226 



MANUFACTURES OF RUSSIA. 



the establishment of a manufacturing industry during the past century. Thus, the 



first chemical works arose as supplementary to other manufactories and works. 



This was particularly noticeable in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Ivanovo-Vosnessensk 

 and Kazan. 



The Russian chemical industry was further animated by the erection of works 

 in distant parts where it was difficult for foreign goods to penetrate, and where a 



