412 BIOLOGY: GENERAL AND MEDICAL 



perfused with, Locke's solution, and replanted. The 

 circulation was re-established after having been inter- 

 rupted for fifty minutes. Fifteen days afterward the 

 right kidney was removed. The animal remained in 

 perfect health. In June, 1909, this bitch became preg- 

 nant and gave birth to eleven pups. In December 

 she again had three pups. To-day, twenty-three 

 months have elapsed after the operation, and she is 

 entirely healthy/' 



Guthrie transplanted the ovary of a pure black hen 

 to a pure white hen whose ovary had been removed. 

 Subsequently the hen laid eggs, and upon being mated 

 with a pure white cock, laid eggs that, upon incubation, 

 produced white and black chicks. 



2. The amputated part is transplanted to a new environ- 

 ment in the same organism. 



Under these circumstances the conditions are some- 

 what different, for though the general physiologico- 

 chemical conditions are presumably identical, the local 

 conditions vary. It must not be imagined that the 

 component tissues are without their mutual affinities 

 and repugnances, for were there no such influences it is 

 difficult to conceive how the organic integrity of the 

 complex organisms could be retained in cases in which 

 accident or disease bring about confusion of the normal 

 structure. The position in which each tissue finds 

 itself as the result of ontogenetic development is normal 

 for it, and under normal conditions the inherited impulses 

 of the cells may explain the preservation of the inherited 

 ontogenetic relationship, but under abnormal conditions 

 the usual disappearance of tissues forced into abnormal 

 relations may have a different physiologico-chemical 

 explanation; that is, it may depend upon antagonistic 

 actions and reactions between the different elements. 



Such an explanation does not suffice in itself, for it 

 is only possible for any fragment to survive transplanta- 

 tion when an adequate source of nutrition can be found 

 which makes it almost essential that the transplanted 



