54 



MANUFACTURES OF RUSSIA 



COUNTRIES. 



Thousands 

 of ponds. 



Great Britain 6,865 



Auslro-Hungary 4,010 



Germany 2,783 



France 45 



Italy 2,042 



Belgium 1,841 



Holland 538 



Roumania 527 



Spain 519 



Denmark 468 



Norway and Sweden 413 



Greece 46 



Turkey 7,483 



Persia 366 



East India 5,201 



China 1,020 



Japan 330 



Out of the 54 million pouds of naphtha and naphtha products exported, 

 in 1891, 48 million pouds passed through the port of Batoum, which clearly 

 shows that the export trade depends directly upon the transport capacity of tlie 

 Transcaucasian Eailway, which now transports about 60 million pouds of naphtha 

 goods from Baku per year. Before arriving at Batoum and the intermediate stations, 

 a portion of the naphtha goods go to Odessa and other Black Sea ports. The trans- 

 port of about 60 million pouds, or nearly one million tons, a year in one direction 

 by a single-line railway, is doubtless nearly the possible maximum ; and this clearly 

 shows that to transport the huge excess of over 250 million pouds of naphtha obtained 

 in the neighbourhood of Baku, other routes must be devised for a profitable commer- 

 cial traffic of the mass of naphtha goods between Baku and the ports of Batoum, 

 Poti, Novorossiisk, and others, open for the international trade of the Black Sea, which 

 in respect to the Caucasian naphtha, plays the same part as the shores of the Atlantic 

 ocean for the naphtha of the United States. There, as is well known, the oil 

 >prings are connected with the ocean ports, or, strictly speaking, the distilling works 

 -ituated around them, by means of numerous long pipe lines, giving the possibility 

 of supplying the raw naphtha in the requisite quantity independently of the railways; 

 such a pipe line, which would not only lower the cost of transport between Baku 

 and Batoum, a distance of 840 versts, but also increase the export of naphtha prod- 

 ucts abroad, does not yet exist in the Caucasus. At the close of the eighties the 

 question of the laying down of a pipe line between Baku and Batoum was much 

 discussed in the Ministry of Imperial Domains, the Society for the Encouragement of 

 Russian Industries, and by the Imperial Russian Technical Society ; and the ma- 

 jority of opinions were fully agreed upon the urgent necessity and timeliness of 



