INTRODUCTION. 



XXIX 



ernmeuts of Tula, Uriel, Riazau, Kursk, Tambov, Peuzu, Saratov, Simbirsk, and 

 Voronezh, The number of inhabitants of this district, about fifteen millions, makin;^ 

 46 to the square verst, is g-reater than in the Central Moscow Refj:ion. with 34 to 

 the square verst, and forms the transition to the districts of Little Russia, 54 inha- 

 bitants to the square verst, and Poland,, 80 to the square verst. 



Agriculture alone has here already long become insufficient for the economical 

 activity of the country, the more so as agriculture is here to this day carried on 

 mainly on extensive farms, of such a pronounced character that in many places 

 dressing with manure is only applied on hemp fields, while the lands, from ancient 

 cultivation under grain, have already considerably exhausted their original fertility. 

 For this reason migration into other districts with a more thinly settled population 

 proceeds mainly from this and the Little Russian districts. But in contradistinction 

 to the latter, there is here evident the beginning- of various forms of manufacturing- 

 activity, assisted even now by the extensive forests of certain localities, for example, 

 the governments of Oriol and Riazan. In general, however, this district is not 



Table 



