SIDK AltMS AND CUTLERY. 157 



The total of tlie production of cutlery solely at the fa* tories and establishments 

 of the Pavlovo region, tiiken from the data furnished by tlic jiroprietors, can be fixed 

 at 750,000 roubles per year. If the household industry and that of the small work- 

 men scattered about the locality in a radius of several versts, their wares being sold 

 to dealers on the weekly markets, be reckoned, the total production must be valued 

 from 1,500,000 to 2,000,000 roubles yearly. Besides the region of I'avlovo a great 

 deal of cutlery is made, as mentioned before, at the Zlatoust factory for side arras, 

 but the wares, being- of a very high order, are somewhat dear. 



The household industry of cutlery in the other parts of Russia is of little 

 trade importance; it is rather more developed in the Shadrinsk district of the Perm 

 government, where a great quantity of common black and white scissors are made, 

 the black scissors having only the blades polished. The black scissors are sold on the 

 spot from 9 to 10 roubles per hundred; the white, at two and three times as much. 

 Sheep shears are made at the Shouisk district of the Vladimir government and at 

 some other places, but their number does not in the least satisfy the demands of 

 Russia for this kind of shears. 



Various kinds of cutlery, chiefly of the common sort, are made in the govern- 

 ment of Yaroslav, Tula, Voronezh, Kursk, Novgorod and some of the others, as well 

 as in Siberia, in the Tumen region of the Tobolsk government. But in all of these 

 places the production is very limited and in no way compares with that of the region 

 of Pavlovo. 



In all large cities, especially in the capitals, there are establishments making 

 principally kitchen and trade cutlery for butchers, fish dealers and bakers, as also 

 certain compound knives, the handles of which contain other articles besides blades, 

 as cork screws, bodkins, hooks and other useful instruments. Warsaw being rather 

 far from the centre of the cutlery industry and seeing that no household industry 

 of the kind is developed, neither in the suriounding country nor in the whole 

 of the northwestern region, has established several factories the amount of their 

 production being about 75,000 roubles per year. The same can be said also of 

 Eiga. In these works, which are organized as regular lock manufactories, the wares 

 are all finished up within the walls of the establishments. 



Surgical instruments are generally not accredited to the household industry. 

 Articles of this kind are mainly made in town factories. The orders of the Depart- 

 ments of War and Marine are satisfactorily filled by the Imperial Instrument Manu- 

 factory at St. Petersburg, and to some extent by that at Zlatoust. In the region 

 of Pavlovo only one factory, that of Varypaiev, produces surgical instruments. 



The Imperial Instrument Manufactory makes various knives and other surgical 

 instruments, to the sum of 30,000 roubles; the private establishments in St. Peters- 

 burg, to the sum of 20,000 roubles ; those of Moscow, to the sum of 30,000 roubles; 

 those of Warsaw, to 25,000 roubles; and those of Eiga, to 15,000 roubles per annum. 

 The average annual value of this branch of industry can be estimated at about 

 200,000 roubles. Thus, the total production of various kinds of cutlery, surgical 

 instruments included, may be reckoned from 2,500,000 to 2,750,000 roubles per 

 annum. 



The import of cutlery from 1886 to 1892 is shown in the following table. 



