414 



DATA OP PROPERTIES OF STARCHES OF PARENT- AND HYBRID-STOCKS. 



inent than in H. ossultan. The lamellse become more 

 sharply denned in some grains, more frequently than in 

 H. ossultan. A refractive border forms either around 

 the entire grain or at the distal margin, and may become 

 quite broad previous to gelatinization ; this border is 

 more prominent than in H. ossultan. Gelatinization be- 

 gins and proceeds as in H. ossultan, but in the majority 

 of grains it starts from the distal margin and proceeds 

 towards the proximal end ; the most resistant starch be- 

 ing located in a narrow band at the proximal end and 

 sides nearby, as noted in this method in //. ossultan. A 

 fissure proceeding from or intersecting the hilum is more 

 frequently observed in the earlier stages of the process 

 than in H. ossultan. The gelatinized grains are swollen 

 and distorted so that they do not resemble the untreated 

 grain as in H. ossultan. 



The reaction with calcium nitrate begins in rare 

 grains in half a minute. Complete gelatinization occurs 

 in 0.5 per cent of the grains and 1 per cent of the total 

 starch in 5 minutes; in about 1 per cent of the grains 

 and 2 per cent of the total starch in 15 minutes; in about 

 2 per cent of the grains and 3 per cent of the total starch 

 in 30 minutes; little if any further advance in 45 and 

 60 minutes. (Chart D 56.) 



The reaction with uranium nitrate begins in rare 

 grains in 1 minute. Complete gelatinization occurs in 

 less than 0.5 per cent of the entire number of grains and 

 total starch in 5 minutes; in about 0.5 per cent of the 

 grains and 1 per cent of the total starch in 15 minutes; 

 in about 2 per cent of the grains and 4 per cent of the 

 total starch in 30 minutes ; little if any further advance in 

 45 and 60 minutes. (Chart D 57.) 



The reaction with strontium nitrate begins in rare 

 grains in 1 minute. Complete gelatinization occurs in 

 less than 0.5 per cent of the entire number of grains and 

 1 per cent of the total starch in 5 minutes; in about 1 

 per cent of the grains and 2 per cent of the total starch 

 in 15 minutes ; in about 3 per cent of the grains and 5 per 

 cent of the total starch in 30 minutes ; in about 4 per cent 

 of the grains and 8 per cent of the total starch in 45 

 minutes; in about 8 per cent of the grains and 12 per 

 cent of the total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart D 58.) 



The reaction with cobalt nitrate begins in very rare 

 grains in 1 minute. Complete gelatinization occurs in 

 less than 0.5 per cent of the entire number of grains and 

 total starch in 5 minutes; in about 0.5 per cent of the 

 grains and 1 per cent of the total starch in 15 minutes; 

 very slight progress in 30 minutes; in about 1 per cent 

 of the grains and 2 per cent of the total starch in 45 

 minutes; little if any further advance in 60 minutes. 

 ( Chart D 59.) 



The reaction with copper nitrate begins in rare grains 

 in 1 minute. Complete gelatinization occurs in less 

 than 0.5 per cent of the entire number of grains and 

 total starch in 5 minutes ; slight progress in 15, 30, 45, 

 and 60 minutes, respectively (chart D 60), until at the 

 completion of this period complete gelatinization occurs 

 in about 0.5 per cent of the entire number of grains and 

 1 per cent of the total starch. 



The process is observed in but few grains, gelatiniza- 

 tion proceeding along well-defined fissures through the 

 mesial region of some grains, but in the elongated type 

 may begin at the distal end accompanied by distention 

 of the capsule, as in H. ossultan. 



The reaction with cupric chloride begins in very rare 

 grains in 1 minute. Complete gelatinization occurs in 

 less than 0.5 per cent of the entire number of grains and 

 total starch in 5 minutes; very slight progress in 15 

 minutes; still in less than 0.5 per cent of the grains 

 and total starch in 30 minutes; slight progress in 45 

 minutes; in about 0.5 per cent of the grains and 2 per 

 cent of the total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart D 61.) 



The reaction with barium chloride begins in rare 

 grains in 1 minute. Complete gelatinization occurs in 

 less than 0.5 per cent of the entire number of grains 

 and total starch in 5 minutes; still in less than 0.5 per 

 cent of the grains and total starch in 15 minutes; little 

 if any further advance in 30, 45, and 60 minutes, respec- 

 tively. ( Chart D 62.) 



The reaction with mercuric chloride begins in very 

 rare grains in 1 minute. Complete gelatinization was 

 not observed in any grain and the progress has begun in 

 but rare grains in 5 minutes ; slight progress in 15, 30, 45, 

 and 60 minutes; at the end of which period complete 

 gelatinizatiou occurs in less than 0.5 per cent of the 

 entire number of grains and total starch. (Chart D 63.) 



HlPPEASTBUM OSSULTAN-PYEEHA (HYBRID). 



(Plate 2, fig. 12; Charts D 43 to D 63.) 



HISTOLOGIC PROPERTIES 



In form the grains are usually simple and isolated, 

 but compound grains and aggregates are seen in about 

 the same proportion as noted under H. ossultan, though 

 more simple grains with pressure facets on the distal ends 

 and sides are noted than in the starch of this parent. 

 The grains are more irregular than in those of either 

 parent, in this respect more closely resembling H. pyrrha. 

 The irregularities are due to the following causes: (1) 

 Shallow and deep depressions in the margins; (2) pres- 

 sure facets and other flattened places on the margin; 

 (3) secondary deposits of starch whose longitudinal axes 

 are at varying angles to those of the primary grain. 

 The conspicuous forms are nearly round, round, ellipti- 

 cal, and ovoid. There are also dome-shaped, plano- 

 convex, triangular, and lenticular forms. The grains 

 in form more closely resemble those of H. pyrrha than of 

 H. ossultan, though the starches of the parents and the 

 hybrid resemble one another very closely. 



The hilum when not fissured appears as a moderately 

 distinct, round or lenticular spot; but it is usually fis- 

 sured more often than in either parent, and the fissures 

 have the following forms: (1) Cruciform, "!"- or Y- 

 shaped; (2) a single line which may be straight or 

 curved, transverse or oblique, and occasionally having 

 many small fissures branching from it. The hilum is, 

 rarely, centric, more frequently eccentric from 0.44 to 

 0.25, usually 0.33, of the longitudinal axis. In the extent 

 of the fissuration and in the range of eccentricity of the 

 hilum, H. ossultan-pyrrha is nearer to H. pyrrha than 

 to H. ossultan. 



The lamella are often distinct, about as often as noted 

 under H. pyrrha, and are similar in form and arrange- 

 ment to those of that starch. The number counted on 

 the common-size and larger grains varies from 8 to 18, 

 usually about 12. In the character of the lamellae H. 

 ossultan-pyrrha is nearer to H. pyrrha than to H. ossul- 

 tan, but the number is nearer H. ossultan. 



