154: 



MANUFACTURES OF RUSSIA. 



also iu the casting of steel. Steel easting-, however, did not reach the desired devel- 

 opment while in the hands of foreigners, and only in later years was the industry 

 firmly established by Russian mining- engineers. The names of Anossov, who under- 

 took the management of the factory in 1828, and of Oboukhov, who invented a spec- 

 ial process for casting steel, will always be remembered in the history of the Zla- 

 toust side arms manufactory, especially with reference to high grade workmanship. 



In the beginning of the eighties the forging of swords at this factory was 

 changed to the rolling process; in order to obtain a uniform heating of the blades 

 before hardening, lead baths were used, which lessened the quantity of waste and 

 raised the quality of the instrument. Soon after, Marten steel was used instead of 

 crucible steel, but without any success; then lathes with emery wheels were employed 

 for finishing the blades; moreover the stamping of brass fixtures for side arms and 

 the mechanical work of the wooden stocks were introduced. 



The quality of the swords made at Zlatoust is very high even outrlval- 

 ling, according to the declaration of specialists, the swords of the average quality 

 produced at Solingen. The Zlatoust blades sustain with ease the severest test, namely 

 the strocking on iron, without showing a mark of blemish. Eeady made swords and 

 Circassian sabres are valued at 6.50 roubles per piece. At the present time this fac- 

 tory produces, besides swords, table knives and forks with metallic handles in one 

 piece; they are very often ornamented with damascene or engraved designs, which 

 are especially characteristic of the cutlery made at Zlatoust. Moreover, these works 

 produce surgical instruments and joiners tools, as well as files and gun barrels, the 

 latter in only small quantities. 



The following table gives an idea of the production of the Zlatoust factory 

 from 1887 to 1891. 



The production of the Zlatoust manufactory, however, is not limited to the 

 above mentioned wares; besides cast iron and steel projectiles, given in the preced- 

 ing section of this review, this factory produced during the year 1891, for example, 

 the following quantity of steel goods: 



Machinery 12,200 pouds. 



Blacksmith and locksmith wares . . 7,200 > 

 Wares of cast steel 2,800 » 



