LIVE STOCK INDUSTRY. 115 



cattle perish. No small number also perish from blizzards or b u r a u s, lasting in the 

 steppes several days in succession. Herds of horses and flocks of sheep caught by the storm 

 are unable to stand against the force of the wind. Driven in the direction taken by the bliz- 

 zard they fall into gullies and ravines covered up with snow and there perish in masses. 



In the northern uncultivated borderland of Siberia the wandering native population 

 keep reindeer and harness dogs. The former are indispensable companions of the wandering 

 native. The extreme indifference in the matter of food allows of their being kept in places 

 where no other domestic animals could live, and their services to man are most various. As 

 long as the reindeer is alive he is a beast of draught; killed, his flesh goes as food, his skin 

 furnishes warm clothing, and his sinews yield thread. 



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