THE FORMATION OF FORESTS 113 
value 58.83-80.93. Colorado seed, seven tests, real 
value 12.70-—86.77. 
In the case of deciduous trees, the following are 
samples of the results of his test: Betula nigra, two 
tests, real value 0.94-33.50. Betula papyrifera, 
seven tests, real value 1.18-17.41. Fagus sylvatica, 
three tests, real value 78.70—94.60. Quercus rubra, 
two tests, real value 58.60—-80. In the case of Salix 
purpurea, collected after sixteen days, none germi- 
nated. 
The above is sufficient to indicate how variable 
is the value of seeds on the market. 
Nothing is more unfair and disappointing to the 
farmer or forester than to pay well for seed which 
is partly if not mainly dirt, weed seeds, and infertile 
kernels. To work long and hard in the careful prep- 
aration of the soil, to sow it with care and then to 
reap weeds because of inferior seed, is enough in 
itself to account for the fact that the sons of farmers 
leave the farm and engage in other pursuits. 
The amount to sow broadcast on an acre depends 
upon the kind of seed, the quality of the seed, the 
rapidity of growth of the young plants, and the dan- 
gers to which both seed and plant may be subjected. 
Five pounds of pine seed would stock an area 
as dense as five hundred pounds of oak seed. A per- 
son can not afford to be lavish with seeds, although 
