains and 39 per cent of the total starch in 45 



minutes ; in about 40 per cent of the grains and 56 per 

 cent of the total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart D 30.) 



The hilum, as in the parents, enlarges somewhat, but 

 no bubble is detected and the appearance and arrange- 

 ment of fissures are the same as in the parents. The 

 lamellae gradually become rather more distinct than in 

 H. titan, but somewhat less distinct than in H. cleonia. 

 Gelatinization begins and proceeds as in H. titan, the 

 only difference noted being that the grains often assume 

 a pitted appearance before gelatinization begins. This 

 is noted in a few grains in H. cleonia and not at all in 

 II. titan. 



The gelatinized grains as in the parents are enlarged 

 and considerably distorted, but retain some of the form 

 of the untreated grain. 



In the reaction with potassium sulphocyanate H. 

 titan-cleonia shows qualitatively a closer relationship to 

 //. titan than to //. cleonia, but the reactions of all these 

 starches with this reagent are qualitatively very close. 



The reaction with potassium sulphide begins in rare 

 grains in 5 minutes. Complete gelatinization occurs in 

 less than 0.5 per cent of the entire number of grains and 

 total starch in 5 minutes ; and in about 0.5 per cent of the 

 grains and 1 per cent of the total starch in 15 minutes; 

 little if any further advance in 30, 45, and 60 minutes, 

 respectively. (Chart D 31.) 



The reaction with sodium hydroxide begins in rare 

 grains in half a minute. Complete gelatinization occurs 

 in about 0.5 per cent of the entire number of grains and 

 1 per cent of the total starch in 5 minutes; in about 3 

 per cent of the grains and 5 per cent of the total starch 

 in 15 minutes; in about 15 per cent of the grains and 

 33 per cent of the total starch in 30 minutes ; in about 22 

 per cent of the grains and 40 per cent of the total starch 

 in 45 minutes ; in about 25 per cent of the grains and 49 

 per cent of the total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart D 32.) 



The reaction with sodium sulphide begins in very 

 rare grains in 1 minute. Complete gelatinization occurs 

 in less than 0.5 per cent of the grains and total starch 

 in 5 minutes; in about 0.5 per cent of the grains and 

 1 per cent of the total starch in 15 minutes; slight ad- 

 vance in 30 and 45 minutes ; in about 2 per cent of the 

 grains and 3 per cent of the total starch in 60 minutes. 

 (Chart D33.) 



The reaction with sodium salicylate begins imme- 

 diately. Complete gelatinization occurs in about 2 per 

 cent of the entire number of grains and 4 per cent of 

 the total starch in 5 minutes; in about 51 per cent of 

 the grains and 55 per cent of the total starch in 15 min- 

 utes; in about 92 per cent of the grains and 94 per cent 

 of the total starch in 30 minutes ; in about 100 per cent of 

 the grains and total starch in 45 minutes. (Chart D 34.) 



A small bubble appears at the hilum which in the 

 majority of grains is not inclosed within a fissure ; but a 

 cleft appears at the hilum in more grains than in the 

 parents and the bubble may expand considerably before 

 expulsion ; in this respect the hybrid is nearer to H. titan 

 than to H. cleonia. The lamellae and a refractive border 

 become more sharply defined in more grains than in the 

 parents, in this feature being a little closer to H. cleonia. 

 Gelatinization begins and proceeds as in the parents, but 

 the method of procedure in which the reaction starts at 

 the distal margin and advances proximalward is not 

 quite so frequent as in H. titan, but more commonly 



