102 MANUFACTURES OF RUSSIA. 



The Kimry boots and shoes are sold in Moscow, Nizhni-Novgorod, at the 

 Little Russia fairs, in Eostov-on-Don, the Caucasus and Siberia. The shoemaking 

 trade is also carried on in the Vesegonsk district of the government of Tver, espec- 

 ially in the town of Krasnyi-Holm and the adjacent villages ; this region makes 

 a speciality of heavy work boots which are quite water proof; they cost from 2 to 

 3 roubles a pair* according to the quality and time of year. The white boots made 

 at Ostashkov in the government of Tver are well known, the large turned over boots 

 cost from 2.50 to 3.20 roubles, nailed boots from 4.20 to 5.20 roubles; women's and 

 childi'en's sizes are also made. These boots are principally used by the fishermen in 

 St. Petersburg. Pskov. Yuriev (Dorpat), Eeval and Eiga. The village shoemakers of the 

 government of Koursk, who are fairly numerous, particularly in the village of Veliko- 

 Michailovka in the district of Novo-Oskolsk, where they number 1,600 men, practice 

 a peculiar division of labour: one man cuts out the boots and is known as a cutter, 

 another sews the uppers together whilst a third sews on the sole, makes the heels, 

 fits the boots ou the trees, and finishes them off. In winter the prices are uniform, 

 rising a little in spring, and in autumn they are considerably firmer; this is due to 

 the varying demand. 



The shoemaking trade also pervades some of those places which have been cited 

 as centres of the leather making industry, such as the Alexeyevsk group of villages 

 in the government of Saratov aud its district, where about one-third of the male 

 population are engaged in the village shoemaking trade ; the government of Poltava, 

 the southern part of that of Chernigov, in the Oposhninsk volost of the Zenkovsk 

 district ; in the government of Poltava there are as many as 500 shoemakers, whilst 

 in the town of Berezna in the government of Chernigov and its district there are 

 over a thousand. In the government of Perm the shoemaking trade is carried on 

 at the Nevyansk and Berezovsk works of the Ekaterinburg district, where there are 

 228 shoemaking establishments, with 1,075 workmen and a yearly production of 

 500,000 roubles. The shoemakers of the Irghinsk works in the Krasnooufimsk district, 

 numbering 500 families, have a like production. There are many such groups of 

 village shoemakers in the government of Perm; their total production amounts to 

 over 2,000.000 roubles and their goods are partly sold for local consumption or, for 

 the greater part, sent to Siberia. 



The various kinds of leather goods made by the village artisans of the govern- 

 ment of Viatka have been already mentioned, and judging from the samples of boots, 

 trunks, knapsacks, purses et cetera, exhibited at the Kazan Industrial Exposition of 

 1890, they seem to be of excellent quality. Saddlery and harness making are mostly 

 connected with shoemaking in the government of Perm, but also exist independently 

 in the Ekaterinburg and Koungoursk district ; they are carried on also in the gov- 

 ernment of Penza and are in a fairly developed condition in the Caucasus, especially 

 in the Terskoi aud Kuban districts. 



The chief centres of the fur dressing trade, and particularly of the manufac- 

 ture of sheepskin coats, are the governments of Viatka, Perm, Chernigov, Poltava 

 and Kiev. The districts of Slobodsk and Viatka are the headquarters of the village 

 furriers of the government of Viatka, their yearly production amounting to 850,000 

 roubles; and their fur jackets are deservedly popular. The village fur trade of the 

 government of Perm is only capable of supplying the local demand. 



