NERINE. 



497 



tion is complete first at the distal margin, then at the 

 proximal margin, the marginal band gelatinizing from 

 without to the inner portion. The coarse granules just 

 within this are the last to be gelatinized, and in some 

 grains they form nearly a complete ring at the proximal 

 end of the gelatinized grain which persists for a long 

 time. A few grains are divided in all directions by 

 fissures and become a mass of granules which are gela- 

 tinized rather irregularly. In a moderate number of 

 grains the capsules also are dissolved at several points 

 before gelatinization has progressed far, and each grain 

 is divided into from 4 to 9 parts by slits that run from 

 a common center. There are also grains whose capsules 

 are dissolved at several points and split into several parts 

 which may not always be completely separated from one 

 another. 



The gelatinized grains are large and very nearly trans- 

 parent, and very much distorted. They do not retain 

 any resemblance to the form of the untreated grains. 



The reaction with sodium hydroxide begins in a few 

 grains in half a minute. Complete gelatinization occurs 

 in about 1 per cent of the entire number of grains and 

 3 per cent of the total starch in 5 minutes; in about 7 

 per cent of the grains and 12 per cent of the total starch 

 in 15 minutes; in about 15 per cent of the grains and 

 21 per cent of the total starch in 30 minutes; in about 

 18 per cent of the grains and 24 per cent of the total 

 starch in 45 minutes ; in about 21 per cent of the grains 

 and 30 per cent of the total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart 

 D221.) 



The reaction with sodium sulphide begins in rare 

 grains in 1 minute. Complete gelatinization occurs in 

 less than 0.5 per cent of the entire number of grains 

 and total starch in 5 minutes; in about 0.5 per cent of 

 the grains and 1 per cent of the total starch in 15 

 minutes ; in about 2 per cent of the grains and 4 per cent 

 of the total starch in 30 minutes ; in about 3 per cent of 

 the grains and 5 per cent of the total starch in 45 min- 

 utes ; in about 4 per cent of the grains and 7 per cent of 

 the total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart D 222.) 



The reaction with sodium salicylate begins in 2 min- 

 utes. Complete gelatinization occurs in about 33 per 

 cent of the entire number of grains and 63 per cent of 

 the total starch in 5 minutes; in about 67 per cent of the 

 grains and 78 per cent of the total starch in 10 minutes ; 

 in about 78 per cent of the grains and 89 per cent of the 

 total starch in 15 minutes; in about 99 per cent of the 

 grains and more than 99 per cent of the total starch in 

 30 minutes. (Chart D 223.) 



The hilum becomes very distinct and occasionally a 

 bubble is formed there. The lamellae are very distinct 

 also and remain so during the greater part of the reac- 

 tion. A narrow but distinct refractive band is formed 

 rather slowly about the margins of the grains. Gela- 

 tinization is preceded by a pitted appearanc of the sur- 

 faces of the grain, and begins at the distal margin or 

 in the broad grains at either end of the transverse axis 

 and sometimes also at the proximal end. Gelatinization 

 proceeds by fissuration of the ungelatinized starch and 

 breaking off of small particles. The margin is less re- 

 sistant than the central portion of the grain. In this 

 manner the hilum is reached and swells rapidly, the 

 proximal deposit gelatinizing rapidly, if not already 



gelatinized, leaving only the part just distal to the 

 hilum ungelatinized. This is quickly gelatinized also 

 and there is at the same time considerable folding in 

 and invagination of the capsule at the distal and proximal 

 ends. The gelatinized grains are large and much dis- 

 torted, and do not retain any resemblance to the form 

 of the untreated grain. 



The reaction with calcium nitrate begins in a few 

 grains in 1 minute. Complete gelatinization occurs in 

 about 0.5 per cent of the entire number of grains and 1 

 per cent of the total starch in 5 minutes; in about 2 

 per cent of the grains and 5 per cent of the total starch 

 in 15 minutes ; in about 9 per cent of the grains and 17 

 per cent of the total starch in 30 minutes ; in about 12 

 per cent of the grains and 25 per cent of the total starch 

 in 45 minutes; in about 15 per cent of the grains and 

 28 per cent of the total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart 

 D 224.) 



The reaction with uranium nitrate begins in a few 

 grains in 1 minute. Complete gelatinization occurs in 

 about 0.5 per cent of the entire number of grains and 

 3 per cent of the total starch in 5 minutes; in about 



5 per cent of the grains and 13 per cent of the total starch 

 in 15 minutes; in about 10 per cent of the grains and 

 27 per cent of the total starch in 30 minutes; in about 

 16 per cent of the grains and 37 per cent of the total 

 starch in 45 minutes ; in about 22 per cent of the grains 

 and 44 per cent of the total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart 

 D225.) 



The reaction with strontium nitrate begins imme- 

 diately. Complete gelatinization occurs in about 5 per 

 cent of the entire number of grains and 16 per cent of 

 the total starch in 5 minutes; in about 45 per cent of 

 the grains and 69 per cent of the total starch in 15 min- 

 utes ; in about 66 per cent of the grains and 85 per cent 

 of the total starch in 30 minutes; in about 69 per cent 

 of the grains and 89 per cent of the total starch in 45 

 minutes; in about 72 per cent of the grains and 91 per 

 cent of the total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart D 226.) 



The reaction with cobalt nitrate begins in rare 

 grains in 2 minutes. Complete gelatinization occurs in 

 much less than 0.5 per cent of the entire number of 

 grains and total starch in 5 minutes with very slight 

 advance in 15 and 30 minutes; and in about 0.5 per cent 

 of the grains and 1 per cent of the total starch in 45 min- 

 utes with little if any advance in 60 minutes. (Chart 

 D 227.) 



The reaction with copper nitrate begins in a few 

 grains in 2 minutes. Complete gelatinization occurs in 

 about 0.5 per cent of the entire number of grains and 

 2 per cent of the total starch in 5 minutes; in about 2 

 per cent of the grains and 7 per cent of the total starch 

 in 15 minutes; in about 3 per cent of the grains and 

 10 per cent of the total starch in 30 minutes; in about 



6 per cent of the grains and 16 per cent of the total 

 starch in 45 minutes ; in about 9 per cent of the grains 

 and 20 per cent of the total starch in 60 minutes. ( Chart 

 D228.) 



The reaction with cupric chloride begins in rare 

 grains in 2 minutes. Complete gelatinization occurs 

 in much less than 0.5 per cent of the entire number of 

 grains and total starch in 5 minutes; in less than 0.5 

 per cent of the grains and total starch in 15 minutes; 



