454 



DATA OF PROPERTIES OF STARCHES OF PARENT- AND HYBRID-STOCKS. 



tion. In some grains the ruffling of the capsule is ab- 

 sent and the process proceeds along fissures through the 

 mesial region, the distal margin and the mesial portion 

 always proving the least resistant. The extension and 

 ruffling of the distal margin is much more frequently 

 observed than in C. longifolium. 



The reaction with cupric chloride begins immediately. 

 Complete gelatinization occurs in about 15 per cent of 

 the entire number of grains and 54 per cent of the total 

 starch in 5 minutes; in about 30 per cent of the grains 

 and 66 per cent of the total starch in 15 minutes ; in about 

 33 per cent of the grains and 72 per cent of the total 

 starch in 30 minutes; in about 35 per cent of the grains 

 and 77 per cent of the total starch in 45 minutes; in 

 about 50 per cent of the grains and 81 per cent of the 

 total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart D 145.) 



In many grains gelatinization proceeds through the 

 mesial region along the course of well-defined fissures, 

 while in others it may begin at the distal margin. This 

 process at the distal margin is generally accompanied 

 with extension and frilling of the capsule more fre- 

 quently in C. moorei than in C. longifolium. In a num- 

 ber of grains the proximal end and a narrow lateral 

 border, which extends almost to the distal margin, are 

 very resistant; this area is resistant in a greater propor- 

 tion of grains than in C. moorei and in C. longifolium. 



The reaction with barium chloride begins in a few 

 grains immediately. Complete gelatinization occurs in 

 about 3 per cent of the entire number of grains and 5 per 

 cent of- the total starch in 5 minutes; in about 6.5 per 

 cent of the grains and 10 per cent of the total starch 

 in 15 minutes; in about 9.5 per cent of the grains and 16 

 per cent of the total starch in 30 minutes; in about 14 

 per cent of the grains and 21 per cent of the total starch 

 in 45 minutes ; and in about the same percentage of each 

 as in the last observation in 60 minutes. (Chart D 146.) 



The reaction with mercuric chloride begins imme- 

 diately. Complete gelatinization occurs in about 16 per 

 cent of the entire number of grains and 58 per cent of 

 the total starch in 5 minutes; in about 37 per cent of 

 the grains and 73.5 per cent of the total starch in 15 

 minutes; in about 42 per cent of the grains and 79 per 

 cent of the total starch in 30 minutes; in 46 per cent of 

 the grains and 83 per cent of the total starch in 45 min- 

 utes; and in about 47 per cent of the grains and 85 per 

 cent of the total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart D 147.) 



The clefts at the hilum and fissures proceeding there- 

 from become much enlarged and more refractive. These 

 changes disappear more quickly than in C. longifolium. 

 The proximal end and sides are more resistant in a larger 

 number of grains than in C. longifolium, but there is a 

 larger number of grains in process of gelatinization. 



CRINUM ZEYLANICUM (POLLEN PARENT). 



(Plates 4 and 5, figs. 23 and 25; Charts D 127 to D 147.) 

 HISTOLOGIC PROPERTIES. 



In form the majority of the grains are simple, and 

 they are isolated with the exception of a few which 

 appear in aggregates of usually 2, rarely 3, components. 

 Compound grains are fairly numerous and consist of from 

 2 to 3 components, a somewhat smaller proportion being 

 found than in C. moorei. Well-defined pressure facets 

 are not observed. The grains are sometimes irregular in 



outline, although not so much so, nor are so many grains 

 irregular, as in C. moorei. The irregularities are due 

 chiefly to the same causes as noted under C. moorei; but 

 the quite large blunt protuberances at the proximal end, 

 the curvature at the proximal end, and the abrupt deflec- 

 tion near the slightly eccentric hilum were not observed 

 as in C. moorei. The conspicuous forms of the simple 

 grains are ovoid (sometimes squared at the distal end), 

 pyriform, triangular with curved sides and rounded 

 angles, and clam-shell-shaped. The additional forms are 

 mussel-shell-shaped, high dome-shaped, elongated ovoid, 

 nearly round, and irregularly diamond-shaped. The 

 conspicuous forms of the compound grains are medium- 

 sized ellipsoidal and somewhat heart-shaped, composed 

 of 2 equal-sized components that are separated by a deep 

 cleft and surrounded by a few common lamellae ; a large 

 mussel-shell-shaped grain with a deep crescentric cleft 

 located near one corner of the distal margin, separating 

 one large and one fairly small component that is located 

 at the distal corner (a type of grain much more frequent 

 in this species than in C. moorei) ; and a large ovoid 

 grain with a deep crescentric cleft near the distal end that 

 separates the 2 components, as in the preceding. Barely, 

 2 small components may be located at the hilum of a 

 grain similar in shape to the simple grains, and this form 

 is much less frequently observed than in C. moorei; 

 or 3 or 4 fairly small components may be linearly 

 arranged and inclosed by a few common lamellae, the 

 components being smaller and less sharply divided and 

 outlined than in C. moorei. The compound grains are 

 not quite so numerous as in C. moorei. The majority of 

 the grains are more broadened and flattened than in C. 

 moorei, and when viewed on edge, while they have the 

 same general form, a larger proportion are ovoid and 

 with a more-pointed distal end. 



The hilum is generally fissured. It may be observed 

 as a round, oval, or lenticular spot as in C. moorei, but 

 slightly less refractive. Multiple hila of the same number 

 and arrangement may be observed as in C. moorei, but 

 they are much less frequently seen. The small rounded 

 cavity at the hilum, as well as the fissures, are of the same 

 characters as those of C. moorei, but the former is much 

 less frequent, and the fissures are very much more numer- 

 ous and deeper than in C. moorei, and a fissure of the 

 dragon-fly figure may be observed. A longitudinal fis- 

 sure, rarely observed in C. moorei, is usually present, 

 and is much longer, deeper, and branched, so that it is 

 root-like; and rarely 2 similar root-like slightly diver- 

 gent fissures are observed. The range of eccentricity is 

 from 0.35 to 0.15, commonly 0.20 to 0.15, of the longi- 

 tudinal axis, varying somewhat more, but on an average 

 about the same distance, as in C. moorei. 



The lamellae are not usually demonstrable throughout 

 the entire grain, but when apparent the majority are 

 from fairly fine to very fine. When located near the 

 hilum they form rings similar to those noted in C. 

 moorei, and the majority tend as in C. moorei to follow 

 the outline of the grain. The lamellae usually are not 

 present on an area one-third to two-thirds distalward 

 from the hilum, and when discernible they are finer in 

 this region than in the area toward the distal end, as in 

 C. moorei. One coarse, very refractive lamella, which is 

 located at varying distances from the hilum, is even 



